Sturgis, Jackson); University of Surrey ( Brunton-Smith); University of Sydney Law School ( Jackson) "If the global challenge of widespread immunization against the coronavirus is to succeed, it is crucial that we better understand the social, economic and psychological factors that encourage or inhibit vaccine uptake." Vaccines must work at both the individual and the societal levels to be effective at eliminating viral infections. Scholarly attention to date has focused on individual-level drivers of vaccine confidence, but public confidence in immunisation programmes is related to factors operating at the community level as well. This article examines how societal-level scientific trust is associated with vaccination uptake, asking: Is the average level of trust in science in a country positively related to vaccine confidence, over and above the individual-level relationship?