during the late spring and summer of 2019 i became alarmed as those efforts bore fruit. they led to the ouster of ambassador yovanovitch and hampered u.s. efforts to establish rapport with the new zelensky administration in ukraine. >> first of all, we're calling kiev kyiv now. we learned that today. rudy giuliani's role in ukraine policy was on full display on just this day one of hearings. we also heard from ambassador bill taylor about that irregular policy-making channel on ukraine that involved a number of players including rudy giuliani. >> i encountered an irregular, informal channel of u.s. policy-making with respect to ukraine, unaccountable to congress. a channel that included then special envoy kurt volker, u.s. ambassador to the european union gordon sondland, secretary of energy rick perry, white house chief of staff mick mulvaney, and as a subsequently learned, mr. giuliani. >> on that note we welcome andrea bernstein back to the