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[Full text] Metabolic Conversion and Removal of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles in
19,20 SPIOs have been widely examined for toxicological effects both in vitro and in vivo. 21–23 Mn-IONPs may exhibit totally different cytotoxicity, however, because Mn 2+-doping changes the crystal structure and increases the number of structural defects that disrupt the well structured electronic configuration of SPIO NPs. 18 Conceptually, the latent potential of Mn 2+ release allows the possibility of metal ion interaction with the intracellular components, which may result in the adverse effects on cell survival. 24,25 Thus, the biological effects of Mn-IONPs need to be specifically in...
Source: dovepress.com