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€19.95 ? ?? ! !! ?! !? +/- A written language uses a set of symbols and punctuation marks as basic elements of orthography that make it possible to convey a thought. Punctuation is necessary to structure and organise words in a sentence and give it sense. Language is a science. Chess is a language. Therefore, chess is a science, would be Aristotle s logic. As such, it uses its own orthography of signs, symbols and formulae that helps to fathom its scientific nature, which was emphasized in Wilhelm Steinitz words:
Chess is a scientific game and its literature ought to be placed on the basis of the strictest truthfulness, which is the foundation of all scientific ....