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This article proposes a real-time, setting-free out-of-step (OOS) protection strategy for a single synchronous generator (SG) connected to a multimachine power system. To do so, the fundamental frequency phasor of the voltage at the generator terminal is measured. It will be shown that at the point of OOS, the imaginary part of the voltage crosses the zero point and becomes negative, whereas the real part of the voltage holds a negative value. On the other hand, it will be shown that during stable power swings, the imaginary part of the voltage behaves as per an OOS event, whereas the real par...

The recloser-fuse coordination of the distribution networks equipped with distributed generators (DGs) may be jeopardized by using the conventional overcurrent protection strategies thus degrading the network reliability. This research article focuses on the design of a protection coordination strategy based on the dual-setting directional recloser (DSDR) for the effective implementation of a fuse-saving scheme in distribution networks (DNs). The proposed DSDR-based protection strategy will assist the network operators by providing a flexible coordination range along with more accurate protect...

Despite the substantial reliability and power quality improvements, the proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs) can introduce many protection complexities in distribution networks. This research article presents a comprehensive investigative analysis of the distributed generation (DG) impacts on the protection performance of the distribution network. Various protection coordination case studies have been analyzed under different operating conditions by varying the DG penetration level or the fault conditions to highlight the potential risks of the protection networks. The severity...

Although it is commonly assumed that power swing is symmetrical and will have identical effects on all three-phase voltages and currents, there is another type of power swing, which is asymmetrical and mainly occurs during single-pole tripping (SPT), the impact of which on power systems integrated with the inverter-based resources (IBRs) has not been investigated so far. Since the likelihood of the occurrence of asymmetrical power swing is increasing in todays heavily loaded transmission lines, this paper investigates the impact of IBR integration on the performance of distance protection duri...

In this paper, a new saturated amorphous alloy core-based inrush current limiter (ICL) has been designed and built to limit the inrush current of a power transformer. A toroidal core with a middle limb is developed using the Metglas amorphous alloy and the middle limb is excited with a dc current to saturate the amorphous alloy core. Only a very small dc excitation current is required using such a core when compared to that using a similar design with conventional materials. Under normal conditions, the saturated amorphous alloy ICL core steady-state impedance is low and has a negligible effec...