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If proven successful in humans, it could be a big step forward.

A novel vaccine that targets inflamed brain cells associated with Alzheimer's disease may hold the key to potentially preventing or modifying the course of the disease.

The vaccine not only reduced brain inflammation in mice with Alzheimer-like illness, but improved their behavior for the better, the authors say.

Scientists in Japan may be at the start of a truly monumental accomplishment: a vaccine that can slow or delay the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. In preliminary research released this week, the vaccine appeared to reduce inflammation and other important biomarkers in the brains of mice with Alzheimer’s-like illness, while also improving their awareness. More research will be needed before this vaccine can be tested in humans, however.

An experimental vaccine that aims to slow down or prevent the progression of Alzheimer's disease has been trialed in mice with promising early results.