Messages. speaking arabic hes basically saying, america and American People, were coming, and youre going to feel it. He wants to avenge his dad. Heres what landing on mars looked like. And the reaction at mission control. Touchdown confirmed. cheering ever since the landing, the rover named curiosity has been sending back stunning pictures of the martian surface, joining a fleet of satellites and rovers taking pictures of giant craters; windcarved ridges; an avalanche of sand pouring down a mountain. Tonight, the latest from mars. Im steve kroft. Im lesley stahl. Im Bill Whitaker. Im anderson cooper. Im holly williams. Im scott pelley. Those stories, tonight on 60 minutes. burke at farmers, weve seen almost everything, so we know how to cover almost anything. Even a coupe soup. [woman] so beautiful. [man] beautiful just like you. [woman] oh, why thank you. [burke] and we covered it, november sixth, twothousandnine. Talk to farmers. We know a thing or two because weve seen a thing or two. We are farmers. Bumpadum, bumbumbumbum people would ask me that we traveled,ntries what is your nationality and i would always answer hispanic. So when i got my ancestry dna results im from all nations. It puts a hunger in your heart to want to know more. Coppertone sport versus the sun. Coppertone sport stays on strong when you sweat and is Strong Enough to stop up to 98 of the suns damaging uv rays. Coppertone. Because protection matters. Im karen, im a teacher. Olfer. My Psoriatic Arthritis caused joint pain. Just like my moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis. And i was worried about joint damage. My doctor said joint pain from ra can be a sign of existing joint damage that could only get worse. He prescribed enbrel to help relieve pain and help stop further damage. Enbrel may lower your ability to fight infections. Serious, sometimes fatal, events including infections, tuberculosis, lymphoma, other cancers, nervous system and blood disorders, and allergic reactions have occurred. Tell your doctor if youve been someplace where fungal infections are common, or if youre prone to infections, uts or sores, have had hepatitis b, have been treated for Heart Failure, or if you have persistent fever, bruising, bleeding, or paleness. Dont start enbrel if you have an infection like the flu. Joint pain and damage. Can go side by side. Ask how enbrel can help relieve joint pain and help stop joint damage. Enbrel, fda approved for 18 years. Pelley this past week, the president decided to fire the director of the f. B. I. Just as james comey was leading the investigation into whether associates of President Trump colluded with russia to tip the election. Comey, known for his integrity, angered both parties. Democrats say he cost Hillary Clinton the presidency when he announced just before election day that the f. B. I. Was investigating whether she mishandled classified emails. Last monday, President Trump called the russia investigation a taxpayerfunded charade. The next day, mr. Trumps Justice Department recommended that comey be fired. James comey gave us his first indepth interview as director in 2014. He was one year into a tenyear term, and donald trump had not yet announced his candidacy. But even back then, the concerns on comeys mind were what america is debating today. James comey i believe that americans should be deeply skeptical of government power. You cannot trust people in power. The founders knew that. Thats why they divided power among three branches, to set interest against interest. Pelley with regard to privacy and civil liberties, what guarantee are you willing to give to the American People . Comey the promise ive tried to honor my entire career that the o of the founders, right, the oversight of courts and the oversight of congress will be at the heart of what the f. B. I. Does, the way youd want it to be. Pelley does the f. B. I. Gather electronic surveillance that is then passed to the National Security agency . Comey thats one of those things i dont know whether i can talk about that in an open setting, so i. I better not start to go down that road with you. Pelley you have said, we shouldnt be doing anything that we cant explain. But these programs are top secret. The American People cant see them and you cant explain them. Comey right. We cant explain everything to everybody, or the bad guys will find out what our capabilities are, both nations and individuals. What i mean is i need to be able to explain it either directly to the American People or to their elected representatives, which we do extensively with congress. Pelley there is no surveillance without court order . Comey by the f. B. I. . No. We dont do elec pelley you know that some people are going to roll their eyes when they hear that . Comey yeah, but we cannot read your emails or listen to your calls without going to a federal judge, making a showing of probable cause that you are a terrorist, an agent of a foreign power, or a serious criminal of some sort, and get permission for a limited period of time to intercept those communications. It is an extremely burdensome process, and i like it that way. Pelley thats a principle over which james comey is willing to sacrifice his career. He proved it in 2004 when he was Deputy Attorney general. Comey was asked to reauthorize a package of top secret warrantless surveillance targeting foreign terrorists. But comey told us significant aspects of the massive program were not lawful. He wouldnt be specific because its still top secret. This was not something you were willing to stand for . Comey no, i was the Deputy Attorney general of the United States. We were not going to authorize, reauthorize, or participate in activities that did not have a lawful basis. Pelley at the time, comey was in charge at the Justice Department because attorney general John Ashcroft was in intensive care with nearfatal pancreatitis. When comey refused to sign off, the president s chief of staff, andy card, headed to the hospital to get ashcrofts okay. You got in a car with lights and sirens and raced to the hospital to beat the president s chief of staff there . Comey yep, raced over there, ran up the stairs, got there first. Pelley what did you tell the attorney general, lying in his hospital bed . Comey not much, because he was very, very bad off. I tried to see whether he was oriented as to place and time, and it was clear to me that he wasnt. I tried to have him understand what this was about. And it wasnt clear to me that he understood what i was saying, so i sat down to wait. Pelley to wait for andy card, the president s f House Counsel gonzales. Pelley they spoke to attorney general ashcroft and said that the program should be reauthorized, and you were there to argue that it should not be. How did it end . Comey with the attorney general surprising me, shocking me by pushing himself up on his elbows, and, in very strong terms, articulating the merits of the matter. And then saying, but. But that doesnt matter because im not the attorney general. And then, he turned to me and pointed and said, theres the attorney general. And then he fell back, and they turned and left. Pelley youd won the day . Comey yeah, i didnt feel that way. Pelley how did you feel . Comey probably a little sick, and a little sense of unreality that this was happening. Pelley the next day, some in the white house tried to force the authorization through a different way, so comey wrote a letter of resignation to the president , calling the situation apocalyptic and fundamentally wrong. He left the letter on his desk, and he and f. B. I. Director Robert Mueller went to the white house to resign. Comey yeah. We stood there together, waiting to go meet the president , looking out at the rose garden, both of us knowing this was our last time there and the end of our government careers. Pelley wasnt it your responsibility to support the president . Comey no. No, my responsibility, i took an oath to support and defend the constitution of the United States. Pelley this was something the president wanted to go forward with. And you were standing in front of the president of the United States telling him he shouldnt do it, and if he did, youd quit. Do i have that right . Comey i dont think i expressly threatened to quit at any point. But that was understood. Pelley president bush was persuaded. The program that weve discussed, as i understand it, was in fact reauthorized, but in a modified form . It was made to conform to the law, in your estimation . Comey yes. Pelley help me understand the principle at stake here that caused you to write a letter of resignation, to rush to the attorney generals bedside, to tell the president that he couldnt have what he wanted, and to face down the president s chief of staff. What was it that motivated that . Comey the rule of law. Simple as that. Pelley hes been a federal prosecutor most of his career. In 2003, president bush appointed him Deputy Attorney general, number two at the Justice Department. But after two years, he left for private industry, telling his wife that it was her turn to do what she wanted. Then, the phone rang. Comey the attorney general called and asked me if i was willing to be interviewed for fbi director. And the truth is, i told him i didnt think so, that i thought it was too much for my family; but that i would sleep on it and call him back in the morning. And so, i went to bed that night convinced i was going to call him back and say no. Pelley what happened . Comey i woke up, and my amazing wife was gone. And i found her down in the kitchen on the computer, looking at homes in the d. C. Area, which was a clue. And she said, ive known you since you were 19. This is who you are. This is what you love. Youve got to say yes. And then, she paused and said, but theyre not going to pick you anyway, so just go down there and do you best. And then well have no regrets. Pelley at least you would have tried. Comey right. Pelley so, you met with the president. Comey i did. Pelley what happened . Comey had to give my wife some bad news, that her confidence in them not picking me was misplaced. Pelley what did the president say about what goes through his mind when picking an f. B. I. Director . Comey the president s view is that its. Has to be someone who is competent and independent to protect this institution. Pelley you say that the president wanted independence from his f. B. I. Director, but the Justice Department answe comey it does, but it has to maintain a sense of independence from the Political Forces i dont mean that as. As a pejorative term but the Political Forces in the executive branch. And thats why the director is given a tenyear term, so that it is guaranteed that youll spend president ial administrations to make sure that youre leading it in a way thats not. Thats not influenced by the political winds. Pelley we talked with comey, who is 68, at his headquarters in washington. In technology, the cutting edge cuts both ways, and comey told us hes worried now that apple and google have the power to upend the rule of law. Until now, a judge could order those companies to unlock a criminal suspects phone. But their new software makes it impossible for them to crack a code set by the user. Comey the notion that we would market devices that would allow someone to place themselves beyond the law troubles me a lot. As a country, i dont know why we would want to put people beyond the law that is, sell cars with trunks that couldnt ever be opened by Law Enforcement with a court order, or sell an apartment that could never be entered, even by Law Enforcement. Would you want to live in that neighborhood . This is a similar concern. The notion that people have devices, again, that, with court orders based on a showing of probable cause in a case involving kidnapping or Child Exploitation or terrorism, we could never open that phone . My sense is that weve gone too far when weve gone there. Pelley the f. B. I. Is spending a lot of its time online these days. This is a new cybercrime headquarters that the public hasnt seen before. We agreed to keep the location secret. They call it cywatch, and it pulls in resources from the c. I. A. , n. S. A. , and others. Comeys agents are running down leads in the theft of government data. Often in cases like that, the suspects are overseas. Cyberspace, where do you put the handcuffs . Comey its too easy for those criminals to think that i can sit in my basement halfway around the world and steal everything that matters to an american. And its a freebie, because im so far away. Pelley a lot of those people are operating in countries where theyre not going to be given up to the United States russia, china, elsewhere. Comey yep, a challenge that we face, so we try to approach that two ways. One, work with all foreign nations to try and have them understand that its in nobodys interest to have criminal thugs in your country, and second, again, to look to lay hands on them if they leave those safe havens to impose a real cost on them. We want them looking over their shoulders when theyre sitting at the keyboard. Pelley when the phone rings in the middle of the night, which im sure it does, whats your first thought . Comey something has blown up. Yeah. Pelley its terrorism that concerns you the most, even after all we said about cyber comey yeah, i think thats right, because its terrorism that can have the most horrific, Immediate Impact on innocent people. Pelley james comey has kept a memo on his desk to remind him of unchecked government power. Marked secret, its a 1963 request from f. B. I. Director j. Edgar hoover titled Martin Luther king, jr. Security matter communist. Hoover requests authority for technical surveillance of king. The approval is signed by attorney general robert kennedy. And there was no court order. It was the signature of the f. B. I. Director and the signature of the attorney general . Comey yep. And then, openended no time limit, no space restriction, no review, no oversight. Pelley and given the threats in the world today, wouldnt that make your job so much easier . Comey in a sense, but in. Also in a sense, we would give up so much that makes sure that were rooted in the rule of law that id never want to make that trade. Pelley some of the worst of the f. B. I. s history is in its investigation of dr. King. So, on comeys orders, f. B. I. Academy instructors now bring new agents here to talk about values lost in the pursuit of the man who became a monument. Character, courage, collaboration, competence. We have to be able to call on those tools in our toolbox to be able to make sure that we are correcting some of the things that happened in the past. Pelley whats the lesson . Comey the lesson is the importance of never becoming untethered to oversight and accountability. I want all of my new special agents and intelligence analysts to understand that portion of the f. B. I. s history, the f. B. I. s interaction with dr. King, and draw from it an understanding of the dangers of falling in love with our own rectitude. And the importance of being immersed in that design of the founders with oversight by the dont fall in love with our own view of things. Cbs money watch update sponsored by lincoln financial, youre in charge. Quijano good evening. A new study shows the average starting salary for 2017 College Graduates is just under 50,000 a year. Walmart and target report earnings this week. And americans are expected to spend a record 23. 6 billion on mothers day. Im elaine quijano, cbs news. The sunll come out for people with Heart Failure, tomorrow is not a given. But entresto is a medicine that helps make more tomorrows possible. Tomorrow, tomorrow. I love ya, tomorrow in the largest Heart Failure study ever, entresto helped more people stay alive and out of the hospital than a leading Heart Failure medicine. Women who are pregnant must not take entresto. It can cause harm or death to an unborn baby. 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