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Chemistry goes under cover

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IMAGE: An illustration of physically confined spaces in a porous bilayer silica film on a metal catalyst that can be used for chemical reactions. Silicon atoms are indicated by the orange.
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Credit: Brookhaven National Laboratory
UPTON, NY Physically confined spaces can make for more efficient chemical reactions, according to recent studies led by scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory. They found that partially covering metal surfaces acting as catalysts, or materials that speed up reactions, with thin films of silica can impact the energies and rates of these reactions. The thin silica forms a two-dimensional (2-D) array of hexagonal-prism-shaped cages containing silicon and oxygen atoms. ....

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Grad Student Co-Authors Paper on Optimizing Solar Fuel Production |

Grad Student Co-Authors Paper on Optimizing Solar Fuel Production |
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Environmental News Network - Tuning Electrode Surfaces to Optimize Solar Fuel Production

Environmental News Network - Tuning Electrode Surfaces to Optimize Solar Fuel Production
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Tuning Electrode Surfaces to Optimize Solar Fuel Production

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Tuning Electrode Surfaces to Optimize Solar Fuel Production
An electrode material with modified surface atoms generates more electrical current, which drives the sunlight-powered reactions that split water into oxygen and hydrogen a clean fuel
February 18, 2021
Through a tight coupling of experiment and theory, scientists showed at the atomic level how changes in the surface composition of a photoelectrode play a critical role in photoelectrochemical performance.
UPTON, NY Scientists have demonstrated that modifying the topmost layer of atoms on the surface of electrodes can have a remarkable impact on the activity of solar water splitting. As they reported in
Nature Energy on Feb. 18, bismuth vanadate electrodes with more bismuth on the surface (relative to vanadium) generate higher amounts of electrical current when they absorb energy from sunlight. This photocurrent drives the chemical reactions that split water into oxygen and hydrogen. The hydr ....

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Study shows tweaking one layer of atoms on a catalyst's surface can make it work better

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IMAGE: An illustration combines two possible types of surface layers for a catalyst that performs the water-splitting reaction, the first step in making hydrogen fuel. The gray surface, top, is lanthanum.
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Credit: CUBE3D Graphic
Scientists crafting a nickel-based catalyst used in making hydrogen fuel built it one atomic layer at a time to gain full control over its chemical properties. But the finished material didn t behave as they expected: As one version of the catalyst went about its work, the top-most layer of atoms rearranged to form a new pattern, as if the square tiles that cover a floor had suddenly changed to hexagons. ....

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