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Trade and Competitiveness in Argentina, Brazil and Chile: International competitiveness of the A-B-C agro-food sector

Etudes économiques par pays

Chapter 4 of Trade and Competitiveness in Argentina, Brazil and Chile analyses in more detail the agro-food sector in A-B-C. Depending on the country, this sector represents between 40-50 per cent of exports, 10-15 per cent of GDP and 15-30 of employment. Primary agriculture consists of relatively homogeneous products with many small producers which individually cannot exercise market power. The food industry has become more concentrated and internationalised. Retail distribution is now a key component of the food chain, with monopsony power reinforced by buyer alliances.
The ability to compete in foreign markets in the agro-food sector depends increasingly not only on costs and quantities, but also on transport costs, inventory management, and other improvements in logistics. For the food industries, product differentiation is a main element of competition (both in terms of variety and quality). Overall, the ability to compete ....

France General , Jonathan Brooks , Trade Barriers , Foreign Direct Investment , Latin America , South America , Agro Food Sector , Food Manufacturing , Food Processing , Trade Protection , பிரான்ஸ் ஜநரல் , ஜொனாதன் ஓடை , வர்த்தகம் தடைகள் , வெளிநாட்டு நேரடி முதலீடு , லத்தீன் அமெரிக்கா , தெற்கு அமெரிக்கா , உணவு உற்பத்தி , உணவு ப்ரோஸெஸிஂக் , வர்த்தகம் ப்ரொடெக்ஶந் ,

The negative effects of tariffs on downstream sectors | VOX, CEPR Policy Portal

Gabriel Felbermayr, Marina Steininger, Erdal Yalcin
China has emerged as a world trading power thanks to its deep economic reforms beginning in the 1980s, as well as its membership in the WTO since 2001. China’s share of global manufacturing exports surged from 2% to 16% between 1990 and 2011 (Acemoglu et al. 2016). Starting in 2018, the Trump administration introduced a series of tariffs on imports from China, triggering retaliation. The resulting US-China trade war stimulated several studies on the effects of the costs and benefits of protection (e.g. Amiti et al. 2019, Flaaen and Pierce 2019, Fajgelbaum et al. 2020, Flaaen et al. 2020).
However, the US had targeted China with special tariffs for decades and long before Donald Trump took office in 2017. The main trade policy instrument was antidumping (AD). Over 1988-2016, the average US AD duty against China more than tripled, from 45% to 148% (Figure 1). Under President Trump, it was further increased to 166%. ....

United States , Donald Trump , Journal Of International Economics , World Bank Economic , Electoral College , International Trade Commission , Under President Trump , Temporary Trade Barriers Database , Labor Economics , Intermediate Inputs , American Economic Review , Economic Perspectives , Global Value , Private Political Pressure , Legal Studies , Firm Learning , European Journal , Political Economy , Antidumping Policy , Trade Barriers , Protection Along Supply , Enforcing Trade Agreements , Time Varying Trade , Timed Trade , International Economics , Final Goods ,