Berra. All that and more on tonights pbs newshour. Moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the support of these institutions and. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff washington went from a fulltime focus on politics and government today to a fulltime focus on pope francis. William brangham reports on this first full day of the popes first visit to the United States. Reporter the south lawn of the white house was a sea of expectant faces this morning, as more than 11,000 turned out to witness the sights and the sounds of a full white house welcome. The pomp and circumstance contrasted with the pontiffs own modest arrival in a small gray fiat. He was greeted by the president and first lady. And by the cheering throng. Holy father, on behalf of michelle and myself, welcome to the white house. Our backyard is not typically this crowded but the size and spirit of todays gathering is just a small reflection of the deep devotion of some 70 million american catholics. Reporter mr. Obama used the occasion to commend pope francis for his calls to action on several fronts in the president s words, shaking us out of complacency you remind us that the lords most powerful message is mercy. That means welcoming the stranger with empathy and a truly open heart from the refugee who flees war torn lands, to the immigrant who leaves home in search of a better life. And, holy father, you remind us that we have a sacred obligation to protect our planet gods magnificent gift to us. Reporter mr. Obama also thanked the pope for assisting the diplomatic thaw between the u. S. And cuba. Francis then delivered his own message in a soft voice and halting english most notably, on the challenge of a warming planet. Reporter that appeal seemed sure to please the political left, but the pope took a conservative tack, too, reaffirming that roman catholics want their belief in traditional marriage respected. Reporter pope and president then moved inside, for a closed door, 40minute meeting in the oval office. And from there, francis moved on to a parade in his honor. In his signature popemobile, he traveled along the National Mall and was greeted by thousands of screaming supporters. At one point, a young girl ran through security barricades, the motorcade stopped, and at the popes urging secret Service Agents brought the child to him. After that, it was on to st. Matthews cathedral to meet with american bishops. Francis led a prayer service, and under a mosaic of saint matthew, he spoke in italian of the need for the American Church to emerge from a longrunning sexual abuse scandal. translated i realize how much the pain of recent years has weighed upon you and i have supported your generous commitment to bring healing to victims in the knowledge that in healing we too are healed and to work to ensure that such crimes will never be repeated. Reporter all this was preamble for the main event of the papal day a canonization mass held at the National Shrine of the immaculate conception. Some 25,000 people poured onto the grounds to hear the popes words, with habits that make us feel safe while at our door people are starving. We are indebted to tradition, a chain of witnesses who have made it possible for the good news of the gospel to be in every generation. Reporter as part of the service, the pope conferred sainthood on a franciscan from spain who brought catholicism to spain in the 1700s. It marked the first canonization held on u. S. Soil. But the move was not met with universal praise. American indian groups and others argue that serra helped wipe out indigenous populations and enslaved converts. The mass capped off the popes first full day in washington. Tomorrow, hell address a joint meeting of congress before going on to new york and philadelphia. Woodruff and for more, i spoke with william a short time ago. Hes outside the National Shrine fo the immaculate conception. So, william, youve watched the pope arrive for this mass. What have you seen . Hi, judy. Its just been a tremendous response that the pope has been getting here. We have been at the National Shrine for the last several hours. Incredible security to get through here. Most of the families weve met have been waiting here since 9, 10, 11 00 this morning to get in, but everyone seemed to be in good spirits. They were thrilled to see the pope up close. When he came in at 5 00 tonight, he drove his popemobile right through the middle of the crowd. An interesting reaction. The group in the seated section closer to the basilica itself offered polite, muted applause for him. The crowd in the standing room area went absolutely wild for him, just enthusiastic, erupting, cheering, waving, just a really tremendous reaction. Woodruff it seems hes the one whos enjoying this a lot, as well. I saw him this morning, reaching out, shaking hands, big smile on his face. Then this afternoon, he asked the security people to bring children over to him so he could kiss them while he was in the popemobile downtown washington. Its very much a twoway street here. I think thats right. I think he obviously feeds off of the reaction. Hes known as this pope who just wants to have impromptu meetings with people and very much loves the serendipity of the moments. Obviously that poses great complications for people who are trying to protect him and keep him on schedule but we saw a little of that as he came through. Hes a 78yearold man. He was a little tired. By the end of the day today, he was a little tired and felt like most of his mass tonight was a very subdued affair but clearly hes Getting Energy from the crowds here. Woodruff about this canonization of a spanish missionary in california, its something thats been pretty controversial. Tell us about this. Well, Junipero Serra is the man whos the most recent catholic saint added to the pantheon of saints and he is beloved by catholics by being an incredible evangelist, came up from mexico and california in the 1700s and converted and evangelized to a lot of Indigenous People living there at the time. Now conversion and evangelization is one thing from a catholic perspective. From the native american perspective, that can seem like a very different interaction, and he had been criticized by indigenous groups for serras very rough treatment of the people. The pope has endured continued varies and in the past has apologized for the sins of colonization as he said, but he Still Believes serras mission is a powerful one and one he wants to hold up to the entire catholic world. Woodruff William Brangham following pope francis as he conducts mass in washington. Thank you, william. Reporter thank you, judy. Woodruff in the days other news. The head of the german Automaker Volkswagen is out, amid a scandal over rigging diesel cars to pass pollution tests. C. E. O. Martin winterkorn announced today hes stepping down. He denied any personal wrongdoing, but in a statement, said germanys economy minister warned today against assuming the scandal will do lasting harm to v. W. , or the german economy. Two imprisoned aljazeera journalists received president ial pardons, in a case thats drawn international attention. Hours later, canadian Mohamed Fahmy and Egyptian National baher mohammed, joined by their wives, were released in cairo. They had been arrested in december 2013 and convicted of reporting what the government called false news. Where are we going to start . I dont know. What are we going to do . Were going to travel the world, were going to celebrate, were going to party and you know we just really hope that this is. Our families have suffered so much since the beginning of this trial and were very happy that president sissi took this action and released us. Woodruff a third aljazeera journalist had already been deported. The coup in the west african nation of burkina faso is apparently over, after just one week. The interim president of the country announced today hes returned to power. He had the backing of the military, which opposed the coup by members of the president ial guard. Burkina faso is supposed to hold elections next month. Chinese president xi jinping turned his attention to doing Business Today on the first leg of his visit to the u. S. Xis tour of a boeing plant near seattle coincided with news that chinese firms will buy 300 aircraft. And, he spoke of broader cooperation with the u. S. translated in the last 36 years since china and the United States established diplomatic relations, our relationship has been forging forward. I intend to have indepth exchange of views with president obama and other american leaders to make sure that this relationship will deliver more tangible benefits to people in our two countries and elsewhere in the world. Woodruff in a seattle speech last night, xi also said the u. S. And china can Work Together to address cybercrimes. U. S. Officials have strongly suggested china wasehd a huge breach of federal personnel records. Now, it turns out the hackers stole 5. 6 million fingerprint images. That number, from the office of personnel management, is five times more than first reported. The images were part of applications for federal security clearances. President obama is voicing doubts that a u. N. Summit in paris this year will do enough to cut carbon emissions. In Rolling Stone magazines latest cover story, he says even so, the president says he hopes for aggressive enough targets. Wall street had another down day, driven by Falling Oil Prices and weak factory data. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 50 points to close at 16,280. The nasdaq fell four points. And the s p 500 also dropped four. And. Today marked the high point of the hajj, the annual pilgrimage of muslims to mecca. Some 2 Million People made their way to mount arafat, outside the city for a day of prayer and repentance. Many held umbrellas to shield against the sun. Still to come on the newshour an emergency meeting of europes leaders to address the refugee crisis. Can the u. S. Government avoid a shutdown next week . Plus, the priest who oversees one half of congress on the popes speech at the capitol. And much more. More than 2,500 refugees arrived on the greek island of lesbos today, representing a sharp spike in arrivals on the island. In brussels, European Union leaders held tense discussions. They are split on the continents response to the unfolding crisis. Haris sreenavasan has more. Sreenivasan those tense discussions have centered on how many refugees will be resettled across the 28 countries of the European Union, and who will pay for them. But as ministers talked in brussels, the arrivals of refugees and migrants continued in athens, which is where special correspondent Malcolm Brabant is tonight. Reporter dawn on a typical day on the migrant trail the arrival at athens main port of a ferry from lesbos, the island where most Asylum Seekers enter greece. Just one ship disgorges some 2,000 people. Sometimes there are three ferries a day a fraction of the problem being discussed by european leaders who met in brussels this evening. Many have not eaten during the 15hour voyage, so they storm a feeding station set up by a group of muslims from northern england. This crisis is undermining the twodecade experiment of a united europe, as prime ministers and president s fight over how to respond to the influx. Meanwhile, ordinary citizens are doing what they can in this case, trying to provide more than 1,000 meals a day. Obviously, life as they know it doesnt exist any more. If i knew what europe could do, i wouldnt be here. All i know is these people are homeless. Theyre foodless. Whatever we can do to help them. Reporter similar chaotic scenes play out in athens Victoria Square, where hungry Migrant Children fight to grab a milk carton from a Charity Bundle delivered by a greek. This square is a staging post for those at the wrong end of the refugee class system devised by europe. Priority has been given to syrians, eritreans and iraqis, but many of those in victoria are from central asia, and the afghans especially wonder why the continuing conflict in their country is not considered as perilous. You know better. In afghanistan theres a war. Taliban, daesh, because people dont war, people want peace. Reporter but in brussels the argument is over the present and a plan to distribute 120,000 refugees by mandatory quotas across the 28 members of the European Union. We have now reached a critical point where we need to end this cycle of mutual recriminations and misunderstandings. Today our debate must be based on fact, not illusions and emotions. Reporter heads of states convened this evening to discuss Financial Assistance to help with the refugees both in europe and in the middle east. But the main debate was on the quota deal, voted through by a majority of european interior ministers yesterday. It came over the loud objections of four countries the Czech Republic, romania, hungary and slovakia, whose foreign minister blasted the plan. translated slovakia will file a legal complaint against mandatory redistribution of refugees on the basis of we will not implement these decisions of the interior ministers, because the quotas are meaningless. The system will not work and slovakia will not be forced to adopt quotas. Reporter the european deal to resettle 120,000 migrants has been criticized by the u. N. Refugee agency, the u. N. H. C. R. Its spokeswoman said the relocation plan will not be sufficient to solve the crisis. Its just 120,000 over two years, she said. Considering that as of today almost 480,000 people have arrived in europe this year by boat, and 84 are coming from refugeeproducing countries, this is clearly something that is not enough. The Commission President is reportedly promising measures to speed up deportation that failed Asylum Seekers. So many of the people in Victoria Square could have paid a fortune and risked their lives for nothing. For the pbs newshour, athens. Sreenivasan we take a closer look at europes approach to the crisis, with william swing, director general of the International Organization for migration and former u. S. Diplomat. And david osullivan, the European Unions ambassador to washington. Ambassador sullivan, starting with you, whats happening in europe now . Seems a tension between sovereignty and solidarity. You have countries like hungary, romania, the Czech Republic and slovakia saying this idea to distribute 120,000 migrants across their countries undermines their independence. Well, we are having a healthy discussion, as we often do in europe, about how to deal with this particular crisis. This is a global crisis. Europe and a number of our Member States find themselves at the sharpened of one aspect of it which is the sudden increase in Asylum Seekers arriving initially through the mediterranean and now by land. We are having to cope with this, find ways of taking the pressure off those front line Member States. There was an important decision taken yesterday. Of course, this is not easy for some of our Member States, but i would like to emphasize what europe has been doing in terms of addressing the problem in the med traimediterranean with seard rescue, nearly 122,000 lives saved with a naval effort to try to break the smugglers who are exploiting the people, assistance to italy and greece to help them cope. The real problem lies in syria and the many millions of people instead of just hundreds of thousands who are displaced living both in syria and neighboring countries who have had to show shoulder an enormous burden. Europe is one of the largest donors to those countries to try to help them but we all need to do morehous more. Sreenivasan ambassador, what happens when the countries say they dont want these people there . This is an evolutionary process. I think we are encouraged by teff luges of europes policy particularly sent april of last year where the emphasis became saving life, the increase of the number of ships tryin trying too search and rescue and then the big decision yesterday on pling the number of relocations up to 160,000. This is really the shortterm aspect of the policy. Europe is still trying to pursue a very elusive objective to common migration and asylum policy, so a good way to go there. We also need to keep it in perspective. 480,000 now have come into the e. U. But we also need to remember that countries like ethiopia, 700,000 ref jess, kenya 400,000, sudan 200,000, and lebanon with 5 million inhabitants has more than a million theyre hosting. So we need to keep it in perspective. Its not so much a problem to be solved as a human reality that has to be managed by sensible people, and were very pleased to see that so many of the European Union states did agree now to the formula of 160,000. Sreenivasan ambassador osullivan, as you and ambassador swing mentioned, what about the rest of the populations, 120,000 seems like a big number but 80 to 90 of even the Syrian Refugees are sitting in libya, jordan, lebanon. When they see the opportunity to come to europe, this might be the time