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E-Mail A previous version of the Cochrane review, consisting of 63 trials, seemed to show probiotics were effective. In this update, the addition of new trials, including two large well-conducted trials; the finding of substantive publication bias; and the use of GRADE led to a change in the authors assessment of effectiveness. Authors from LSTM, the Philippines, and New Zealand undertook this extensive update of this Cochrane Review (link is external)looking at the effectiveness of treating acute infectious diarrhoea with probiotics. Acute infectious diarrhoea is a major global disease that particularly affects children in low- and middle-income countries. Acute diarrhoea usually improves within a few days. However, in severe acute diarrhoea the loss of water and salts from the body may be substantial, causing dehydration and even death. ....