Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. And the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. And with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Ifill police in belgium charged a fourth suspect in the paris attacks today. The suspect was swept up in a 24hour dragnet, but was the only person charged. 15 others were released. The Prime Minister decided to keep brussels on its highest state of alert through at least next week. We have a report from emma murphy of independent Television News in brussels. Reporter a European Capital city, rush hour monday morning, whatever the threat, the government believed it so serious much of normal life has given way to abnormality. Armored vehicles patrol empty and closed shopping streets. There are soldiers on most junctions, and in such a climate all places where lots of people can gather like universities, schools and nurseries are shut. This isnt a city in fear, but it is a city in flux. Its necessary. Its necessary to have the security because the people, i think, feel safer with this kind of security. I feel if the policeman feels its safe, i will be glad im home. Reporter it affect everyday life, nursery for nathaniel. Challenge if it goes on. You cant do things we usually do. There are police everywhere, even in my neighborhood. Quite suburban and not in the center of town, but there are police on the streets and police are closing off the roads around here. So its unusual. Reporter how long it goes on depends in part on this man, salah abdeslam. He is part of the terror threat, but the action of the governor suggests there is something for than him for them to content with. Ifill because of ongoing terrorist attacks around the world, the state department issued a Worldwide Travel alert for u. S. Citizens this evening, citing increased threats. It directed americans to exercise vigilance in Public Places or when using transportation. It also suggested avoiding large crowds, particularly during the holiday season. The alert is set to expire in three months. Ifill meanwhile, in a southern suburb of paris, police said a street cleaner found an explosive belt in a pile of rubble, but without its detonator. French president Francois Hollande and british Prime MinisterDavid Cameron each laid a single flower outside the bataclan concert hall, where 89 people were killed. Later, cameron urged the British Parliament to join france in the fight against the Islamic State. Later this week, i will set out in parliament our comprehensive strategy for tackling isil. I firmly support the action that president hollande has taken to strike isil in syria and its my Firm Conviction that britain should do so too. Ifill the French DefenseMinistry Said it has launched its first airstrikes from the aircraft carrier, charles de gaulle, bombing Islamic State targets in ramadi and mosul, iraq. France has already carried out strikes against isis targets in syria. Syria was at the top of the agenda for a meeting between russian president Vladimir Putin and irans Supreme Leader ayatollah ali khamenei. The two leaders met in iran. Both have been staunch supporters of syrian president bashar al assad, and today khamenei criticized u. S. Efforts to begin peace talks. Migrants stuck in limbo along the greekmacedonian border stepped up their protests today, staging hunger strikes and blocking trains. Theyre mostly economic refugees who have been denied entry by balkan countries because theyre not fleeing war. Hundreds gathered behind gates and barbed wire fences, shouting at police. Others taped or even sewed their mouths shut in a sign of protest. Flags flew at half staff in the west african nation of mali today to begin three days of mourning for the victims of fridays attack on a luxury hotel there. State television aired photos of the corpses of two of the suspected gunmen, appealing for information on their identities. Three separate groups have claimed responsibility for the deadly siege that left 20 people, plus the two attackers, dead. In nigeria and cameroon, five suicide bombers, all girls, killed 12 people over the weekend. The attacks happened at an entry to nigerias northeastern city of maiduguri, and just across the border in cameroon. Police blamed boko haram, the Islamic Extremist Group whose sixyear campaign of violence has killed 20,000 people. Voters in argentina have ushered in a new era, electing their first conservative president in 12 years. Last night, Mauricio Macri danced on stage with his family at his buenos aires headquarters. The rightwing mayor of buenos aires beat the ruling partys nominee in a runoff, after promising to boost the economy and fight corruption. translated the quality that we have, us argentines, we have to finally put it to work for our future. I want to say to you today, as well as to our brothers of latin america and to our brothers of the world, that we want to have good relationships with all the countries. We want to work with all of you. Ifill macri takes office on december 10th, and inherits a country with 30 inflation and stagnant economic growth. Back in this country, police in new orleans are trying to find out what sparked a gun battle in hundreds had gathered for anht. Evening block party at a local playground when gunfire rang out. At least 17 people were wounded in the crossfire. Today, new orleans mayor Mitch Landrieu called on witnesses to come forward. Heres a message to the guys that did the shooting last night. You cant run, you cant hide. Were going to find you and were going to prosecute you. Were going to hold you accountable and were going to put you behind bars, for our safety and yours. But in order to do this, we need the community. There is only so much the police can do. We need the community to help take back the streets. Ifill all the victims are listed in stable condition. They suffered either direct gunshot wounds or were grazed by bullets. In business news, the pharmaceutical giant pfizer announced plans to merge with allergan, creating the Worlds Largest drugmaker. The 160 billion deal means pfizer will slash its Corporate Tax bill by moving its new york headquarters to dublin, ireland, where allergan is based. The taxsaving ploy is known as corporate inversion, which the Obama Administration has tried to crack down on. On wall street today, stocks gave up their early gains in Late Afternoon trading. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 31 points to close above 17,792. The nasdaq fell two points. And the s p 500 dropped two points. Still to come on the newshour strategies to defeat the Islamic State. Fear mongering or Foreign Policy . Our politics monday discussion. Tobaccos role in treating ebola. And much more. Ifill the paris attacks have reignited the debate over how the United States and other nations should respond to a Global Terror Organization thats expanding its targets beyond iraq and syria. This week, frances president is seeking additional help from both the u. S. And russia. Our coalition will not relent. Ifill traveling in malaysia yesterday, president obama pledged to take the fight to the Islamic State. The terror attacks in paris, which led to a wider european alert, follow 16 months of airstrikes against isis targets in iraq and syria. The assault slowed the groups territorial expansion. But the president insists u. S. Involvement will not include direct ground combat. Destroying isil is not only a realistic goal, were going to get it done, and were going to pursue it with every aspect of american power. The United States will continue to lead this global coalition. We are intensifying our strategy on all fronts, with local partners on the ground. Ifill the u. S. Role in battling isis has evolved in recent months. There are more than 3,000 american troops in iraq providing logistical, training and combat advice. American and kurdish commandos stormed an isis prison in iraq last month, rescuing dozens of men. And earlier this month, the president announced that 50 u. S. Special operations troops would be heading to syria. But the u. S. Policy of incremental involvement has been questioned by the president s political opponents, and even by some of his former appointees. Two former defense secretaries weighed in yesterday on whether the president is focusing on the right target, and with the right amount of force. The u. S. Has to lead in this effort because what weve learned a long time ago is that the United States does not lead nobody else will. We are going to have to commit Additional Resources to this effort. Were hitting some targets, but air strikes alone are not going to win here. Assad is a very bad guy. There are bad guys all over the world. But i think its pretty clear that isis represents the real threat to our country, to the world. Ifill president obama is scheduled meet with french president Francois Hollande tomorrow to discuss the coalitions next steps. So what should the u. S. Do . What shouldnt it do . Two views former u. S. Ambassador to iraq James Jeffrey served in the infantry, and is now a distinguished fellow at the washington institute. And John Mearsheimer, a west point graduate and former air force officer, writes extensively on Strategic Issues and is a Political Science professor at the university of chicago. Welcome to you both, gentlemen. Thank you. Ifill James Jeffrey, lets break this up into two parts, the military and diplomatic options. We hear a lot about boots on the ground, commitment of u. S. Forces. Is that where the debate is right now . In. Terms of taking down i. S. I. S. As a state and army, we have to go onto fencive. That on the offensive. That requires Ground Troops. Weve tried 15 months to create a set of Ground Troops from the units and entities and forces on the ground that we have. It isnt working all that well. We dont have the time to keep trying to do this. Some insertion of u. S. Forces both as advisors, special forces and some ground maneuver units are absolutely necessary to move this forward. Ifill quantify some. The general on the 18t 18th talked about two brigades to be deployed, about 10,000 combat troops to stand by to move forward if needed as we try this expanded incremental approach that the president is suggesting. Ifill John Mearsheimer, this is called having skin in the game, theoretically. What are the opportunities for that and what are the risks . Well, i think there is virtually no chance were going to put largescale Ground Forces in syria, and president obama has made it clear hes not going to do that. And the principle reason is you would have to put a lot of Ground Troops in to defeat i. S. I. S. There is no question if you put 100,000, 150,000 troops in, you can defeat i. S. I. S. , but then you run into the what next question what are we going to do, stay in and occupy the place and the end result is deal win subjects, wont know how the to get out and make a bad situation swors . So its quite clear to me there is no way we can defeat i. S. I. S. From the air or with Ground Forces and we have to find a diplomatic solution. Ifill before the dim markets what are the options here . Are we talking about occupation . Is that iniv is that inevit . No, occupation is not inevitable. I dont believe well end up occupying syria because weve tried this before both in afghanistan and iraq and it did not turn out well and we would be remarkably foolish to try to duplicate that task and there is no way to win this one with air power alone. The only hope is assads forces can be rebuilt to the point where they can deal with i. S. I. S. , and then we can get out of the region militarily. Ifill let me ask you both this question. You know Francois Hollande is coming to washington to mow, going to meet with the president , what should he be asking for . What he will be asking for is a far more aggressive American Campaign against i. S. I. S. Because if he doesnt get a yes, an affirmative answer to that, hes going to in any case go to moscow and ask the same thing of putin. Putin trass perhaps onetenth of our military capabilities, but putin will give him an affirmative on a very Aggressive Campaign against i. S. I. S. Well have that one way tore the other. Ifill John Mearsheimer, what do you think holland shoule should be or would be asking for . I think he should ask for a coalition that includes the United States, russians, iran and a number of others in the region to work up to prop up the assad government. The only hope we have here is to prop up assad and make him powerful enough that he can deal with i. S. I. S. That way we dont have to put in Ground Forces and the russians are not going to put in Ground Forces themselves. So the only hope is assad. But the principal problem we face is that the United States is incapable of working with the russians. We still continue to pursue this policy where were trying to topple assad and the russians are trying to support assad. This is crazy because were working at cross purposes and, if anything, were just going to make the war worse and that will play to i. S. I. S. s advantage. Hollande understands this. Ifill John Mearsheimer, you brought up the question of diplomatic solutions. Do we have time to pursue that . Were right in the middle of the this now. We really have no choice. There is no simple military solution. There is nothing americans or russians can do militarily to win this because were not willing to commit Ground Forces for good reason. What we have to do is work with assad and create a situation where hes powerful enough to push back i. S. I. S. And then work to get some sort of peace settlement in the region. Its going to be remarkably difficult to do in large part because as i said the americans are incapable of working with the russians. Ifill ambassador jeffrey, lets talk about the assad question. Its clear were not on the same side of the discussion with russia on assad and you heard mr. Mearsheimer said lets forget about this idea of ousting assad right now. What do you think . Im as sure as i can be if we try to throw our weight behind assad, the russians and iranians well ensure that i. S. I. S. Will not only survive but prosper because the entire arab sunni world in turkey will throw their weight against us on this. This is a doublebarreled problem we have. The assad regime which helped create i. S. I. S. And now supported by russia and iran and i. S. I. S. Itself. The way to do this is to keep assad out of the battle and take the fight to i. S. I. S. I. S. I. S. Has 30,000 troops. We have about 200,000 or 300,000 of our allied troops but they dont have the capability of taking the offensive without america leading. Ifill i want to ask to you both, what is our longterm or even shortterm strategic objective in syria . Why should we be more involved . First of all, were the center of the middle east. We have allies to the north in turkey, to the south in israel and jordan and we have extraordinary interests that president obama has emphasized time and time again. He acknowledges that we are fighting a war against i. S. I. S. His goal is to destroy it. He said that again yesterday. The question is how to do that. And our longterm goals are to try to bring some kind of resurrection of the state system in these very, very fragile countries because they cant stand up against these movements otherwise. Ifill John Mearsheimer . First of all, i dont believe the United States has any strategic interest in syria. I think from a Strategic Point of view, syria is an insignificant country. Its not like iraq or iran that have lots of oil. Second, i think the principal two reasons we should want to shut down this conflict as soon as possible is, number one, humanitarian reasons. This is a human rights disaster. Secondly, if we dont stem the flow of refugees into europe, its going to cause all sorts of problems in europe. You can see that happening already. So we have a deepseated interest not for strategic reasons but human rights reasons and because of europe to do what we can to end this one as quickly as possible, but i dont think thats going to happen because i think the ambassadors view of dealing with the russians is correct in the minds of most americans and most people disagree with what i say and, therefore, we wont work with the russians and we wont solve this problem, it will only get worse, more syrians will die and more refuge