Congo today to consider slowing or halting production which could affect thousands of workers aviation regulators ordered all Boeing $737.00 Max jet pulled from service back in March after the 2nd of 2 Macs crashes that killed 346 people and in a meeting last week the head of the f.a.a. Told Boeing c.e.o. That the plane will likely remain grounded well into next year pushing back against what the f.a.a. Says is Boeing's on realistic timeline for returning the plane to service Boeing already cut back production from a rate of $52.00 to $42.00 a month back in April cutting production further or halting it temporarily could result of thousands of Boeing employees being furloughed or laid off and it could force job cuts of Boeing suppliers to David Schaper n.p.r. News Chicago the u.s. Envoy on North Korea Steven began is appealing to that country to resume denuclearization talks N.P.R.'s Anthony Kuhn reports from Seoul that North Korea has set a deadline by the end of this year for the u.s. To make concessions begin dismissed Pyongyang's deadline but added that the North need not resort to hostilities in any event he said that the u.s. Has put forward plenty of constructive ideas on how to move forward with talks let me speak directly to our counterparts in North Korea. It is time for us to do our jobs let's get this done we are here and you know how to reach us North Korea says it conducted another test on Saturday at one of its satellite launch sites which it said would strengthen the country's nuclear deterrent Anthony Kuhn n.p.r. News Seoul You're listening to n.p.r. . F.b.i. Agents in Houston are questioning a person in connection with a mercury spill on Sunday dozens of people had to be decontaminated after Houston Fire officials found traces of the toxic material in 3 places the f.b.i. Says it's not naming the person at this time because they haven't been charged more than 2000 government business and u.n. Leaders are attending the 1st ever global refugee forum reports from Geneva the 3 day event seeks greater international support for people forcibly displaced a record 70800000 people are forcibly displaced by war conflict and persecution more than 25000000 are refugees un refugee spokesman says the forum seeks to change the world's piecemeal approach and how it deals with this placement and refugee issues it is about changing policies towards the future it is about a responsibility sharing with the world's largest refugee hosting missions like pledging places more places for resettlement the forum aims to generate long term commitments from governments and the private sector for refugees at a time when more and more nations are closing their doors to asylum seekers for n.p.r. News I'm Lisa shrine in Geneva people in New Zealand observe one minute of silence today marking the moment one week ago when a volcano exploded on one of its small islands at least 16 people have now died because of the eruption several others are critically injured 2 people remain missing and are believed to seized on core of a Coleman n.p.r. News in Washington support for n.p.r. Comes from n.p.r. Stations other contributors include the n.p.r. Shop where visitors can browse Public Radio nerd and n.p.r. Gear at npr dot org And the arc is foundation dedicated to the idea that people can live in harmony with one another and the natural world. Cascadia supported by the city of Cortez did you know that on average each citizen in Cortez uses 200 gallons of water per day go to City of Cortez dot com for upcoming events where you can learn to be more water wise and to learn about the water is our future campaign. And good morning and Happy Monday you're tuned into. Broadcasting throughout the 4 corners I'm Daniel rise in road conditions this morning throughout the high desert some icy and slick areas but the worst conditions will be up in the mountains such as on 145 north of Rico where chain and traction law is in effect it had pass we will be seeing a break from those weekend winter storms today though with mostly sunny skies forecasted across the region and highs of $31.00 in Cortez $27.00 in Monticello and 19 in Rico overnight more mostly clear skies but expect some even colder lows with a negative 7 in Rico 9 in Shiprock and around 0 in Cortez tonight. Right now though in current temperatures Rico is 0 degrees in Cortez variance Shiprock rather it's 13 and outside of our studios in downtown Cortez under mostly clear skies it's 11 degrees. At 7 o 7. It's Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm Noel King and I'm Steve Inskeep senators are preparing their turn in the impeachment process the House votes on 2 articles of impeachment this week and if that vote goes as expected the next step would be a trial before the Senate in January the presiding judge would be the Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts and the jury is the $100.00 members of the Senate unlike ordinary jurors they set the rules they vote on which witnesses they want to hear and Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer has requested for they include Acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and former national security adviser John Bolton Senator Schumer is on the line now good morning good morning nice to talk to you know welcome back to the program why these for Well look 1st and foremost this is an enormously weighty and solemn responsibility and we send Senate Democrats believe that the trial has to be fair and it's important that the American people judge it to be fair and so there is lots of evidence that the House presented but these 4 witnesses have direct knowledge of why the aid to Ukraine was delayed there is no reason not to have them I haven't heard of a single good reason not to have them other than people are afraid of what they might say well the White House of course has claimed executive privilege and said that they will not not send them over and John Bolton who's out of the White House has said he wants a court to decide whether he should go well here's the bottom line this has to be a fair trial and there are a good number of my Republican colleagues who have said that you know they need more evidence there are no better people in presenting this evidence than this so our Republican colleagues Leader McConnell and the president have 2 choices do they want to get all the evidence out or do they want to hide the evidence resist letting the facts come out and basically engage in a cover up this is very serious stuff Steve and these witnesses have direct knowledge and I haven't heard of a single reason why they shouldn't testify No I don't know maybe their evidence will be exculpatory but to exclude them. Gives the appearance at least and maybe more people are very afraid of what they might say What are they hide as you know Senator Mitch McConnell has warned of mutual assured destruction here that if there are witnesses on one side there would be on the other are you willing to accept some of the witnesses that Republicans want they for example some of them anyway would like to hear from Joe Biden's son Hunter Biden and pursue the conspiracy theories that the president was pursuing inside Ukraine Well again we want witnesses who will focus on what the facts that the House presented are I have haven't heard of a single fact that Hunter Biden might know that are relevant to the house charges you know with the Senators Lindsey Graham or others want to go do their own independent hearings find but don't be smirch a very solemn proceeding our documents here is based on the 99 rules where there were witnesses Republicans voted for witnesses a limited number and they're based on the facts that the House presented if people don't want to hear these witnesses and instead try to put these shiny objects of conspiracy theories that have no basis in fact I don't think the American people want that so my appeal I'm sending this letter this morning to all the 100 senators I believe Republican senators will think that this is a fair proposal I'm certainly willing to listen to Mitch McConnell to alternatives but the idea that they can bring in this one or that one for political purposes who have nothing to do nothing to do with the specific facts that the House has alleged and will vote on this week is is demeaning to the entire process and I don't think the American people will stand for it Emily my belief is that some Republican senators won't stand for it either now Mitch McConnell was on Fox News over the weekend and has talked about the way that he intends to conduct this trial or or influence this trial of course is presided over by John Roberts but you need 51 senators to set. The rules here's something that McConnell says everything I do during this isn't coordinating with the White House council no way no difference between the president has Asian our position as to how to handle this Ok To be honest that doesn't sound impartial at all Senator but Republicans have said Democrats are just committed just as committed against the president is that correct we're committed to a fair trial where the facts come out and we're willing we don't know what these witnesses will say but whatever they say they should be heard from and Mitch McConnell when he says he's going to do just what the president wants it's sort of like a juror conspiring with a defendant makes no sense that's not what a fair trial is about and what I tried to do in this letter and what we Democrats are trying to do is lay out for all of the Republican senators as well as the American people what a fair fair trial would be we're not interested in dilatory tactics we're not interested in come introducing our own conspiracy theories just the facts ma'am and that's what these 4 witnesses will produce of course it is a little different than a jury trial because it is a political process involving people who are supposed to defend an institution but are also partisans I do have a question though about your institutional role here I understand that senators Democratic senators want to defend the institution of Congress which the president refused to cooperate with but there's another institution here the institution of the presidency as you must know Senator in 2 previous impeachments of presidents both times the presidents were on the face of it Guilty as charged but both times enough senators decided it would be unwise for the country to remove him Do you worry that it would damage the presidency if you were to remove this president well 1st the facts must come out and 2nd if a president can so abuse power and he is not stopped will he do it again and even in a worse way will you. Sure presidents do it even more I think the danger here is the balance of powers and the checks on the president this president has shown a desire for almost undiminished power more than any other so I worry much more about the overreach of the president and a diminishment of the president you want to sure that this is serious enough to warrant not only rebuking the president some way but removing him from office I'm not making a final decision I want to hear the facts I think most of my Democratic colleagues want to hear the facts as well I think many of my Republican colleagues want to hear the facts as well this is an attempt to be fair if you look at this objectively it is right down the middle equal time for both sides nothing dilatory you know there's an American expression speedy but fair justice that's what this letter b. Speaker are you know are you very well Jerry I think you got to run Steve Ok Senator thanks so much bye bye that's Chuck Schumer the Democratic leader in the Senate and N.P.R.'s Mara Liasson was listening along to that Mara what did you hear there well I heard Chuck Schumer trying to make a distinction between the witnesses that Trump wanted to call like Hunter and Joe Biden and then the witnesses that the president has refused to allow to testify you know the fact that the president made the ask he asked the Ukrainian president to investigate the Bidens that's established but Republicans complained that what wasn't established was the quid pro quo questions about the delayed aid they said we didn't have a lot of direct evidence about that so now Chuck Schumer is saying well let's call the people who would have direct evidence about that delayed aide what the president said about it and wanted to to to do about it and that's why he's asking for these 4 witnesses including the former national security adviser John Bolton and the acting chief of staff Mick Mulvaney and he's saying look at the call is. Perfect and there was no quid pro quo than these witnesses will tell us that why not let them testify that's that's the the strong argument that he's making what we don't know is how much McConnell will respond and we should note about the senator's abrupt departure there he promised a 7 minutes and gave exactly that and went away I do have to ask though what is the circumstance under which Chuck Schumer would get his way does he have to win some Republicans over to his side in order to get the witnesses that he wants Yes or he just makes a deal with Mitch McConnell I mean that's usually how these rules are worked out the Democratic leader in the Republican leader work out the rules as he said they did in 1990 for the Clinton trial Ok so it's so this is this letter that Chuck Schumer is sending is part of a negotiation right Mara thanks so much thank you that's N.P.R.'s Mara Liasson. On college campuses across India students are demonstrating today there's been almost a week of protests over a new Indian citizenship law it offers amnesty to migrants who are not Muslim critics say it discriminates against Muslims N.P.R.'s Lauren Frayer reports that in the capital New Delhi The protests have gotten violent. They're following him to the gallows more than 200 people were injured when Delhi Police stormed the campus of Jamey Emilia University last night they fired tear gas and beat students with batons dormitories were evacuated videos posted to social media show bloodied students fleeing into a library in a men's restroom the university's vice chancellor now. Told reporters she's filing a police report against police. Getting it is still quite a way high everything going to damage property can be recovered but the emotional toll this has taken on our kids cannot be repaired she said the citizenship Amendment Act passed by parliament last week offers amnesty to undocumented migrants from 3 Muslim majority countries that neighbor India Pakistan Afghanistan and Bangladesh to be eligible the person has to be a persecuted really just minority a Buddhist Christian or Hindu for example and not a Muslim the government says India should be a refuge for those minorities but critics say that by excluding Muslims this citizenship offer violates India's constitution but it was Ok at a protest today in Mumbai students read aloud the Constitution's preamble which defines India as a secular democratic republic Prime Minister Narendra Modi a Hindu nationalist tweeted that no Indian has anything to worry about with this new law but he also made a comment at a political rally last night. One of. Those behind these violent tests can be identified by their clothes the prime minister said seemed to suggest that anyone in Muslim attire was a suspect India has one of the world's largest Muslim populations about 180000000 people who many believe are increasingly disenfranchised under Modis government Lauren Frayer n.p.r. News Mumbai. This is n.p.r. News this is Morning Edition and. Good to have you tuned in or ever you are in the 4 corners of this morning. Exposure to light is sometimes used to treat depression in seasonal affective disorder and now a doctor in Arizona is using light therapy to treat patients with migraines this is a whole new field and we're just scratching the surface and the implications can be really significance coming up using light to treat pain you'll hear that story from N.P.R.'s will stone in 2 minutes and after that you'll hear about how vague bin use among high school students is rising and that's likely driving an increase in nicotine use the teenagers who may be more likely to get hooked are those with 80 h.d. Both of those stories in the next few minutes here on k s j. K s trade he is supported by contributing listeners and by top line installers proud supporters of community radio specializing in commercial roofing applications throughout the 4 corners area more information at top line installers dot com top line installers and crafting lasting relationships and roofs since 1906 in road conditions this morning throughout the high desert you might encounter some slick patches especially if you're headed east from make a sun 160 the worst conditions this morning though will be up in the mountains especially as you had north of Rico on 145 for chain and traction Ma is in effect as it had pass it's 720 as a sustaining member of k s j d and the sometime a theatre you know that your money is helping to keep the news music and programming that you rely on every day wait you're not sure if you're sustaining gift is still current no problem we're happy to help you get back on track. At 970-564-9727. To renew your sustaining support or to become a sustainer go to k s j d o r g now thank you board for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from Zoom Zoom offers cloud video conferencing online meetings and a video conference room solution in one platform featuring digital video and audio with screen sharing account registration and more at Zoom dot us from the Lemelson foundation committed to improving lives through invention in the u.s. And in developing countries and working to inspire and enable the next generation of inventors more information is available at Lemelson dot org from the Carnegie Corporation of New York supporting innovations in education democratic and Gage mint and the advancement of international peace and security more information is available online at Carnegie dot org And from Americans for the Arts. It's Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm Steve Inskeep and I'm Noel King good morning doctors often treat depression and seasonal affective disorder with light therapy it's where patients are exposed to an artificial light source Now some researchers are testing whether another kind of light therapy one that relies on the color green can help with chronic pain will stone has a story and Jones had tried everything short of surgery for her migraines which have plagued her since she was a child they have actually gotten worse in my old age to the point where Jones who's 70 was up to 24 migraines a month it was pretty debilitating then her doctor mentioned a study that was taking place in her hometown of Tucson Arizona researchers were testing if daily exposure to green light could relieve chronic pain her initial thought this is going to be one more thing that doesn't work but she enrolled in the study anyways each day she'd spend 2 hours in a dark room under the glow of a green l.e.d. Light for more than a month she didn't notice much then a big shift the migraines came less often and they weren't as intense I got to the point where I was having about 4 migraines a month if that many I felt like I'd just been cut free that outcome is what Dr Mo have Ybor him hopes for he's the one leading the study but you can decrease the intensity. Increase it in his pain clinic at the University of Arizona Ybor him gives a quick demo of his device a strip of green l.e.d. Lights mounted onto a thin vertical stand he likes the simplicity the most ideal drug or therapy is something that's safe effective and affordable Still it's an unlikely approach for Abraham he's an anesthesiologist with a ph d. In pharmacology drugs are his tools there was a healthy dose of skepticism because it was kind of strange where using light