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Key to Cleaner Combustion? Look to the Stars


Key to Cleaner Combustion? Look to the Stars
6H
6, the benzene ring – an elegant, hexagonal molecule comprised of 6 carbon and 6 hydrogen atoms.
Astrophysicists say that the benzene ring could be the fundamental building block of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons or PAHs, the most basic materials formed from the explosion of dying, carbon-rich stars. That swirling mass of matter would eventually give shape to the earliest forms of carbon – precursors to molecules some scientists say are connected to the synthesis of the earliest forms of life on Earth.
Paradoxically, PAHs have a dark side, too. The industrial processes behind crude oil refineries and the inner-workings of gas-powered combustion engines can emit PAHs, which can snowball into toxic air pollutants like soot. ....

United States , Musahid Ahmed , Marsel Zagidullin , Alexander Mebel , Wenchao Lu , Ralf Kaiser , Berkeley Lab Chemical Sciences Division , Florida International University , Valeriy Azyazov At Samara National Research University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lab , Berkeley Lab On , Office Of Science , Berkeley Lab , Thor Swift Berkeley Lab , University Of Hawaii At Manoa , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Science Advances , Advanced Light Source , Chemical Sciences Division , Florida International , Long Zhao , Valeriy Azyazov , Samara National Research University , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , அலெக்சாண்டர் மேபெல் , ரால்ஃப் கைசர் ,

Key to Carbon-Free Cars? Look to Stars


3·, gave rise to the first aromatic ring, benzene.
The current study is the first demonstration of the so-called “radical propargyl self-reaction” under astrochemical and combustion conditions. Using a high-temperature, coin-sized chemical reactor called the “hot nozzle,” the researchers simulated the high-pressure, high-temperature environment inside a combustion engine as well as the hydrocarbon-rich atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan, and observed the formation of isomers – molecules with the same chemical formula but different atomic structures – from two propargyl radicals leading up to the benzene ring.
The hot-nozzle technique, which co-senior author Musahid Ahmed, senior staff scientist in Berkeley Lab’s Chemical Sciences Division, adapted 10 years ago at Berkeley Lab’s Advanced Light Source (ALS) for synchrotron experiments, relies on vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectroscopy to detect individual isomers. The ALS is a type of particle accelerator kno ....

United States , Musahid Ahmed , Marsel Zagidullin , Alexander Mebel , Wenchao Lu , Ralf Kaiser , Berkeley Lab Chemical Sciences Division , Berkeley Lab Advanced Light Source , Florida International University , Valeriy Azyazov At Samara National Research University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lab , Wenchao Lu At Berkeley Lab , Berkeley Lab On , Office Of Science , Berkeley Lab , Thor Swift Berkeley Lab , University Of Hawaii At Manoa , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Science Advances , Advanced Light Source , Chemical Sciences Division , Florida International , Long Zhao , Valeriy Azyazov , Samara National Research University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ,

Key to Carbon-Free Cars? Berkeley Lab Scientists Look to the Stars


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Illustration of a supernova explosion. Such swirling masses of matter gave shape to the earliest forms of carbon – precursors to molecules some scientists say are connected to the synthesis of the earliest forms of life on Earth. (Credit: NASA images/Shutterstock)
F
or nearly half a century, astrophysicists and organic chemists have been on the hunt for the origins of C
6H
6, the benzene ring – an elegant, hexagonal molecule comprised of 6 carbon and 6 hydrogen atoms.
Astrophysicists say that the benzene ring could be the fundamental building block of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons or PAHs, the most basic materials formed from the explosion of dying, carbon-rich stars. That swirling mass of matter would eventually give shape to the earliest forms of carbon – precursors to molecules some scientists say are connected to the synthesis of the earliest forms of life on Earth. ....

United States , Musahid Ahmed , Marsel Zagidullin , Alexander Mebel , Wenchao Lu , Ralf Kaiser , Berkeley Lab Chemical Sciences Division , University Of California , Berkeley Lab Advanced Light Source , Thor Swift Berkeley Lab Senior , Florida International University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Valeriy Azyazov At Samara National Research University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lab , Berkeley Lab On , Office Of Science , Berkeley Lab , Thor Swift Berkeley Lab , University Of Hawaii At Manoa , Science Advances , Advanced Light Source , Chemical Sciences Division , Florida International , Long Zhao , Valeriy Azyazov , Samara National Research University ,

Key to carbon-free cars? Look to the stars


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IMAGE: Senior staff scientist Musahid Ahmed (left) and postdoctoral researcher Wenchao Lu near the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley Lab on May 21, 2021. They used a special technique, which.
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Credit: Thor Swift/Berkeley Lab
For nearly half a century, astrophysicists and organic chemists have been on the hunt for the origins of C
6H
6, the benzene ring - an elegant, hexagonal molecule comprised of 6 carbon and 6 hydrogen atoms.
Astrophysicists say that the benzene ring could be the fundamental building block of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons or PAHs, the most basic materials formed from the explosion of dying, carbon-rich stars. That swirling mass of matter would eventually give shape to the earliest forms of carbon - precursors to molecules some scientists say are connected to the synthesis of the earliest forms of life on Earth. ....

United States , Musahid Ahmed , Marsel Zagidullin , Alexander Mebel , Ralf Kaiser , University Of California , Berkeley Lab Chemical Sciences Division , Berkeley Lab Advanced Light Source , Florida International University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Valeriy Azyazov At Samara National Research University , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lab , Wenchao Lu At Berkeley Lab , Office Of Science , Berkeley Lab , University Of Hawaii At Manoa , Science Advances , Chemical Sciences Division , Advanced Light Source , Florida International , Long Zhao , Valeriy Azyazov , Samara National Research University , Chemistry Physics Materials Sciences , Industrial Engineering Chemistry , Energy Sources ,