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Chrome on Windows turns on Intel, AMD chip-level defenses against malicious websites


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Version 90 of Google s Chrome browser includes a bit of extra security for users of recent versions of Windows and the latest x86 processors, in the form of hardware-enforced stack protection.
This basically means that, if your PC supports it, it s a bit harder for malicious websites to exploit bugs in Chrome to hijack your computer.
Released in April, Chrome 90 supports Intel’s Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET) [PDF], a processor-based defense against exploits that use something like Return Oriented Programming (ROP) to violate a program s control-flow integrity (CFI).
ROP is a code-reuse attack. It involves bouncing the CPU core between snippets of instructions in an application to form a malicious program. Think of it like cutting letters or words out of a newspaper to spell out a ransom note. You stitch together different parts of the software under attack to do things like disable security measure ....

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Demonstration of the universal quantum error correcting code with superconducting qubits


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IMAGE: (a) Encoding quantum circuit of the five-qubit code. (b) Expectation values of 31 stabilizers for the encoded logical state |T> L. (c) Expectation values of logical Pauli operators and state fidelity.
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Credit: @Science China Press
Universal fault-tolerant quantum computing relies on the implementation of quantum error correction. An essential milestone is the achievement of error-corrected logical qubits that genuinely benefit from error correction, outperforming simple physical qubits. Although tremendous efforts have been devoted to demonstrate quantum error correcting codes with different quantum hardware, previous realizations are limited to be against certain types of errors or to prepare special logical states. It remains one of the greatest and also notoriously difficult challenges to realize a universal quantum error correcting code for more than a decade. ....

Shao Rong , Ming Gong , Xyu Xu , Jian Wei Pan , Shaowei Li , Cheng Zhi Peng , Yulin Wu , Xiongfeng Ma , Zhen Zhang , Futian Liang , Xiaobo Zhu , Jin Lin , Chui Deng , Youwei Zhao , Yunchao Liu , Shiyu Wang , Chen Zha , Simonc Benjamin , Qi Zhao , Anhui Initiative In Quantum Information Technologies , National Natural Science Foundation Of China , University Of Oxford , University Of Science , Chinese Academy Of Science , Technology Committee Of Shanghai Municipality , National Science ,