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The tiny “brains” can help researchers pinpoint the causes of complex diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

Single protein could be a new target for delaying onset of aging symptoms in the brain It is not every day that scientists come across a phenomenon so fundamental that it is observed across fruit flies, rodents and humans. In a paper published today in Aging Cell, neuroscientists from the University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences discovered that a single protein-;a glutamate transporter on the membrane of vesicles that carry dopamine in neurons-; is key to regulating sex differences in the brain's vulnerability to age-related neuron loss. The protein-;named VGLUT-;was more abun...

Date Time Protein Linked to Sex Differences in Age-Related Neuron Loss It is not every day that scientists come across a phenomenon so fundamental that it is observed across fruit flies, rodents and humans. In a paper published today in Aging Cell, neuroscientists from the University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences discovered that a single protein—a glutamate transporter on the membrane of vesicles that carry dopamine in neurons—is key to regulating sex differences in the brain’s vulnerability to age-related neuron loss. The protein—named VGLUT—was more abundant in dop...

myelin.  Myelin acts like the protective and insulating plastic casing around the electrical wires of the brain - called axons. Myelin is essential for superfast communication between nerve cells that lie behind the supercomputer power of the human brain.  The loss of myelin results in cognitive decline and is central to several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. This new study found that the cells that drive myelin repair become less efficient as we age and identified a key gene that is most affected by ageing, which reduces the cells abilit...

Date Time Brain’s ‘wiring insulation’ is one of major factors of age-related brain deterioration A new study led by the University of Portsmouth has identified that one of the major factors of age-related brain deterioration is the loss of a substance called myelin. Myelin acts like the protective and insulating plastic casing around the electrical wires of the brain – called axons. Myelin is essential for superfast communication between nerve cells that lie behind the supercomputer power of the human brain. The loss of myelin results in cognitive decline and is central to several...