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  This series has been examining the substantial evidence of why wine recommendations and reviews fail. One of the bug reasons is because no two people taste the same wine the same way. However, wine’s recommendation attempts are immensely more complicated because your brain handles scent perception in a radically different way than any of the other senses.   Unlike sight, sound, taste, and touch, your brain gives odors immediate, direct, hardwired access to the PreFrontal Cortex (PFC) which is responsible for the highest levels of thought and reasoning. The PFC is the structure that make...

Severe stress is among the most robust risk factors for the development of psychiatric disorders. Imaging studies indicate that life stress is integral to shaping the human brain, especially regions involved in processing the stress response. Although this is likely underpinned by changes to the cytoarchitecture of cellular networks in the brain, we are yet to clearly understand how these define a role for stress in human psychopathology. In this review, we consolidate evidence of macro-structural morphometric changes and the cellular mechanisms that likely underlie them. Focusing on stress-se...

New Findings on Attention and Working Memory by Hannah Joy on  April 1, 2021 at 8:00 PM Attention and working memory are two sides of the same neural coin; as they share the same neural mechanisms, reveals a new study. In 1890, psychologist William James described attention as the spotlight we shine not only on the world around us, but also on the contents of our minds. Most cognitive scientists since then have drawn a sharp distinction between what James termed "sensorial attention" and "intellectual attention," now usually called "attention" and "working memory," but Jame...

Procrastination may feel great, but it's not great for our brains. When you choose to procrastinate, you launch an all-out battle in your brain.

The Atlantic Voluntarily sacrificing pleasurable things resets your senses and makes you master of yourself. ” is a weekly column by Arthur Brooks, tackling questions of meaning and happiness. We have just entered the season of Lent, a time to pray and fast to commemorate Jesus’s 40-day sojourn into the desert at the beginning of his public ministry. About a quarter of Americans—including 61 percent of Catholics—typically observe Lent through voluntary sacrifice, fasting, almsgiving, and prayer. Many religions have similar ascetic traditions, such as Yom Kippur in Judaism and Ramadan ...