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Life of a pure Martian design


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IMAGE: The scanning transmission electron microscopy image of M. sedula cell grown on Black Beauty. Image reveals nonhomogeneous, rugged and coarse cellular interior of M. sedula filled with crystalline deposits.
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Credit: © Tetyana Milojevic
Early Mars is considered as an environment where life could possibly have existed. There was a time in the geological history of Mars when it could have been very similar to Earth and harbored life as we know it. In opposite to the current Mars conditions, bodies of liquid water, warmer temperature, and higher atmospheric pressure could have existed in Mars early history. Potential early forms of life on Mars should have been able to use accessible inventories of the red planet: derive energy from inorganic mineral sources and transform CO2 into biomass. Such living entities are rock-eating microorganisms, called chemolithotrophs , which are capable of transforming energy of stones to energy of li ....

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Ancient relic points to a turning point in Earth's history 42,000 years ago


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IMAGE: Using an ancient kauri tree log from Ngāwhā, New Zealand, scientists have dated the timing and environmental impacts of the last magnetic pole switch.
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Credit: Nelson Parker (www.nelsonskaihukauri.co.nz)
The temporary breakdown of Earth s magnetic field 42,000 years ago sparked major climate shifts that led to global environmental change and mass extinctions, a new international study co-led by UNSW Sydney and the South Australian Museum shows.
This dramatic turning point in Earth s history - laced with electrical storms, widespread auroras, and cosmic radiation - was triggered by the reversal of Earth s magnetic poles and changing solar winds. ....

United States , New Zealand , New Zealand General , New South Wales , Douglas Adams , Alan Cooper , Chris Turney , Jonathan Palmer , Australian Museum , South Australian Museum , Adams Transitional Geomagnetic Event , Adams Event , Laschamps Excursion , Rosetta Stone , Professor Alan Cooper , Honorary Researcher , South Australian , North America , North Pole , Grand Solar Minima , Atmospheric Science , Atmospheric Chemistry , Climate Science , Ecology Environment , Plant Sciences , Earth Science ,

First black hole ever detected is more massive than we thought


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VIDEO: An animation showing the Cygnus X-1 system, consisting of a black hole in orbit with a giant star. Recent observations by radio telescopes have found the system is 20 per.
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Credit: Credit: International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research.
New observations of the first black hole ever detected have led astronomers to question what they know about the Universe s most mysterious objects.
Published today in the journal
Science, the research shows the system known as Cygnus X-1 contains the most massive stellar-mass black hole ever detected without the use of gravitational waves.
Cygnus X-1 is one of the closest black holes to Earth. It was discovered in 1964 when a pair of Geiger counters were carried on board a sub-orbital rocket launched from New Mexico. ....

South Africa , South Australia , New Mexico , United States , Ilya Mandel , Kip Thorne , Stephen Hawking , Xueshan Zhao , James Miller Jones , International Centre For Radio Astronomy Research , Centre Of Excellence , Curtin University , Monash University , Professor Ilya Mandel Ozgrav Monash University , Chinese Academy Of Sciences , National Astronomical , Very Long Baseline Array A , United States Together , Professor James Miller Jones , International Centre , Radio Astronomy Research , Professor Ilya Mandel , Gravitational Wave Discovery , National Astronomical Observatories Part , Chinese Academy , Square Kilometre Array ,