Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by and by the alfred p. Sloan foundation. Supporting science, technology, and improved Economic Performance and Financial Literacy in the 21st century. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff theres much more today on the attackers and their weapons in the San Bernardino shootings. But police and federal agents are still searching for what sparked the attack that killed 14 people, wounded 21 and culminated in a fatal confrontation. Hari sreenivasan reports from San Bernardino. Sreenivasan this morning, a bulletriddled s. U. V. Still sat in a San Bernardino street, stark evidence of wednesdays violence. The two suspects, syed farook and his wife, tashfeen malik, died there in a gun battle with police, after a chase. Hours earlier, the pair opened fire at a social Services Center during a holiday luncheon. Police swarmed in to track the husbandandwife team, ending in the final shootout a few miles away. Police chief Jarrod Burguan says the couple had an arsenal in the s. U. V. , including two rifles and two handguns all legally purchased and bullets that could punch through police vests. Suspects are believed to have fired about 76 rifle rounds at the officers at the termination of the pursuit. 76 is our number we have right now, however on them on their person and in vehicle they had over 1,400. 223 caliber rounds that were available to them and had over 200. 9 mm rounds on their persons as well. Sreenivasan in addition, investigators found three pipe bombs at the social services complex, attached to a remote controlled car that malfunctioned. F. B. I. And police also searched a home in nearby redlands. What they found inside was another arsenal. The search that took place revealed that there were 12 pipe bombs in that house or in garage to that house. There were also hundreds of tools, many of which could be used to construct i. E. D. s or pipe bombs. In addition to that, they had other material to produce additional bombs as well. Sreenivasan as the search proceeded, authorities began to piece together more on the shooters. Sayed farook was 28 years old, born in the u. S. And worked as a county restaurant inspector. His wife, tashmeen malik, was in the country on a visa and had a pakistani passport. The couple also had a sixmonth old child. Last night, farooks brotherin law said he couldnt fathom why they did this. I have no idea, i have no idea why he would do that, why would he do Something Like this. I have absolutely no idea. I am in shock myself. Sreenivasan lori noble lives nearby and was buying a Christmas Tree today. For her, the attack was personal. I have a disabled daughter and she gets services from there, and know quite a few people in the building so its tough. You dont expect it to happen here and it just did. Sreenivasan nearby at the original mommy helms bakery, they were on lockdown yesterday. Does it make you feel less safe . Yes, it does. Because it is so close to home. It does make me feel unsafe. You have to have your guard up at all times, you just never know. Sreenivasan meanwhile, president obama appealed again, from the oval office, for the country to find a way to curb gun violence. So Many Americans sometimes feel as if theres nothing we can do about it. Were going to have to search ourselves as a society to make sure we can take basic steps that would make it harder not impossible but harder for individuals to get access to weapons. Sreenivasan this is still a community in its early stages of grieving. Just today, the Coroners Office started making public the names of the 14 people murdered yesterday. That means this town will feel the ripple effects of their loss that much more acutely. There are vigils planned tonight to try to remember those affected by this, including one at the San Bernadino mosque, the largest one here. Gwen. Ifill thanks, hari. Ifill the San Bernardino shootings prompted new debate in Congress Today on how to stop gun violence. Senate democrats offered proposals to expand background checks and make it harder for people on terror watch lists to buy weapons. Republicans opposed those amendments, and called instead, for overhauling the countrys Mental Health system. Woodruff the u. S. Military will open all of its frontline combat jobs to women, without exception. Defense secretary ash carter announced the change today, rejecting the marine corps request for exemptions. At a pentagon briefing, carter said the military needs the broadest pool of talent for the toughest assignments. Our force of the future must continue to benefit from the best people america has to offer. To succeed in our mission of National Defense we cannot afford to cut ourselfs off from half the contrys talents and skills. We have to take full advantage of every individual who can meet our standards. Woodruff well hear gwens interview with secretary carter a little later in the program. Ifill secretary of state john kerry says the Islamic State group can be defeated within months, if theres a ceasefire in the syrian civil war. Kerry made the prediction at a European Security conference today. Meanwhile, britain launched its first airstrikes overnight, against isis targets in syria, shortly after parliament approved the move. The british are using cyprus as a base. Woodruff russian and turkish officials held their first high level meeting today since turkey shot down a Russian Military jet, nine days ago. Afterward, russias foreign minister said, we heard nothing new. At the same time, president Vladimir Putin again accused turkey of buying oil from Islamic State forces in syria. The turks called that claim sovietstyle propaganda. Ifill the corruption crisis engulfing International Soccer has widened again in the u. S. And europe. Swiss authorities arrested two Vice President s from soccers governing body fifa in predawn raids today at a luxury hotel in zurich. And in washington, u. S. Attorney general Loretta Lynch announced charges against 16 more officials of fifas executive committee. The betrayal of trust that is set forth here is truly outrageous. And the scale of corruption alleged herein is unconscionable. And the message from this announcement should be clear to every culpable individual who remains in the shadows, hoping to evade this ongoing investigation, you will not wait us out, and you will not escape our focus. Ifill investigators allege that fifa leaders have accepted millions of dollars in bribes to influence the selection of sites for world cup matches. Woodruff the doubleamputee olympic runner Oscar Pistorius is likely headed back to prison in south africa. An Appeals Court convicted him today of murdering his girlfriend in 2013. A lower court ruled it was manslaughter a lesser charge but prosecutors appealed. Ifill another verdict back in this country. A federal jury in West Virginia has convicted a former coal executive of a single misdemeanor, in a 2010 mine explosion that killed 29 men. At the time, Don Blankenship ran massey energy, the mines owner. He was found guilty today of conspiring to violate safety standards, but acquitted of more serious charges. He plans to appeal. Congress took action today on highways and health care. The house approved a fiveyear bill funding highways and mass transit, to the tune of 305 billion. It also includes a separate provision to revive the u. S. Exportimport bank. In the senate, republicans moved a bill to repeal president obamas Affordable Care act. Hes promised a veto. Newly elected House Speaker paul ryan served notice today that republicans will offer what he calls a complete alternative to the lefts agenda. Ryan spoke today at the library of congress, and called for simplifying the tax code and rolling back obamacare, among other things. We want all americans when they look at washington to see spending going down, taxes going down, debt going down. We want to see progress and we want to have pride. We want people to believe in our future again. We want a country where no one is stuck, where no one settles, where everyone can rise. Ifill ryan also said its time for major revisions in major social programs akin to welfare reform in the 1990s. Woodruff the secret service is in the spotlight again. A House OversightCommittee Report today calls it an agency in crisis. The yearlong investigation found 143 security breaches, or attempted breaches at facilities guarded by the secret service in the last decade. It also said the secret service is understaffed and poorly led, and agents and officers are overworked. Democrats on the Committee Said deep budget cuts are partly to blame. Ifill in economic news, the Federal Reserve is on track for its first Interest Rate hike in nearly a decade later this month. That word today from fed chair janet yellen. She told congress that Economic Conditions seem right for a hike, and the Feds Open Market Committee must act accordingly. Were the fomc to delay the start of policy normalization for too long, we would likely end up having to tighten policy relatively abruptly. Such an abrupt tightening would risk disrupting financial markets, and perhaps even inadvertently push the economy into a recession. Ifill meanwhile, the European Central bank today cut a key Interest Rate and extended its stimulus program. Woodruff that disappointment with europes rate cut sent wall street into a selloff. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost more than 250 points to close below 17,480. The nasdaq fell 85 points, and the s p 500 dropped nearly 30. Ifill still to come on the newshour when radicalization flies below the radar. The secretary of defense on todays historic announcement to dramatically expand the number of women in combat. The abuse of gays in nigeria, and much more. Woodruff now, lets return to some of the questions out there about the murders in San Bernardino. Several news reports suggested the fbi is treating the shooting as a terrorist case. Theres also been speculation as to whether the suspects could have been radicalized. Again, there are many details still unclear, including motive. But lets discuss what we know with two who are familiar with these issues. Michael leiter is the former director of the National Counterterrorism center. And, seamus hughes, Deputy Director of the program on extremism at George Washington university. Michael leiter, seamus hughes, welcome. Michael, let me start with you. As we said we dont know the motive. We dont know if there was some workplace friction involved in this. But we do know they had a lot of ammunition in their home, in the vehicle. We know they had traveled overseas, but they were not on any watch list. Why not . What would have put them on a watch list . Usually to be on a watch list there has to be reasonable suspicion of people being involved in terrorist activity. In this case you have individualindividuals who were that is obviously not enough. You had people who travel to the middle east, pakistan and saudi arabia that is not enough. Anif you have details about that and its particularly probative, that could get someone on a watch list, but i dont think we yet have enough information ton whether or not they were inappropriately or appropriately not on watch lists. Woodruff seamus hughes, you study people who are i guess the classification is extremists, people who are radicalized. What happens in that classification . What it changes someone from being not radicalized to being radicalized . Its a very highly individualized process and each person is different. And it can range from a few weeks to a few months. And weve seen in each one of the cases that family members see something concerning every time. They see a train wreck happening in slow motion but they dont know what theyre seeing. They dont know who to talk to in these situations. Woodruff we heard, i think it was the brotherinlaw, of the man, the suspect here, saying the family in essence was shocked. He had no idea this was going on. And thats usually a general reaction. I would be surprise surprised ir friends and family didnt see something, also, though. I would think someone saw something at some point and said, this, seems a little bit off, and just didnt know what to do after that. Woodruff michael leiter, how do authorities go about piecing information together . If he they were in touch with people who were being watched fthey were buying weapons, you know, when does that become Critical Mass . Well a lot of that information authorities may not actually know at the time. They may see calls going from someone who is on a watch list to someone else. They really dont have any indication at that point to look at these two individuals. What theyll do now, of course, is that forensic analysis. And what is so hard for authorities is after the fact, the monday morning quarterbacking, you can look at all those dots of information and say, ah, of course. This is what happened. But before this is disparate pieces of information. The fact that someone goes and buys a weapon in the United States, theres nothing illegal. But it will now be, i think, the exploitation of the electronic media, their footprints online, their phone conversations all of those pieces will give authorities the best indication of whether or not there was an element of radicalization going on here. Woodruff seamus hughes, as you have looked at this population, i mean, how many people are are you studying out there who may have the characteristics of someone who would be prepared to pull off Something Like this . Its an ongoing investigation. Were still figuring out the exact moat and i have it may be a mix between Workplace Violence and terrorism, but in terms of isis recruits we lookedt cases of people in the legal system and the average age was 26, onethird were 21. The vast majority were male but we saw a number of females in the study. We see the demographic changes. Woodruff thats what i wanted to ask bubecause this is a couple. We understand they were married. They had a young baby. They had been married just recently. Theyre both in their mid20s. My question is does this fit the profile . I mean, thats the exact question. Theres not a typical profile when we look at these cases. Weve seen old and young, rich and poor, you could be a 40 of them are converts but the general population is 23. It runs the gamut on these type of things. In terms of the role of women in these type of activities, its not necessarily novel thing. Weve seen women play a prominent role as propagandists and recruiters. What is novel in this is the fact that she was a mass shooter and thats unlikely. Woodruff michael leiter, that makes the work of the authorities a lot harder, doesnt it . This is very, very hard. This is the counterterrorism and Law Enforcement officials worst nightmare. One or two individual with weapons who are either radicalized or motivated by anything, its very hard to detect. We have some advantages over our european counterparts and some disadvantages. What we saw in paris is open borders making it very hard for europeans. The isolated muslim communities, makes it very hard for europeans. But here in the United States, the terrorists have a Real Advantage and that is easy access to weapons. It makes actually going to that step of violence that much easy nert u. S. And, heps, that much harder for counterterrorism officials to ultimately stop. Woodruff youre saying thats a contrast with europe. Its harder there to get the weapons than it is here . It absolutely is. In most european countries, the u. K. , and france, issues of radicalization are more problematic. They are more isolated and again the open borders of europe make it harder to detect. We have some advantages there but the ready access to weapons makes it harder to officials here. Woodruff again we want to stress we dont have all the information. In fct we really just have bits and pieces at this point, but seamus hughes, when youre looking at these individuals, is this something that happens gradually over a period of time . Or does is there one incident that tend to make them snap and decide, im going to go in that direction . Again, its a highly individualized process. Weve seen months. But with the advent of social media the process has shrunk considerably and usually there is some sort of trigger event, something that pushes someone over the edge. They already have this world view and one more thing triggers them to action. Woodruff michael leiter, i think the question on a lot of peoples minds tonight is what more can be done to identify individuals who may be at risk of doing Something Like this . Well, i dont want to say its impossible to stop these, but its very, very difficult. I do think that