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University of Illinois: Suppression of COVID-19 peaks reflect time-dependent social activity, not herd immunity


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Scientists developed a model showing that a fragile, temporary state of immunity emerged during the early epidemic but got destroyed as people changed their social behaviors over time, leading to future waves of infection
Scientists modeling the spread of COVID-19 showed that a temporary state of immunity
arises due to individual differences in social behaviors. This ‘transient collective immunity’ referring to when the susceptible or more social groups collectively have been infected&mdashgets destroyed as people modify their social behaviors over time. For example, someone who isolated in the early days of the epidemic may at some point renew their social networks, meeting with small groups or large crowds. ....

New York , United States , Brookhaven National Laboratory , University Of Illinois , Sergei Maslov , Nigel Goldenfeld , Ahmed Elbanna , Donald Biggar Willett , Alexei Tkachenko , Office Of The Vice , Illinois Department Of Public Health , Carlr Woese Institute For Genomic Biology , Us Department Of Energy , National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development , Grainer College Of Engineering , Proceedings Of The National , Office Of Science , Department Of Physics , Illinois Campus Cluster Program , National Center , Computation Group , Astrobiology Institute For Universal Biology , University Of Illinois System Office , University Of Illinois Urbana Champaign , Illinois Urbana Champaign , New York City ,

Chemistry goes under cover


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IMAGE: An illustration of physically confined spaces in a porous bilayer silica film on a metal catalyst that can be used for chemical reactions. Silicon atoms are indicated by the orange.
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Credit: Brookhaven National Laboratory
UPTON, NY Physically confined spaces can make for more efficient chemical reactions, according to recent studies led by scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory. They found that partially covering metal surfaces acting as catalysts, or materials that speed up reactions, with thin films of silica can impact the energies and rates of these reactions. The thin silica forms a two-dimensional (2-D) array of hexagonal-prism-shaped cages containing silicon and oxygen atoms. ....

United States , Deyu Lu , Anibal Boscoboinik , Dario Stacchiola , Calley Eads , Samuel Tenney , Angewandte Chemie , Us Department Of Energy , American Chemical Society , Catalysis Group , Office Of Science , Office Of Science User Facilities , Computing Center , National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Energy Frontier Research Center , Computation Group , Brookhaven Computational Science Initiative , University Of Wisconsin , Catalysis Group Of Brookhaven Lab Center , Stony Brook University , Brookhaven National Synchrotron Light Source , Brookhaven National , Interface Science , Brookhaven Lab , Functional Nanomaterials ,

Shafi Goldwasser wins L'Oréal-UNESCO Award | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology


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Photo courtesy of Fondation L’Oréal
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Shafi Goldwasser, the RSA Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at MIT, a co-leader of the cryptography and information security group, and a member of the complexity theory group within the Theory of Computation Group and the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, has been named the laureate for North America in this year’s 2021 L Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science International Awards.
The award celebrates Goldwasser’s groundbreaking work in cryptography, which has enabled secure communication and verification over the internet and collaborative computation on private data. Goldwasser is also known of her pioneering work on interactive and probabilistic proof verification. In announcing the award, the organizers said that Goldwasser s research has a significant impact on our understanding of large classes of problems for w ....

United States , Mildred Dresselhaus , Emanuelr Priore , Jenniferc Johnson , Shafi Goldwasser , Artificial Intelligence Laboratory , Theory Of Computation Group , Weizmann Institute , Department Of Electrical Engineering , Institute Professor Emerita Of Physics , Simons Foundation Investigator Award , Women In Science International , University Of California At Berkeley , Franklin Institute Benjamin Medal In Computer , Simons Institute For The Theory Of Computing , Computer Science , Computation Group , North America , Science International , Electrical Engineering , Franklin Institute Benjamin Medal , Cognitive Science , Simons Institute , Science International Awards , Institute Professor Emerita , Computer Science Mildred Dresselhaus ,