The john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation, committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org. Park foundation, dedicated to heightening Public Awareness of critical issues. The kohlberg foundation. Barbara g. Fleischman. And by our sole corporate sponsor, mutual of america, designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why were your retirement company. Welcome. Even if youre in denial, and i hope youre not you know about Climate Change. Everyone can see the wildfires and drought in california. The fatal flash floods in arizona. The punch of a hurricane pounding mexicos baja coast, the strongest in nearly 50 years, battering locals and trapping tourists in their hotels. These disasters are made more powerful by global warming, and its only going to get worse for us and for future generations. Unless we act now. Thats why more than 120 World Leaders are coming to new york city next tuesday for the u. N. s global summit on climate trying yet again to provoke governments to get on with it reduce those Carbon Emissions that are heating up the atmosphere, before its too late. So here in new york, in the days leading up to the summit, theres a lot happening to keep the u. N. On point. The peoples climate march, perhaps the largest ever, with over 1,000 organizations behind it. A threeday gathering of religious leaders at Union Theological seminary on what the National Catholic reporter calls the number one prolife issue of our time, Climate Change. And on monday, there will be a mass sitin on wall street aimed at fossil fuel extractors and the investors who love them. But of all the people here for these events, theres one in particular i wanted you to meet. Kelsey juliana is her name, and i learned about her because shes part of an unusual legal effort to slow down global warming. Kelsey lives in oregon, where a law professor named Mary Christina wood, author of this book, natures trust, has created a legal strategy to the basic notion goes all the way back to ancient rome, and it says that government holds in public trust for all its citizens the resources they need to survive, and can be held accountable if it fails to protect those resources for future generations. And thats how Kelsey Juliana wound up in court at age 15. Yes, 15. [ownvuc even as a teenager s nnown for her environmental activism. Frankly, it came naturally to her. Her parents met in the 90s when they were protesting the destruction of old growth forests by the logging industry. Kelsey followed in their footsteps. She agreed to be one of two plaintiffs in a suit claiming b the state of oregon was not doing all it could to protect their future by reducing global warming. The first judge said his court didnt have jurisdiction to resolve the issue, but the oregon court of appeals found merit in the case and told the lower court, try again. While the Legal Process creeps forward, kelsey has turned 18, graduated from high school and is walking across the country in the great march for Climate Action that started in fs4r los angeles and will end up in washington d. C. On november 1st. Kelsey, welcome. Thank you, bill. Did you personally explore this Public Trust Doctrine . Did you want to know what it was about . To be honest, when i first got invited to be on the case in my own state, i was going into freshman year of high school. I had a lot of things on my plate, on my mind. And when i got the call, you know, would you like to be a plaintiff for this lawsuit, i 4i i didnt know all the legal terms. I didnt know what it really meant. The thing that caught with me is, you are doing this to protect Natural Resources and the environment for your generation, for your friends, and for your future generations. You know, its also an honor. Its an honor to be a plaintiff on a lawsuit. Because its a movement that im a part of. Its in no way my lawsuit. Im just a representative, you know, of the people of oregon. But at 15, you shouldve been reading the hunger games, right . I mean, not legal briefs, not delving into the Public Trust Doctrine. Blame it on my parents, you know . How so . They brought me up with this. You know, people always ask, when did i start this . If you really want to track it down, my first rally, i believe i was two months old. When i was in middle school i was known as the eco girl, the girl who would run down the hallway in my school and turn off all the lights, you know. Things like that. Do some of your friends in high school think youre weird . No. They seem to all support me but not join me. Which is almost worse than not supporting me, you know, because they get it. And they dont do anything. And to why that is, i understand. Hey, we have college we need to think about. We have s. A. T. s we have soccer practice. We have to make an impression for our College Admissions office. You know, we have so many things in the immediate future, and Climate Change is such a longterm thing to think about. And even though, yes, we are seeing the effects of Climate Change today, yesterday, a lot of the places that were seeing climate, like, really horrible Climate Chaos is in impoverished places or third world countries. So, you know, these places of privilege, its hard to see the effects truly. Because were just were know, i can go to the coast and i see the effects very clearly. And the starfish are actually dying off on the oregon coast this summer. They have been dying off because his summer. Linking to increased temperatures and whatnot. And, you know, were seeing erosion on the coastlines, and were seeing effects in our mountains. I mean, you can definitely, if you look, truly, you can see the connections. But you can also totally turn a blind eye if you want to. Morals, these values, of putting, you know, the earth on an equal platform as myself, caring for others, caring for, that includes future generations. So, you know, when i was approached with the public trust lawsuit, it wasnt oly, like,4 new for me. The law professor who has developed this theory in its more modern garb, Mary Christina wood, says its because the Government Agencies that are supposed to protect our Natural Resources have been captured by corporate raiders and lobbyists, that these agencies treat these industries as their clients instead of the public. Do you think thats right . I think, unfortunately, we do have a lot of corruption, a lot of money, a lot of greed that influences most of our governmental decisions. So i do think thats right. And thats why were going to the courts, to hold the legislature accountable. Public trust states that the government is a trustee to protect these Natural Resources that every living species, including humans, rely upon for jah wellbeing. And so the public trust says, government, we hold you, we trust you to put these resources, air, water, land, you know, to protect them for this generation and for many generations down the line. So kelsey, why do you think this Public Trust Doctrine applies to the atmosphere . I think it makes perfect sense. You know, were protecting a forest here, the ocean here, this here. Okay, well, save yourself some time. That the atmosphere is just the allencompassing resource that everything depends on, every life force. So to kind of not hold that in protection, to let that be exploited and polluted, it goes against our rights. And its not just. You remember how you felt when the first judge turned thumbs down . o yeah. And yet, i wasnt totally shocked. The, you know my disappointment comes from my really, my disbelief. How can you not how can you not say yes . How can you not see the importance . How can you not feel compelled to do something . You know, first, because its an extremely important issueo,un. An its the most relevant issue, social justice, Environmental Justice issue, of this time, and because were kids. I mean, thats what i really dont understand. I think theres so much power in having youth stand in court and saying, will you please, you know, protect this vital resource, i would say one of the most vital resources, for me and for my children . I think thats so powerful. And so to have someone decline that is just i dont understand. I dont understand it. Sc do you think this will get to the Supreme Court ultimately . Do you think you stand a chance with john roberts, clarence thomas, antonin scalia, samuel alito and anthony kennedy, all of whom basically believe that its the politicians, the state legislature, who should resolve these issues . I have optimism that this will go through. In my own state, you know, we got dismissed from the trial court. The judge said it wasnt in his jurisdiction to, you know, follow through with the case. We appealed. And the court of appeals turned it around and said, no. This is you know, the court has every right to follow through. This is in the courts power. The whole theory about having lawsuits and legal actions in, you know, throughout the states, and there are international cases as well, is that we hope itll be what we call a domino effect. You know, a win here will hopefully influence allxaeg] 9 across the states. Because really, it just takes one brave judge to say, yes, so how did you feel when the court of appeals said, gave you a Second Opinion . You know, it was the last day of high school for me. And senior year, so huge celebration. And also, i had a news story coming out that morning as well on the local npr station about me going on the great march for Climate Action. And so it was a big morning. And i got an email the night before saying await the results from the court the next morning. And so i woke up, got ready for school. The news story came on the radio about me going on the march. And then, like, five minutes later, i got a phone call saying that the court of appeals said yes. And were going back to court. And i looked to my mom. And we both just cried and cried and cried. It was one of the most exciting and happy moments of my life. It was just so what happens now . So now we go back to the same judge. We go back to the trial court again and, probably with different points, in a way, start over but now with the recognition that the courts, you know, do have power. And they do have a responsibility to follow through with this case. . W you turned 18 this year. You can now vote. , good question. You know, its funny. Most of my spiel leading up to when i was 18 was, im just a kid. I cant vote. I dont have money to put into lobbyists and organizations, et cetera. So you know, i have to go on lawsuit, to be in a lawsuit. Or i have to go to the street to get my voice heard. And now i can vote. And the funniest thing is, when i turned 18, that wasnt really, it doesnt nothing really felt different. I think we absolutely should vote. I also think you shouldnt vote for people who dont talk about climate issues. But i think that you should, in no way, stop there. You know, voting is one way to express your voice. Its a right that every citizen above the age of 18 has. So therefore, i think you should take full use of it. But you know, voting is sort of like clicking yes to a petition online. Its an awesome step. Im glad you took the time. But we can do so much more. We have so many rights and so many freedoms in this country. I really think we should take full advantage of that. Thats why im on the great what kind of people have you been meeting . The most incredible people, < the most inspiring people p7[ farmers, ranchers, mothers, students really, i would say, average american citizens. Its really been enlightening to pass through nebraska and iowa, especially, and have republican ranchers be the ones who are stepping up the most. Because the keystone xl is going to go right through their farm, the farm that theyve had for generations and generations. So it really will affect its a landowners Rights Problem as well as anything else. And thats something that i wasnt really expecting. I flew into nebraska thinking, oh, gosh. What am i going to expect here, walking on dusty roads through cornfields and cornfields and cornfields . Weve been staying in all these what i would say is, you know, i guess the thing that i know is my own story. So i guess i can start there. March instead of going to school as a freshman, instead of pursuing my other interests . And the thing is, it would be really easy and really gratifying, for me to go and i look at the climate march and think, well, thats an awesome movement. I totally support it. But i have these other priorities. And then i took a step back. Wait a second. Kelsey, if youre someone who knows all the issues, has cared deeply and passionately about these issues since you were born, and youre not going to take the initiative to really, really get uncomfortable and take a stand, how can i expect other people to . Why are you uncomfortable doing it . m9szy well, theres the very tangible. Wet tent with a Lightning Storm going on. And i have to wake up at 4 30 in the morning. 0eazpobv pr t hahp and then theres the also uncomfortable, im frustrated. Im furious. Why am i walking . Im tired. I want to be doing this right now. K]j i just want some food right nowl you know, i dont think this is going to do anything. Are we going to have an impact . All these questions happen all, you know, i ask myself, what will this really do . Good question. What does a march do other than i think the most beautiful thing about the march is that issues from people across the country. And the coolest thing is that were going to carry them to d. C. And stand in front of the white house and say, Climate Change is an issue. It affects all of us. How do we know . Because we have walked across the country. We have been from los angeles, through the midwest, through chicago. We have heard the stories. We have seen the effects across the country. So we know, because we are sharing the stories of people that we have personally met. And i think thats very powerful. What are some of the changes you would like to see us make . You know, we can recycle. We can buy local. We can do all these really basic things that we have been saying for years. And thats, bravo if you do that, if you as an individual take the initiative to be more green. Its not good enough. Its really not good enough. Ckq i think what we need from the government is to make laws, andr to limit the amount of co2 thati corporations can emit, and to really stop using fossil fuels. Find renewable sources of energy. Its ridiculous. We have the sun. We have wind. Im so happy to see in iowa so many wind turbines. Like, lets use these Natural Resources that we have. We have the technology. We have the knowledge. But i think on a people level, you know, what can we do . We can really start using our voices and using our bodies. On the march weve been talking a lot about civil disobedience. Theres only so much talking, so much discussion, so many letter writing that you can do before you need to just put your body out there and, you know, stand in front of a coal train, which people, marchers have done. Can you summarize the most important thing youve learned from marching that you didnt expect to learn . Well, you know, even though im only 18, for most of my life, the actions i take today are, you know, with my future children in mind. You want to be a mother. And oh my gosh, absolutely. You think this is a Healthy World in which to raise children . I noqec i mean, yes, it in a way it is. e you know, we have children on the march. We have a 3yearold, a 6yearold, a 9year old. And we did have a 12yearold. He went back to school. Lf i mean, its so wonderful to see them walking with us. And they talk about the issues incredibly well for a 6yearold and a 9yearold. They know whats going on. But i just think, you know, if im worried now about having children, i cant imagine 10, 20 years from now like the life that theyll take. The worries that will be on me when im a mother will just be n incredible, and because of Climate Change. Because of Climate Change. Because . Because the thing about Climate Change is that it is, you know, id say its a lot like, were looking to the yi environment for the effects of Climate Change. Were looking at extreme weather changes, droughts, floods. You know, there was a flash flood in phoenix, arizona. There is a drought in california. I mean, you cant deny the effects of Climate Change. But a lot of people do. A lot of people do. I guess the connection that im making is that ive been looking at Climate Change and the Environmental Movement as purely environmental. And something thats really enlightened me is looking at it as in the humanity sense. Looking at it through the effects of, that Climate Change is having on people. The first moment i dealt with this was when i was first filing my lawsuit. And all of the questions about why i was on the lawsuit were very personal. They were, i felt, selfish. Why do you care about Climate Change . Because i wont be able to do these recreational activities, because we wont be able to eat these seafoods. And i thought, no, thats not why i care. Those are all selfish reasons. I care because polar bears are dying. I care because, you know, these bioregions are falling apart. No, something that is valid and important to recognize is that Climate Change is a selfish issue. It is totally okay to look