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Underground fiber optic sensors record sounds of COVID lockdown, reopening


Students walk on Penn State s University Park campus. 
Image: Patrick Mansell, Penn State
Underground fiber optic sensors record sounds of COVID lockdown, reopening
Matthew Carroll
June 28, 2021
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. – In March 2020, daily life in the United States changed in an instant as the country locked down to deal with the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. New research reveals how residents in one community returned to their routines as the restrictions lifted, according to a team of Penn State scientists.
“We used sound signals captured by underground fiber-optic sensors to understand how COVID measures impacted human activities,” said Junzhu Shen, a graduate student in geosciences at Penn State. “These sensors provide very accurate, high-resolution data that can help us understand what’s happening in our communities.” ....

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Coupled brain activity, cerebrospinal fluid flow could indicate Alzheimer's risk


Penn State researchers have found that the signal of global brain activity is coupled to movement of cerebral spinal fluid in humans. It appears that the coupled movement cleans out the brain’s toxins as a person sleeps. The weaker the coupled movement, the higher the risk the person could develop Alzheimer’s disease. The signal can viewed via non-invasive brain imaging and could serve as a clinical marker to help in diagnosis.
Penn State College of Engineering
First described in 2012, the glymphatic system acts as a waste management system, washing out the proteins and other buildup that can hinder brain activity. The critical component of the system is the cerebrospinal fluid flow, according to Liu, which his research suggests is activated by the global BOLD signal activation. In sleep, the glymphatic system can speed up its cleaning processes significantly.  ....

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