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Fish rely on special feathery organs called ‘gills’ which they use to breathe underwater. Click to read more.

Skull bones constrained the development of the first terrestrial creatures on Earth. According to recent studies, tetrapods' evolution was constrained for millions of years because their skulls contained fewer bones than extinct and current fish.

May 21, 2021 11:00 PM EDT A Micropholis stowi fossil, an extinct amphibian, has been found for the first time in Antarctica, according to researchers. Micropholis existed during the Early Triassic period, just after the planet's most catastrophic mass extinction. It was historically only known from South African fossils. Its discovery in Antarctica has implications for how amphibians adapted to high-latitude environments during this turbulent time in Earth's history. (Photo : Wikimedia Commons) Paleontology During the Pandemic During the COVID-19 pandemic, paleontologists had to adapt to rema...

Close (Photo : Max Fleischer, Dave Fleischer and Ovide Decroly on Wikimedia Commons) Since modern humans left Africa around 50,000 years ago, ancient DNA from Neanderthals and early modern humans revealed that the two groups actually interbred somewhere in the Near East. As a result, anyone outside of Africa carries about 2% to 3% Neanderthal DNA. Those Neanderthal DNA segments grew progressively shorter in modern human genomes over time, and their length can be used to approximate when a person lived. Furthermore, archeological evidence released last year indicates that modern humans were al...

(Photo : Dr. Guojie Zhang from the University of Copenhagen) According to the study's lead author, Herman Pontzer, associate professor of evolutionary anthropology at Duke University, this trait arose as an evolutionary adaptation in ancient hunter-gatherers who had to travel further and further away from water sources in search of food. "Even being able to live a little longer without water would have been a huge benefit as early humans began to make a living in dusty, savannah landscapes," Pontzer said. Water levels must be recovered because our bodies continuously lose water by processes s...