Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why were your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. From the tisch wnet studios at Lincoln Center in new york, hari sreenivasan. Sreenivasan good evening. Thanks for joining us. The fallout continues over President Trumps shifting remarks on last saturdays White Nationalist rally in charlottesville, virginia. Of 52 republican u. S. Senators, only one south carolinas tim scott appeared on any of the sunday morning news shows today, and his comments on the president were far from laudatory. This nation responds to moral authority, when we believe that our president has the entire nations best interests at heart. His comments on tuesday that erased his positive comments on monday started to compromise that moral authority that we need the president to have for this nation to be the beacon of light to all mankind. Sreenivasan republican Governor John Kasich of ohio appealed to those around the president to rein in his incendiary remarks. People around him have to get to him including his own family to say, okay. You need to show leadership. You need to bring the country together. Sreenivasan and former Obama AdministrationHomeland Security nfederate monuments. S posed by my concern as the former secretary of Homeland Security is we see White Nationalists now uh, neonazis using these symbols as rallying points modern day and that has to be addressed. Defense secretary james mattis said today that a reduction in u. S. Troops participating in joint military exercises with south korea this week is not related to increased tensions with north korea. More than seventeen thousand us troops are expected to be a part of the ulchi Freedom Guardian drills that start monday and last for ten days. 25,000 participated last year. North korea called the biannual exercises reckless behavior driving the situation into the uncontrollable phase of a nuclear war. For some perspective, i am joined from Denver Colorado by ambassador christopher hill, the chief u. S. Negotiator with north korea from 2005 until 2009, who has also served as u. S. Ambassador to south korea. Of unrelated, that we are decreasing the number of troops . Yeah, i think it is unrelated. I mean over the years weve had more troops and fewer troops. It kind of dendz what they ar depends what they are exercising. I think these are exercises that are aimed at protecting south korea and pursuant to the u. S. Commitment in the u. S. Republic of korea loinls wher alliance we to their protection if they are attacked. Sreenivasan this is clearly for them a source of some consternation every time they happen. Well maybe it isnt because yes they have complained about these exercises ever since they first started but they also know because they have pretty smart people looking at these things that these are defensively orient id exercises, work closely with our counterparts in connection with a north korean invasion. Sreenivasan give us a sense of the readiness that exists along the peninsula in japan and el where, obviously ratcheted up over the last couple of weeks and the firing of the test missiles in the first place. How ready and prepared are these countries to stop a missile that takes off from north korea to hit anyplace we care about . Antiballistic Missile Technology is not as sharp as that of ballistic Missile Technology, including the socalled thaad system, the terminal High Altitude defense team. Thought among those people that believe were about to be involved in a missile war with north korea let alone a nuclear war but we need to continue to upgrade these systems. Sreenivasan as we do these military drills how realistic is any kind of military option against the north considering how many people live in seoul just 35 miles from the border . To launch a socalled preemptprepreemtifer strike, noh korea is a pretty dug in country. Got all kinds of tunnels and places underground to store things. One, that would be pretty difficult. There are South Koreans in range of north korean artillery tubes and while we have tremendous antibattery capability, i dont want to be a north korean firing an artillery shell at the south because within seconds we would eliminate that installation. But nonetheless they would be able to get a number of these shots off and we would have rather substantial civilian casualties. And frankly wed be into a second korean war. Sreenivasan intor christopheambassador crifer chrl tharchghtsd so much. Sreenivasan read five things you should remember before you watch the Solar Eclipse on monday. Visit www. Pbs. Org newshour. Ntrasting appeals. Y died this the one and only jerry lewis, and a pioneer black artist, dick gregory. First, jerry lewis, who along with moviemate dean martin, and then by himself, ruled the Hollywood Box Office for years in the 50s and 60s with his zany, hypermanic, slapstick brand of humor. Lewis died today at his home in las vegas, after battling Health Problems for decades. Jerry lewis debuted at the age of five, singing brother, can you spare a dime in his parents vaudeville act. Together with martin, and later starring by himself, lewis was in more than 60 films. The martin and lewis team turned out 16 pictures together, including such hits as the caddy. What would you do without me . What would you do, boy . What would you do with you when im gone . Id sell my car and hock my ring and go right out and hire babing. Thats what id do without you, thats what id do. Sreenivasan others together included my friend irma, sailor beware, hollywood or bust, and more than a dozen others. After they parted ways in 1956, lewis continued on screen starring in films that became alltime comedy classics like the sad sack, the geisha boy, and dont give up the ship in the late 50s. Fourtyfour and a half degrees, left rudder no, make that fourtyfour and a third sixtytwo and twofifths right rudder sreenivasan they were followed in quick order by 196 bellboy, and the unforgettable the nutty professor three years later. The additive was specifically three parts carbon, five parts hydrogen, one part nitrogen, and three parts oxygen. Which, of course, is . Nitroglycerin. The results were . Negative. And . Noisy. Noisy . Sreenivasan the bellboy and the nutty professor also were some of the films lewis directed himself. While busy making films, lewis also found time to host the annual labor day muscular dystrophy telethon for more than 40 years, raising more than 1 billion to fight the disease. Even after his star waned in this country, lewis remained wildly popular in europe, especially in france, which awarded him the legion of honor in 1984. Lewis also battled personal demons. He was addicted to the painkiller percodan for more than a decade, to deal with chronic pain from his comedic pratfalls. In his last film appearance, lewis played nicolas cages father in the trust, released last year. Jerry lewis, hollywood legend, was 91 years old. And dick gregory, who helped break the comedy color barrier and then used laughter to morph into biting and satirical commentary on social and racial issues, died in washington last night after a short illness. Gregory emerged from poverty in st. Louis in the 1960s to find unconventional, unexpected fame as one of the first black standup comics that had crossover appeal with white audiences, paving the way for such other black comic greats as richard pryor. One of his big breaks came in 1961, when he found himself on the tonight show. Gregory was able to make people, white and black, laugh about sensitive race issues, once saying i gave the country a new way out healthy racial jokes baseball is a great sport for my people; its the only sport in the world in which a negro can shake a stick at a white man and not start a riot. Sreenivasan but comedy wasnt gregorys only passion. He would go on hunger strikes to protest the vietnam war, police brutality, native american rights and was frequently arrested. Gregory was shot in the leg while trying to defuse the watts riots in 1965. He can even be heard on beatle john lennons antiwar song, give peace a chance. And gregory also tried politics, running unsuccessfully for both mayor of chicago and for president of the United States in 1968. Gregory was still telling jokes on the comedy circuit until weeks before his death. Dick gregory was 84 years old. Sreenivasan tal afar is one of the last Islamic State strongholds in iraq, and u. S. Backed iraqi troops today launched the battle to retake it. Tal afar is about 50 miles west of mosul, which fell to iraqi forces only last month. Mosul was once home to more than one million people. But after three years of isis occupation and a brutal 9month battle to reclaim it, the city has been reduced to rubble. In tonights signature segment, newshour weekend special correspondent marcia biggs and videographer Alessandro Pavone went to mosul and its outskirts to hear the stories of those who survived the siege. A warning some viewers may find portions of this story disturbing. Reporter this is what is left of mosuls old city, the last stand of isis after a brutal ninemonth siege. Entire neighborhoods flattened by airstrikes, thousands dead under the rubble. And for those who escaped mosul alive, this is their foreseeable future. The United Nations estimates the battle for mosul displaced more than 700,000 civilians. Most are living in the 20 or so camps in the area, run by the iraqi and kurdish governments with support from the u. N. And aid agencies, sleeping in tents where temperatures reach 120 degrees fahrenheit. Shayma ali escaped mosul old city with her husband and three children. When we met her, she was too scared to show her face. She said during the ninemonth siege, there was no work, no food and constant shelling. Her family survived by eating birdseed and drinking rainwater. translated newborn babies were dying from hunger, and when we took the children to the isis hospital to get them some food, they told us, if they die, its for the sake of god. Those were very bad days. Reporter as the iraqi army fought to liberate her neighborhood, she says, isis fighters kept her family and six others as prisoners, trapped in one house. translated for five days, we were human shields in a house booby trapped by isis. The bombing was very violent. We lost many relatives. We lost my uncle and two of my cousins. We lost the hope to live. Reporter how did you handle this as a mother, how did you talk to your children about what was happening . translated i said to my children, lets pray to god, to get out of here and if we live, i will give you any food you want. Dont be afraid if i die or your father dies. Someone will give you food and take care of you. Reporter that constant fear of death had already defined three years of occupation under isis. This was once a Fountain Park in the middle of town. Theres a pharmacy, food shops, a mosque. Isis used a site for public execution iraqi soldiers, doctors who refused to treat isis fighters. All were brought her to be executed in front of a public forced to watch it on the big screen. These isis videos show public punishments routine in mosul. Shayma ali says isis executed her father, an iraqi policeman, and brutalized children simply for cursing. translated i swear they cut the head off a nineyear old. He was playing soccer and missed a goal, and he shouted, goddamn after that, isis went to his family and said we are sorry, but we killed the child to make an example of him. Reporter ali stopped sending her children to schools like this one taken over by isis, which used its curriculum to radicalize and indoctrinate children. These isis videos show children being taught about weapons and these are textbooks where tanks and guns were used as examples for math problems. Isis even forced some of the brainwashed children to become soldiers, calling them their cubs of the caliphate. 12 year old ahmed escaped that fate. Did you like school . Intabtheb madrasa . translated i like school, but i dont like school with those guys. They were telling us, writing down in the books that you need to be with us, carry weapons, and fight with us. If you should become a suicide bomber, you will go straight to heaven. Reporter ahmed stopped going school and like so many children of mosul he and his brother have not seen the inside of classroom in years. He says he feels safe now in the camp, but cant forget the horrors he witnessed. translated i saw them collect people, and they tortured and killed them. They stoned people to death. At night, i have nightmares where someone comes to capture and kill me. I wake up terrified and shouting. I will remember this forever. Reporter the memories haunt every family we met. Mahmud and his six children are also from mosuls old city. His eldest daughter, 17yearold rahma, once dreamed of being a doctor but school at 14 when her father married her off to a cousin. He hoped that might keep isis from kidnapping her. Isis executed her husband and dozens more in april, after they tried to escape the city. translated they arrested him, and then they paraded them all around mosul to scare people. They shot him in the head twice and then they dumped him in the river. Reporter two weeks later, the iraqi army told them it was safe to leave their homes. Their family and dozens of others were making their way to an army outpost when an isis suicide bomber tried to prevent them from escaping. Reporter he shouted where are you going . Are you going to the army . I will not let you. He knew that we were going to the army, so he blew himself up. Reporter his 14yearold daughter, saida, says all she can remember is the screaming of so many mothers and children. translated like a horror film. Children cut into two. Some of them had shrapnel in them and their mothers were dead in front of them. Reporter her mother and four other sisters were killed in the explosion, along with, they say, more than 70 others. The entire family suffered injuries. Fiveyearold isra still has shrapnel lodged in her head. She hasnt spoken or eaten much since the explosion. Tenyearold shelal lost his toes in the blast and is too embarrassed to play with the other boys in the camp. Saida is so traumatized by the murders of her mother and siblings, she rarely leaves the familys tent. Instead of going to schools set up in the camp, rahma, the eldest, now takes care of the family. translated i am their sister and their mother now. I teach them, clean them, take care of them. They remember my mom but they are trying to forget. Reporter some children are back in classes like these run by the n. G. O. Save the children. translated i want to be a teacher. Because i love School Reporter i want to be a teacher, this girl says, because i love school. This boy wants to be a photographer. It all seemed so normal, children talking about what they want to be when they grow up, until one girl asked me to take her picture. They shot my brother in the head, she said, still smiling for this photo. Agencies like save the children and unicef do what they can to help. But they say the need is overwhelming and especially challenging, because more than half of the mosul refugees are under the age of 18. What makes me awake sometimes at night is the possibility that we will witness lost generation. Reporter maulid warfa is unicefs chief officer in the region. We see children that are coming out from the area that are now retaken. Some of them are wounded, some of them are dehydrated, some of them are malnourished, some of them are unaccompanied. Its not one or the other; its all of them. Reporter unicef has been able to reunite over 1300 children with their families. So you still have over a thousand that are unaccompanied . Yes. And its not only those 1,000 that are already in the hands of case managers. And there could be many more that are coming. Reporter many of them are brought here, to mosul general hospital. Isis set fire to it when they left, yet it remains the only functioning hospital left in mosul. Surgeon Hassan Ibrahim says half of the 250 patients he sees every day are children. Many have obvious signs of malnutrition. translated all the time they eat nothing but grass and wheat seeds. Reporter this child was brought in with no parents. Reporter iraqi soldiers found seven year old ghalib all alone when his neighborhood was liberated, his arm fractured and his body riddled with burns and shrapnel. He was like the other thousands of children who arrive to hospitals with no family. But he was one of the lucky ones, shortly after our visit his mother found him. Here he is with his little sister. Doctors and nurses here are struggling to cope with few resources, staff, and medicine. This is their makeshift pharmacy. Many of mosuls sick and wounded cant even get to the hospital. In a village only two miles away, this woman says her young daughter has dysentery from the water but shes not been able to get her treated. She and others are clamoring at this Food Distribution site and say theyre starving. translated the warplanes destroyed our houses. We need electricity and water, we need our homes to be rebuilt we are in the middle of nowhere. Reporter back in the camps miles from mosul, the displaced like shayma ai say say their city may be liberated, but their home no longer exists. Do you have any idea what youre going to do now . translated our destiny is unknown. And its impossible to go back to mosul because our houses are gone. Our homes, our streets. There is no life in mosul. Our neighborhood in the old city is dead. Many people died. And the life, its dead. Sreenivasan on pbs newshour weekend next weekend. American businesses are not waiting for government to take their own action on climate change. 90 of walmarts overall Greenhouse Gas impact comes from its supply change and dozens of their suppliers have already signed on to project gigaton. Theyre hopin hoping it will haa megaeffect. Wung ever those suppliers acknowledge marsinc best known for m ms and snickers bars, eliminated all Greenh