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Scientists Discover How a Tiny Freshwater Animal Performs a Somersault

Scientists Discover How a Tiny Freshwater Animal Performs a Somersault
04/04/2021
Hydra attached to a surface. Photo: Coveredinsevindust/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0
What do hydra, tiny freshwater organisms that look like inverted jellyfish, have in common with four-time Olympic gold medallist Simone Biles? Their incredible ability to somersault, it seems. Hydra are smaller than the width of a human finger but can bend their bodies and perfectly flip over their tentacles. Now, with a combination of biophysical experiments and computational modelling, researchers have found that differences in tissue stiffness along hydra’s body length makes this unique motion possible.
Named after the serpent-like monster in Greek mythology that regrows two heads for each one that’s cut off, hydra are known for similar powers of regeneration. Slice open a hydra and each half will grow into two new bodies. In addition, they don’t exhibit ageing, leading some biol ....

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Plumbing the 'dark' genome for new genes

Plumbing the ‘dark’ genome for new genes
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This can aid diagnosis, cure diseases
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New revelaton: Mutations in the novel regions do have physiological consequences, says Sudhakaran Prabakaran.
| Photo Credit:
Rasi Bhadramani
This can aid diagnosis, cure diseases
On June 26, 2000, former U.S. President, Bill Clinton, announced the completion of a draft sequence of the human genome, a historic landmark for genetic research. The Human Genome Project helped map our genes, strengthened the study of human diseases and aided new drug discovery. But even after two decades, the number of ‘known’ genes – encoding around 20,000 ‘known’ proteins - has remained constant. It is also a conundrum why only 1.5% of the entire human genome codes for proteins. ....

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Cracking the Dark Genome: What This Indian Scientist And His Team Have Discovered About The 'Greatest Show On The Planet'

by Aravindan Neelakandan - Feb 12, 2021 10:57 AM
A jellyfish (Unsplash)
Snapshot
The work that Sudhakaran Prabakaran and his team have done over the past five years strongly suggests that our definition of a gene has been extremely conservative.
If physicists have their dark matter, molecular biologists have their dark DNA or dark genome.
Now a dynamic team of young biologists from across the planet, the Prabakaran Group, is cracking its secrets like never before.
Let s start from the basics.
What is a gene?
The gene is that part of the DNA strand that codes for a protein.
That is a strict and conservative textbook definition. But then, for quite a considerable number of years now, scientists studying the genome have been facing a problem. ....

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