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Introduction The Act on Medicinal Products (AMG)(1) and the Trade and Industry Act (GewO)(2) set strict rules on the sale of medicinal products. Broadly, only pharmacies may sell medicinal products to consumers. Pharmacies may also sell medicinal products not subject to prescription by distance selling, provided that: the purchaser buys only the quantity needed for personal use; the products are not negatively affected by shipping; and the pharmacy provides advice during the order process. Drugstores may sell to consumers only a limited number of medicinal products (primarily officinal plants...

If a doctor recognises a patient's need for certain medical treatment, the doctor must inform the patient of the necessity of such treatment and the risks associated with not having it. The scope of this medical information depends on the individual case and doctors are not required to indicate all possible consequences of the treatment. Facts On 4 May 2012 a patient (the plaintiff) consulted a doctor (the defendant) because he felt anemic, had a headache and vertigo and felt discomfort. The defendant diagnosed cephalea and referred the plaintiff to an MRI institute for a head examination. Th...