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They are subject to the weather. so, they are not very efficient. but they do have tremendous psychological impact and as we saw in syria, where the syrians used them, they really followed bombings and -- and shellings of urban areas and as the last resort, the syrians went in to terrify people who had taken shelter in underground basements or subways. and as the chemical agent seeped down, that's when it got them. so, if indeed the russians take something out of the syrian playbook, that's what they will do. >> and with this in mind, president biden has warned if moscow does go down this math...

Talk is a little bit about the experience that ukrainians are living within the moment. those who have stayed in the country, those obviously in kyiv, where some tried to stay in their homes and obviously many of left but as many must have remained. it's hell. there is no question about it. you have got places like kharkiv, mariupol and 0desa which are under siege. access is cut off. that means food, water, medicine all that stuff cannot get in. all the cities are full of either young or the old and all men are away fighting and it's mainly women and children who have been spirited out of the ...

Young or the old and all men are away fighting and it's mainly women and children who have been spirited out of the country as refugees to moldova, poland and so on. and it's a nightmare for these people not knowing what the future holds. i mean, they are constantly in underground basements, life is lived subterraneously now across many big cities because of the fear of air raids and so on. and there isjust a sense that at some point, there will be a concerted land push into these areas and then what happens? and that's the big fear. i mean, this is... i've covered a number of conflicts throug...

Kharkiv, mariupol and odesa which are under siege. all the cities are full of— are under siege. all the cities are full of either young or the old and all men _ full of either young or the old and all men are — full of either young or the old and all men are away fighting and manning _ all men are away fighting and manning women and children who have been spirited out of the country as refugees— been spirited out of the country as refugees to mull poland and so on. and it's _ refugees to mull poland and so on. and it's a _ refugees to mull poland and so on. and it's a nightmare for these...

[inaudible conversations] >> reporter: you hear those shellings as people are walking around, and take a look there, that's on the sidewalk there in irpin, artillery left laying around. this area has been under fire by russian forces for several days, no signs of slowing down as it's growing worse. you do see people trying to evacuate from irpin, some trying to hold out and stick around, but it was too dangerous. supplies are also running thin, and the bodies of the civilians who were killed are left on the ground there. it's still too teenagers they say for families to even properly lay their...