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IMAGE: Penn State “There is a growing need to understand how seismic and hydraulic characteristics of fractured rock can be used to illuminate the key mechanisms controlling subsurface flow, energy production and waste disposal,” Shokouhi said. In the lab, the research team uses acoustic vibrations on fractured rock to simulate seismic activity. The team then studies the frictional, hydraulic and ultrasonic responses to create a model or image of the fractures. This model allows the team to predict how fluid will flow through the rock, even if the rock is underground and inaccessible. By ...

Study Reveals Key Atomic-Scale Mechanism Involved in Crystal Growth Written by AZoMMay 27 2021 With attractive shapes and vivid colors, a majority of crystals are undoubtedly the wonders of nature. A few crystals are also wonders of science, with revolutionary applications in optics and electronics. Therefore, identifying an optimal way to grow these crystals is crucial to more advancements. Schematic of microbeam surface X-ray scattering during growth of gallium nitride crystal at high temperature. Image Credit: Argonne National Laboratory. Researchers from the Argonne National Laboratory of...

 E-Mail IMAGE: From left: Marcel Baer, Nathan Tallent, and Ben Loer are recipients of a 2021 Early Career Research Program award from the U.S. Department of Energy. view more  Credit: Composite image by Shannon Colson | Pacific Northwest National Laboratory A trio of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) researchers have each received a 2021 Early Career Research Program award from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in the highly competitive program. Awards to DOE-based researchers total $500,000 per year for five years for salary and research expenses. PNNL recipients are M...

Published 17 May 2021 Rare earths elements (REEs) are used in cancer treatment and electric engines, telescope lenses and TVs, cellphones and fighter jets. Many REEs are extracted and refined almost entirely in China. The U.S. was 100% net import reliant on rare-earth elements in 2018, importing an estimated 11,130 metric tons of compounds and metals valued at $160 million. The Department of Energy is funding research to make separating rare earths easier and more efficient, and to promote recycling. “There is a clock ticking in the background of this race for a rare-earth supply chain. The...

Credit: (Image by Robert Tranter.) Tranter explores the reactions of chemicals under high temperatures and pressures. Senior chemist Robert (Rob) Tranter of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory is no stranger to shockwave chemistry, but he received a happy shock of his own when he recently was named a Fellow of the Combustion Institute. Members of the international combustion community who are named Fellows of the Combustion Institute are recognized by their peers as being distinguished for outstanding contributions to combustion science, whether in research or in...