Additional support is provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. From the tisch wnet studios in Lincoln Center in new york, hari sreenivasan. Sreenivasan good evening. Thanks for joining us. After months and months of negotiations, the deadline for the worlds major powers to strike a permanent deal with iran to curb its Nuclear Program is tomorrow. And the two sides are still said to be some distance apart. In an interview broadcast this morning with abcs george stephanopoulos, president obama said the interim deal reached last november had slowed irans Nuclear Program. The good news is that the interim deal that we entered into has definitely stopped irans Nuclear Program from advancing. So its been successful. But a deal would be a rollback, wouldnt it . Well now, so the question is, can we get to a more permanent deal . And the gaps are still significant. Sreenivasan the president also commented on how a nuclear deal might change overall relations with iran. What a deal would do is take a big piece of business off the table. And perhaps begin a long process, not just between iran and us, but the relationship between iran and the world, and the region begins to change. Sreenivasan well have more about the negotiations after the news summary. In afghanistan, a deadly suicide attack. At least 45 people were killed and dozens more wounded when a bomber targeted spectators at a crowded volleyball tournament in a province of eastern afghanistan. No one immediately claimed responsibility. Meanwhile, Afghanistans Parliament gave formal approval to a deal allowing 10thousand american troops and a few thousand other foreign troops to stay in the country past the end of the year. From nigeria, word of a brutal sneak attack by islamic militants. The bbc reports members of boko haram targeted a group of fish traders near lake chad thursday, killing 48 people without firing a single bullet. Some of the victims throats were reportedly slit. Others were tied up and drowned. Troops from surrounding countries have been deployed to the area to protect civilians. Further north in africa, in mali, Officials Say suspected islamic extremists kidnapped ten children and killed two others who tried to escape. Its the latest in a series of attacks by militants there. A spokesman with malis military described the kidnapping as a forced recruitment of child soldiers. Malis government has been in peace talks with rebel groups aimed at ending decades of violence in the area. Back here in the u. S. , one of americas best known former mayors has died. Marion barry served three terms as mayor of washington d. C. Between 1978 and 1990 and was reelected in 1994 despite having been caught on camera smoking crack cocaine during an undercover drug sting in a Washington Hotel room. He served six months in prison on a misdemeanor drug charge. Before becoming mayor, barry helped organize protests during the Civil Rights Movement and later launched a jobs program for poor blacks. I spent over 30 years of my life since 1960 giving to the public. Sreenivasan marion barry was 78 years old. In california, officials announced theyre expanding coverage of a cuttingedge earthquake Warning System to include schools and fire stations next year. The system is linked to ground sensors and can give a few seconds, or up to a minutes warning before an earthquake strikes. Some fire stations plan to program their garage doors to open when the alert goes off, to keep a quake from jamming the doors closed. Leaders of americas largest indian reservation have approved a junk food tax to fight obesity. Starting next year, the Navajo Nation will put a two percent sales tax on cookies, chips, sodas and other food with little or no nutritional value. Advocates of the tax say the obesity rate among navajos is as high as 60 . The tax hike follows a five percent sales tax cut on fresh fruit and vegetables that took effect last month. And finally, a fish tale researchers off monterey have captured pictures of the anglerfish; a creature you or your children have probably only seen in the movie finding nemo. This is the real deal, called a black seadevil. It was captured on video in its natural habitat apparently for the First Time Ever last week, almost 2,000 feet below the ocean surface. Despite its scary appearance its actually threeandahalf inches long. Just like in the movies, the anglerfish uses a flashlight like appendage to lure smaller fish into its mouth. Sreenivasan as we said earlier, that deadline for a nuclear deal with iran is tomorrow. For more about the state of the negotiations, we are joined now by my colleague, william brangham, who reported earlier this year from iran, and by david sanger of the new york times. Hes in vienna covering the talks and joins us now via skype. Thanks hari. David thanks for joining us. The president this morning said there are still some significant gaps in the negotiations. What can we likely expect in the next day as the negotiations wrap up . Well i think you can expect that these negotiations are not going to wrap up. That whats going to happen here is that youll get an extension that may well be wrapped in some kind of description of the progress theyve made so far. You know william, they have very extensive drafts and annexes of an agreement but they dont have political decisions from the Supreme Leader in iran or from president obama on some majors issues of dispute including how many centrifuges iran could be left with, the fuel stock piles, which one would be sent to russia and the questions of sanctions. And all of these require decisions that nobodys been willing to make even though this negotiation has been going on for a year. How do you foresee us ever getting to an agreement . Well im not sure that we ever will get to an entire agreement. I know that people on both sides hope they will but its also possible that to the United States this could be a manageable issue if you keep rolling it forward, to some degree. As the iranians thats not completely the case because its their oil that is being kept off the market and they want to have the normal banking relationships and the normal relationship with the west. I think thats the reason that president obamas team is calculating the time is probably on their side. But that could back fire as well if people in iran begin to pick up a narrative that in the end the United States wont take yes for an answer or wont even take a partial yes for an answer. The wests concern here obviously is about irans ability to build a nuclear bomb. What in the negotiations right now are the stumbling blocks about what the iranians are actually doing in that regard . Well, the concern is that since iran says it has no intention of building a weapon, you have to design a system that would lengthen whats called breakout time. The amount of time it would take to produce one weapons worth of fuel. Now right knew thats down to a few months the way theyve constructed this and the what the United States and the european allies russia and china want to do is to extend that so that anybody in iran even in a different regime could raise for a bomb, you would have time to act diplomatically or militarily. Keeping the iranians at the negotiating table, certainly when i was in iran earlier this year i saw how the sanction he were squeezing the sanctions were squeezing the economy. Acutely the sanctions have to come off but its the Supreme Leader who is making the final decision here. And hes got a different constituency, the Iranian Revolutionary guard corps and others, who have invested very heavily in the Nuclear Program. So hes under some very competing influences here on the question of whether its better to live with the sanctions and keep a bigger part of the Nuclear Program or get rid of the sanctions, thatful view in the Iranian Military view is too high. If the talks bear no fruit, is something other on the table . No one has ever expressed that the military solution is more than a temporary solution. You could bomb the facilities and certainly set them back a year or two years or maybe even three years. But you could redouble irans determination to rebuild those facilities deeper in the ground where you could not get at them. David sanger, from the new york times, thank you so much. Good to be with you. Sreenivasan and now to our signature segment. Tonight, we examine a new plan to dramatically reduce one of the leading causes of death in the u. S. , especially among young people. Were not talking about drugs or shootings, but about traffic collisions. They kill more than 33,000 people in this country each year, including more than 4,700 pedestrians. Now officials here in new york city and in several other states have borrowed from a plan thats been in effect in parts of europe for some time. n tonight, we take a look at the work, and whats being done to reporter a remarkable amount of the time, all these buses and taxis, cars and bicycles, joggers and walkers, manage to coexist on the streets of new york, but when something goes wrong, it can be horrible. Leaving families devastated. Listen to what happened in front of dana lerners home last january. I got a call from our doorman. I didnt know what the hell i was gonna find. So i ran down there. And i saw my husband, you know, just screaming, lying in the lying in the road. But he was i could see he wasnt horribly hurt. And i looked over and my son was, you know, lying there. Reporter lerners nineyear old son cooper had been walking across the street, handinhand with his father. They were in the crosswalk with the light on their side, when a cab turning left hit her husband and their son. He was lying completely still. There was blood coming of his ears. And im a real optimist. And i, kept saying. And my husband. Kept saying, its bad. Its bad. Its bad. I was like, no, hes be okay. Well be okay. And, and he wasnt. Months earlier, while running for mayor of new york, bill de blasio had made Traffic Safety a top priority. Just weeks after being inaugurated and following the deaths of several pedestrians, including cooper, the mayor, a father of two himself, launched what was known as vision zero at a press conference surrounded by parents who had lost loved ones to traffic collisions. When i read about these horrible moments, when i read about these tragedies, and this loss of life its very personal for me, because i can see it through the eyes through my fellow parents. And of course every one of us thinks what if that was my child. And the goal is literally to reduce fatalities on our roadways to zero. Reporter the mayor said zero, that includes all traffic deaths. 178 pedestrians died in the city last year. Now given, new york city streets are dramatically safer than they were 25yearsago, but traffic fatalities, including motorists and pedestrians, have started to tick back up since a low in 2011. Some people here the phrase vision zero and they ask whats really possible. They ask whether these are new ideas, speculative ideas. But we want to emphasize today is that these are tried and tested ideas. Ideas that work. They have been working in other parts of the country, they have been working around the world. Most notably in sweden. So its going from very safe to something much, much safer. Reporter matts belin helped design the vision zero approach in sweden. We caught up with him when he was in new york for a symposium on the swedish innovation. Belin says the Initiative Starts with the idea that its not acceptable for a Single Person to die on the roads and that engineering, not enforcement, is where the emphasis should be. In vision zero, we put the major. The. The first responsibility on the system designer. And, of course. The road users. Still have a responsibility. But it come. Goes back to. The system designer. Belin points to the example of a busy intersection without a traffic light. The traditional approach is to put one up. But belin says thats flawed. Collisions would go down dramatically, but those that still occur would likely be at high speeds and severe. Belin says the better approach would be to create a rotary or roundabout, forcing drivers to slow down. The crashes will probably increase. Because it be become a little bit more complicated for for for the traffic. But those that will happen will be less severe. And actually the the roundabout might be the difference between life and death. Reporter as part of vision zero in sweden, the country added thousands of miles of dividers, added breathalyzers in many cars, and runs one of the largest speed camera systems in the world, not to make money, belin says, but to slow drivers down. Sweden rolled out its vision in 1,997 when seven people per 100,000 died in traffic, in ten years, sweden cut its rate in half, and today the United States rate is more than three times as high and other people outside new york have noticed swedens success, minnesota, utah, and Washington State have all implemented vision zerostyle programs and seen reductions in fatalities fall faster than in states without them. And many other cities, including los angeles, san francisco, and chicago, have joined new york in recently implementing vision zerostyle initiatives. Here in new york, the plan calls for increased public education, vision zero street teams made up of police and transportation workers have raised awareness handing out pamphlets and psas have been produced about the impact of reckless driving and like sweden, new yorks vision zero called for more changes in infrastructure, beyond those made in the Previous Administration which had already seen decreases in fatalities. The city has put aside more that 40 Million Dollars for the plan this fiscal year. As part of vision zero, the department of transportation pledged to make safety improvements at 50 locations each year, some of those changes are already here, the intersection where cooper was struck and killed. The dot installed pedestrian islands, added time to the walk signals, and took out the Parking Spaces on the corner to increase visibility. The plan also called for changes in laws, including one that would change how taxi drivers who kill or seriously injure someone are treated. Like the one that struck cooper. After a few days, when i was sort of getting a little bit more, you know, sort of wits about me, i thought, wheres the guy that killed him . What happened to this guy . And then i found out that you can kill someone in new york city and you dont get charged with anything. So in other words, this cab driver literally couldve killed my son, stayed on his shift and gone on, made taken another fare. Sreenivasan how is that possible . It was possible then because there was absolutely no law that said that that didnt have to happen. Sreenivasan lerner and other activists helped push for new york city to adopt proposed legislation. In april lerner testified before the city council in favor of a bill dubbed coopers law. It would suspend licenses of taxi drivers pending an investigation. And lerner was looking on as the mayor signed it into law, along with 10 other bills related to Traffic Safety, in june. And just this month, the newest law related to vision zero went into effect. New york city recently changed its speed limit from 30 to 25 Miles Per Hour unless otherwise posted. That might not seem like much, but studies show that that tiny decrease actually doubles the chance of survival if a pedestrian is hit by a car. But asking new yorkers to slow down isnt without detractors. Darkuah adigunbomani is a new york city cab driver, as a mother of 3 she sympathizes with the desire for safe streets, but says that for cab drivers like her, being forced to slow down literally costs her money. Darkuah adigunbomani the more you pickup the more money you make, so when its pretty busy, you just cant move with a 25 Miles Per Hour, you just cant move and adigunbomani says that her customers famously impatient new yorkers want her to step on it. They pretty much, pick it up, pick it up because, you know, the customers are used to, you know, speeding up, make up this light. Sreenivasan but if she does, a lead foot might mean a better chance of getting a ticket. Thats because in new york, unlike in sweden, vision zero does include stepping up enforcement, for instance more aggressive ticketing by police. The number of tickets issued for speeding and failing to yield the right of way to pedestrians, is up 50 compared to last year. Its been ten months since cooper died at this intersection and mayor de blasio announced vision zero. From january through the end of october here in new york city, 209 people have died in traffic crashes, including 101 pedestrians. A decrease from last year. But still a long ways from zero. Sreenivasan do you agree with the vision zero approach to combat vehiclerelated fatalities . Join the debate on our facebook page. Visit facebook. Com newshour. Sreenivasan many people expected that the grand jury considering the Fatal Shooting of Michael Brown would have decided by now whether or not to indict the Police Officer who killed him. But its deliberations will continue tomorrow and maybe beyond. The newshours stephen fee is in ferguson where tension is building in anticipation of the grand jurys finding. On the grand jury to come back. Alongside west florrian avenue in ferguson this weekend, engaged in an impromptu dialogue. Whether they were good or bad people or not, the job is to help people. Paul mohammed and his wife founded the community group, peace keeper st. Louis. Shortly after the shooting of black teenager Michael Brown this august. The unrest in august, we thought above or between the police from keeping any more of our young people from getting hurt or getting ki