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New study highlights first infection of human cells during spaceflight

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IMAGE: Infection of human intestinal epithelial cells by Salmonella Typhimurium during spaceflight aboard NASA Space Shuttle mission STS-131.
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Credit: Graphic by Shireen Dooling for the Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University
Astronauts face many challenges to their health, due to the exceptional conditions of spaceflight. Among these are a variety of infectious microbes that can attack their suppressed immune systems.
Now, in the first study of its kind, Cheryl Nickerson, lead author Jennifer Barrila and their colleagues describe the infection of human cells by the intestinal pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium during spaceflight. They show how the microgravity environment of spaceflight changes the molecular profile of human intestinal cells and how these expression patterns are further changed in response to infection. In another first, the researchers were also able to detect molecular changes in the bacterial pathogen while in ....

United States , Cheryl Nickerson , Richard Harth , Jennifer Barrila , Biodesign Center , Centers For Disease , Department Of Defense Do , School Of Life Sciences , Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency , Nature Publishing Group , Biodesign Institute , Johnson Space Center , Kennedy Space Center , Ames Research Center , Salmonella Typhimurium , Space Shuttle , Applied Microbiomics , Life Sciences , Space Tissue Loss , Cell Culture Module , International Space Station , Space Center , Research Center , Tissue Genesis , Science Writer , Biomechanics Biophysics ,

Earth has a hot new neighbour -- and it's an astronomer's dream

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IMAGE: Artistic impression of the surface of the newly discovered hot super-Earth Gliese 486b. With a temperature of about 700 Kelvin (430°C), the astronomers of the CARMENES Consortium expect a Venus-like.
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Credit: RenderArea, https://renderarea.com
A newly discovered planet could be our best chance yet of studying rocky planet atmospheres outside the solar system, a new international study involving UNSW Sydney shows.
The planet, called Gliese 486b (pronounced Glee-seh), is a super-Earth : that is, a rocky planet bigger than Earth but smaller than ice giants like Neptune and Uranus. It orbits a red dwarf star around 26 light-years away, making it a close neighbour - galactically speaking. ....

United States , New South Wales , Castillay Leóp , Western Australia , Ben Montet , Exoplanet Survey Satellite , Scientia Lecturer , Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite , Planet Hunters , Atmospheric Chemistry , Space Planetary Science , Planets Moons , Satellite Missions Shuttles , Experiments In Space , Stars The Sun , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , புதியது தெற்கு வேல்ஸ் , மேற்கு ஆஸ்திரேலியா , அறிவியல் விரிவுரையாளர் , கிரகம் வேட்டைக்காரர்கள் , வளிமண்டலம் வேதியியல் , இடம் கிரகங்கள் அறிவியல் , கிரகங்கள் நிலவுகள் , செயற்கைக்கோள் பயணங்கள் விண்கலங்கள் , சோதனைகள் இல் இடம் , நட்சத்திரங்கள் தி சூரியன் ,

A super-Earth is discovered which can be used to test planetary atmosphere models

Credit: RenderArea
During the past 25 years astronomers have discovered a wide variety of exoplanets, made of rock, ice and gas, thanks to the construction of astronomical instruments designed specifically for planet searches. Also, using a combination of different observing techniques they have been able to determine a large numher of masses, sizes, and hence densities of the planets, which helps them to estimate their internal composition and raising the number of planets which have been discovered outside the Solar System.
However, to study the atmospheres of the rocky planets, which would made it possible to characterize fully those exoplanets which are similar to Earth, is extremely difficult with currently available instruments. For that reason, the atmospheric models for rocky planets are still not tested. ....

Castillay Leóp , United States , Las Cumbres , X Region , Trifon Trifonov , Antonio Caballero , Exoplanet Mission , Astrobiology Centre , Exoplanet Survey Satellite , Calar Alto , Instituto De Astrofisica Canarias , Max Planck Institute , Multicolour Simultaneous Camera , Enric Pall , James Webb Space Telescope , Extremely Large Telescope , Calar Alto Observatory , Gemini North , Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite , Teide Observatory , Las Cumbres Observational Global Telescope , Space Planetary Science , Planets Moons , Satellite Missions Shuttles , Experiments In Space , Stars The Sun ,

Planetary science intern leads study of Martian crust

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The planet Mars has no global magnetic field, although scientists believe it did have one at some point in the past. Previous studies suggest that when Mars global magnetic field was present, it was approximately the same strength as Earth s current field. Surprisingly, instruments from past Mars missions, both orbiters and landers, have spotted patches on the planet s surface that are strongly magnetized a property that could not have been produced by a magnetic field similar to Earth s, assuming the rocks on both planets are similar.
Ahmed AlHantoobi, an intern working with Northern Arizona University planetary scientists, assistant professor Christopher Edwards and postdoctoral scholar Jennifer Buz in NAU s Department of Astronomy and Planetary Science, led a study looking for answers to explain these magnetic anomalies. The team explored the relationships between the strength of the magnetic field on the surface and the composition of the crust in the Terra ....

United States , United Arab Emirates , Northern Arizona University , Jennifer Buz , Ahmed Alhantoobi , Christopher Edwards , Emirates Mars Mission Hope , Geophysical Research Letters , Department Of Astronomy , Khalifa University , Arizona State University , Planetary Science , Terra Sirenum Cimmeria , Crustal Magnetization , United Arab Emirates Mohammed , Rashid Space Centre , While Alhantoobi , Space Planetary Science , Planets Moons , Comets Asteroids , Satellite Missions Shuttles , Experiments In Space , Stars The Sun , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , ஒன்றுபட்டது அரபு அமீரகங்கள் , வடக்கு அரிசோனா பல்கலைக்கழகம் ,

SwRI scientist captures evidence of dynamic seasonal activity on a Martian sand dune

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IMAGE: An SwRI-led study identifies plumes of airborne dust emanating from sources inside gullies at Mars Russell crater megadune in the Martian spring. The plume phenomena support the hypothesis that CO2.
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Credit: NASA/JPL/Malin Space Systems (CTX) & NASA/JPL/University of Arizona (HiRISE)]
SAN ANTONIO Feb. 24, 2021 A Southwest Research Institute® (SwRI®) scientist examined 11 Mars years of image data to understand the seasonal processes that create linear gullies on the slopes of the megadune in the Russell crater on Mars. In early spring images, captured by two different cameras on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, SwRI s Dr. Cynthia Dinwiddie noticed airborne plumes of dusty material associated with the linear dune gullies on the sand dune s downwind slope. These clues point to active processes involving chunks of frozen CO2, or dry ice, sliding down the sand dune, kicking up sand and dust along the way. ....

Cynthia Dinwiddie , Tim Titus , Geophysical Research Letters , A Southwest Research Institute , Mars Data Analysis Program , Us Geological , Southwest Research Institute , Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter , Geophysical Research , Data Analysis Program , Dust Plumes Lofted , Dislodged Ice Blocks , Russell Crater , Space Planetary Science , Planets Moons , Satellite Missions Shuttles , Experiments In Space , சிந்தியா டின்விடி , நேரம் டைட்டஸ் , புவி இயற்பியல் ஆராய்ச்சி எழுத்துக்கள் , செவ்வாய் கிரகம் தகவல்கள் பகுப்பாய்வு ப்ரோக்ர்யாம் , எங்களுக்கு புவியியல் , தென்மேற்கு ஆராய்ச்சி நிறுவனம் , புவி இயற்பியல் ஆராய்ச்சி , தகவல்கள் பகுப்பாய்வு ப்ரோக்ர்யாம் , ரஸ்ஸல் பள்ளம் ,