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Ozone pollution harms maize crops, study finds


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IMAGE: Maize experimental field plot fumigated with elevated ozone (green pipes). Maize leaf samples were collected from similar rings throughout the growing season, to understand the response in diverse maize lines.
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Credit: Ainsworth lab
Although stratospheric ozone protects us by filtering out the sun s ultraviolet radiation, tropospheric ozone is a harmful pollutant. A new study has shown that ozone in the lower layers of the atmosphere decreases crop yields in maize and changes the types of chemicals that are found inside the leaves.
Ozone is formed when nitrous oxide, released from industries and tail pipes of cars, is broken down by sunlight and chemically reacts to form ozone. Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have been studying the effects of ozone pollution on crops for over 20 years at a unique facility where crops can be grown under real-world farm field conditions but with increased concentration ....

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A Case For BioHydrogen


Our energy dilemma
The hydrocarbon economy is faltering as oil reserves dwindle worldwide (Hirsch, 2008).  Commodity prices have begun to fluctuate drastically due to the uncertain cost of petroleum, which resulted in food riots around the world in 2008.  With a steadily decreasing energy supply and the demands on energy systems continually growing, the planet is in dire economic, geopolitical, and environmental straits.  In order to halt the advance of climate change, prevent ecological collapse, rescue the global economy, and ensure our energy security, humanity must find a way to harness currently available (non-fossilized) energy.  The largest source of energy on Earth, excluding the future potential for thermonuclear fusion reactors, is the sun.  Human civilization consumes 15 TW annually while approximately 80,000 TW of solar energy fall on the Earth’s surface each year (Makarieva et al., 2008).  For hundreds of millions of years, this solar flux has been the dri ....

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