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AI can help reduce risk of HIV in high-risk communities


AI can help reduce risk of HIV in high-risk communities
How to get good information to the people who need it is a question that has long plagued public health officials.
One approach, known as peer change agents, is to recruit peer leaders to promote healthy behaviors and information about disease prevention within their social networks. This strategy has been used, with mixed results, in communities at high risk for HIV infection and transmission, specifically among young people experiencing homelessness.
Youth experiencing homelessness are 10 times more likely to test positive for HIV than young people who have access to stable housing.  Social workers and public health officials have used the peer change agents strategy to promote behaviors such as condom usage and regular HIV testing within these communities, but success seems tied to choosing the right peer leaders who will have the largest impact within their communities. ....

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USC Study Identifies Risk Factors for Opioid Relapse | The Patriot KEIB AM 1150


By City News Service
Feb 22, 2021
LOS ANGELES (CNS) - Risk factors for relapse following treatment for opioid use disorder vary significantly by gender, a discovery that may result in better targeted treatment with lasting results, according to findings of USC researchers.
They found the greatest risk factors for women who relapsed were withdrawal symptoms, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. For men, the most significant risk factors included multiple substance use disorders and a history of conduct disorder, a behavioral disorder in which the basic rights of others or rules are violated.
“These results suggest that women would particularly benefit from treatments that aggressively address withdrawal symptoms with appropriate medications and cognitive behavioral approaches, said lead author Jordan Davis, an assistant professor at the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work and associate director of the USC Center for Artificial Intelligence i ....

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Risk factors for opioid relapse differ between men and women


Risk factors for opioid relapse differ between men and women
Multiple substance use disorders were deemed a serious risk factor for men, while women who relapsed tended to suffer from withdrawal symptoms and depression, a USC study has found.
Younger age is a risk factor for both men and women who relapse with opioids. (Illustration/iStock)
Fatal drug overdoses two-thirds of which involve opioids have increased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CDC recently reported that overdose deaths have surged to 81,000 over a 12-month period.
Treatment for opioid use disorder ideally a combination of medication and behavioral therapy is the key to improving the odds for recovery from addiction to heroin and prescription opioids. But relapsing after treatment remains a persistent challenge. ....

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