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Improved estimates of preindustrial biomass burning reduce the magnitude of aerosol climate forcing in the Southern Hemisphere

Fire plays a pivotal role in shaping terrestrial ecosystems and the chemical composition of the atmosphere and thus influences Earth’s climate. The trend and magnitude of fire activity over the past few centuries are controversial, which hinders understanding of preindustrial to present-day aerosol radiative forcing. Here, we present evidence from records of 14 Antarctic ice cores and 1 central Andean ice core, suggesting that historical fire activity in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) exceeded present-day levels. To understand this observation, we use a global fire model to show that overall SH fire emissions could have declined by 30% over the 20th century, possibly because of the rapid expansion of land use for agriculture and animal production in middle to high latitudes. Radiative forcing calculations suggest that the decreasing trend in SH fire emissions over the past century largely compensates for the cooling effect of increasing aerosols from fossil fuel and biofuel sources. ....

South Africa , United States , Assimilation Office , Goddard Institute For Space Studies , Desert Research Institute , Southern Hemisphere , Northern Hemisphere , Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison , Little Ice Age , North America , Single Particle Soot Photometer , Droplet Measurement Technologies , Modern Era Retrospective , West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide , Goddard Institute , Space Studies , Argentine Patagonia , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , கோடார்ட் நிறுவனம் க்கு இடம் ஆய்வுகள் , பாலைவனம் ஆராய்ச்சி நிறுவனம் , தெற்கு அரைக்கோளம் , வடக்கு அரைக்கோளம் , கொஞ்சம் பனி வாழ்நாள் , வடக்கு அமெரிக்கா , நவீன சகாப்தம் சுயபரிசோதனை , மேற்கு அண்டார்டிக் பனி தாள் பிரி ,

In a First, Scientists Map Particle-Laden Rivers in the Sky – Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet


In a First, Scientists Map Particle-Laden Rivers in the Sky
An atmospheric river carrying dust particles blows across the North Atlantic Ocean from Africa to the Caribbean in July 2018. Credit: Suomi/NPP satellite images from NASA Worldview website. Animation by climate.gov
In Brief:
Windy regions high in the atmosphere can transport pollutants like dust or soot thousands of miles around the world and disrupt everyday life for thousands of people.
Last summer, “Godzilla” came for the Caribbean and the U.S. Gulf Coast. This particular monster wasn’t of the sci-fi variety, but a massive dust storm kicked up by winds from the Sahara Desert and carried an ocean away. The dust storm was an extreme example of a phenomenon that happens regularly: the global transport of dust, soot, and other airborne particles collectively known as aerosols by jets of winds in the atmosphere, forming what are called aerosol atmospheric rivers. ....

United States , Goddard Space Flight Center , Sudip Chakraborty , Duane Waliser , Geophysical Research Letters , Propulsion Laboratory , Assimilation Office , Sahara Desert , Space Flight Center , Modern Era Retrospective , Climate Change , Global Warming , Greenhouse Gases , Ational Aeronautics And Space Administration , Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Nasa Climate Change , Global Climate Change , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , கோடார்ட் இடம் விமானம் மையம் , சூடிப் சக்ரவர்த்தி , புவி இயற்பியல் ஆராய்ச்சி எழுத்துக்கள் , ப்ரொபல்ஶந் ஆய்வகம் , சஹாரா பாலைவனம் , இடம் விமானம் மையம் , நவீன சகாப்தம் சுயபரிசோதனை , காலநிலை மாற்றம் ,