A humanitarian ceasefire with the purpose of the exchange of prisoners and other people that are detained by both sides as well as for handing over the bodies of the people that have been killed since the 27th of september when this conflict started the president of toyota still in at the close state of emergency in a bid to rest following disputed parliamentary elections the military has been deployed to the camp to enforce the measure. The 2nd u. S. President ial debate between donald trump and his democratic rival joe biden has been canceled it was scheduled to take place next week organizers wanted to hold it virtually coronavirus but the president. The number of new daily corona virus infections has passed 350000 worldwide for the 1st time European Countries are seeing a spike in cases in italy the number of new infections is up to its highest levels since march and the government in spain has imposed a state of emergency on the capital madrid as it tries to limit the spread at least 4 people have been killed and several others injured in an explosion in fuel type foreign lebanons capital it happened in one of the most densely populated just tricks in beirut. Security forces in nigeria tear gas said protesters rallying against Police Brutality demonstrations broke out across the country after a video circulated last week which appears to show members of the special anti robbery squad and saws killing a man. All right youre up to date with the headlines here announces it got more news coming out than right about half an hour or right off the. He began with war and to put it just here i called shall i felt i felt like i was that a documentary filmmaker once granted unconditionally contrasts his experiences with those seeking refuge today and intimate you know of the consequences of the policies of detainment thrilly on thats the sort of illness misery they cannot absorb this number that people have to suffer and in this way it is unacceptable and refugees. On aljazeera. This is techno show innovations that can change lives the science of fighting wildfires were going to explore the intersection of hardware intern manatees and were doing it when. This is a show about science lol are now lies scientists tonight true. Its everywhere out there landfills overflowing its those smells so bad but some of our trash. Should be recycled why isnt it being done more techno investigates the problem with plastic they troll it on the streets or troi it in the ocean we have the technology i want to tell you so why dont we use it so you dont i will happen said the plastic because a doctor should be so mars is a mechanical engineer dr crystal dilworth is a neuroscientist struck down by a guy that claimed that life in one field taurus and an entomologist thats our team they are now lets do some science. Hey guys walking the techno im phil taurus today were going to be talking trash and a ton of it and joining me with this trash talk dr crystal door and dr shu some are now 1st up the. Waterborne know by some estimates here in the u. S. Release 50000000000 of these every year in the midst number one is that this is going to be recycled correct actually its probably not going to be recycled a lot of Water Bottles that we think are headed for recycling facility and up in landfills and theres landfills that has a really negative impacts on the surrounding communities its actually quite shocking for the material that is designed to be used over and over again actually only gets used once and what weve done is take a water bottle just like this one of its journey after its been blue bins to see exactly what happens. In. The world is addicted to plastic. It was sold to us as the product of the future product. This educational video from the 1940 s. Celebrates the convenience of plastic arrow you are not. Reading our camper. Back then it was a symbol of the modern times to come 6 decades later the reality is. The earth is choking on it. According to the United StatesEnvironmental Protection agency only 9 percent of plastic is making its way into the recycling stream thats a people problem as they toured on the streets or troi in the ocean or unfortunately thats a habit that has to be stopped its our addiction to single use plastic for fast food storage and packaging convenience thats at the root of the problem were guilty of and we should just admit it dr steven not is a professor of Materials Science at u. S. C. He studies the physics and chemistry of materials like plastic seems to have been a material that was developed for convenience but were now. Almost 100 years later paying the price if you look at the population as a whole probably a majority have not yet realized the magnitude of the problem. And nothing symbolizes the problem like the under present plastic water bottle americans consume water from about 50000000000 bottles a year. Made from the school to p. T. Polyethylene terrified late to monomers Ethylene Glycol and purify tariff acid combine to create a polymer resulting in a lightweight strong material why then does it last all my stuff to infinity in the landfill these essentially are the same type of bonds that hold together diamond if youre conscientious enough to throw a water bottle into a blue recycle bin like we do here at techno and you probably think that water bottle is going to be turned into another water bottle but that may not necessarily be the case techno wants to find out what happens next so we followed the water bottle. This is the massive 20 facility near los angeles california. Located near a large metropolis it can take a lot of trash. If you take a football field from post to post 10 feet high. Fill it up with trash about a 3rd of that water that comes over here every day. 3000 tons a day this facility offers a glimpse into the wilds of single stream recycling because all of the recycled material it receives comes from a Single Source been like this convenient because all recyclables end up in one basket but theres a price you cant unscramble an egg Susan Collins is a manufacturing engineer who heads up a nonprofit recycling institute once materials get mixed together too much like glass shards ending up in paper or plastic bottles ending up in the paper streamer aluminum cans ending up in the plastic stream all of that is detrimental to recycling sorting see. To be a massive component there are multiple compositions of plastic when these different plastics are blended together then the recycling become difficult to impossible thats exactly whats happening at the plenty of pounds that means of those who wont be turned back into another bottle but instead it will go on another journey into the secondary plastic market one of the myths is that once you place the water possible in a blue recycle bin it can actually be made back into water bottle again the technology is that why isnt it being done more you know i cant really speak to the industry what happens after you know the water bottle leaves our facility we just make sure that the containers that come in here are recovered as much as possible so you dont know what happens to the plastic that you recover once youve given it to the broker both no but from what we understand that there is a local market for that but for the most part lot of the material is shipped overseas mostly to be Asian Pacific in 2014 the 2nd g plastic market sent about hoff of californias plastic trash to china because its a mix of all the different types of plastics it can only be melted down repurposed a process known as down cycling it could be t. Shirts it could be teddy bear stuffing it could be carpets. Because down cycle products and. They just take a longer trip before they eventually end up in a landfill and theres another inherent problem with single stream recycling half of the country has access to recycling and the other half might have a drop off program that might be nearby or it might be 10 or 20 miles away in the u. S. Were able to see news about 5 to 7 percent Recycled Content m. P. T. Beverage bottles in the United States the number in germany is 25 to 35 percent in the you. Us bottle bills are rare california is only one of 6 states that places a redemption value on noncarbonated p. D. T. Bottles with what we have a national possible because it seems to be so successful sure its purely for political reasons but one bottles of purchased in california consumers pay anywhere from a nickel to a dime deposit on them at checkout. We see about a 1000000 and a half customers a Canadian Based Company replanted with 700 locations in the u. S. Offers a plastic buyback program. There are sorts of middleman in the plastics trade they redeem bottles for deposit. The result is dramatic the recycling right in california is typically 3 times higher than that of the rest of the nation here at this replanted sorting facility they process over 2000000 bottles a day packaging up the best quality p. T. These mountains of plastic oppressed cracked and then by among the by is this p. T. Is carbonite its a 220000. 00 square foot plant but they transform use plastic into material from the bottles. As a mechanical engineer. I feel like a kid in a candy store that is very little more than i know you have. Found spore here were broken in the past expressed separated from any debris and then washed in hot water in our 2nd stage that washes it very clearly separates the cabs and labels from the p. C. Bottles is then separated into clear petey greene. The clear in color to p. T. Is ground into flakes and washed again heated then melted and then becomes pellets. The ones who want the full bottle to bottle recycling the plastic from one bottle is used to make another nothing and often not until they even recycle the labels and casts. In pepsis they could use among the companies heavily invested in one to one. So if we get the recycled retiring up in the us you know its very easy. For us to have a 100 percent recycled material for use if you keep something in a closed loop he replacing version resources over and over and over again catches up with you in a pretty awesome way and is responsible for avoiding a whole bunch of environmental consequences. Throw away living. A promise of liberation. Americans are free at last this feature and life magazine 1950 signaled the beginning of a throwaway society. If people only knew the problem that they were creating when they extolled the virtues of throwaway living this is a monster in the creating right here. Below. Right in the center do you know about something. They want to expand those experiences alders oh constantly for years. These neighbors are talking trash as a group of milpitas california residents go door to door to buy the expansion of the newbie island landfill located in the neighboring city of san jose. They hold weekly meetings at stakes and they host town halls there is a significant odor that comes from the movie island facility sometime you know when i just go out and take a walk i just feel dizzy and i feel like story only because hes like a huge bathroom you know this is so smells so bad. Milpitas california a sleepy Bedroom Community is the gateway to Silicon Valley a bustling tech town of 70000. 00 many citizens here say the garbage is taking over. And ruining their quality of life. Im a Real Estate Broker and years ago very few people would ask about otar now 100 percent of the people that are buyers within the community are asking about the odor that is going to affect Property Values newbie Island Resource Recovery park here in san jose is a landfill operated by Republic Services the nations 2nd largest Waste Management company its been taking trash since 1030 and was scheduled to close in 2025. Instead today the city of san jose is not only planning to keep it open until 2041 they want to grow it from 150 feet above sea level to 245 feet increasing its capacity more than 15000000 cubic yards. We fill it and that is that is the fashion oh well i want to move out of this area americans create about 250000000 tons of trash a year. In 1988 there were about 8000 landfills in america 2 decades later that number dropped to below 2000 spurred on by environmental and Health Concerns heavily Populated Areas started closing landfills and shipping trash to more remote regions. San francisco hauls its trash about 50 miles across the bay to york city trash is trucked out of state to new jersey pennsylvania even as far away as ohio virginia and South Carolina and until recently america was doing a brisk business selling its crap to china but now even china is leery times of changed awareness of the public is much greater about Health Issues now than it was when newby began newbie is one of the largest active landfills on the shores of San Francisco bay i think its like this in america the city of milpitas filed a lawsuit against san jose over environmental impacts caused by the landfill. The bay area air Quality Management district which has received 2000 new b. Landfill order complaints has issued newbie island 5 public nuisance violations related to odor issues according to a district spokesman theyre still negotiating the fines. Trash is a big business and an unfortunate smelly business too don lynch field is the Northern California environmental manager for a Public Services the community itself seems to have some concerns about this site and the odor problem that theyre experiencing unfortunately weve been a little slow to address those concerns and wed like to apologize to the community for that here at the landfill weve had order mitigation plan that weve been working on for years we get a lot of fresh refuse that comes in every day and we have order mr stations set up in strategic locations throughout the landfill that can mitigate some of the fresh orders. In addition the public says it invested heavily in the state of the art recycling facility to help divert landfill list. All of the mature that we accept over a 1000 tons a day in the bay area in california comes into this facility and we diverted from the landfill so weve processed the material and removed everything its recyclable. 200000 tons a year are being diverted from the landfill are all 4400 tons of paper and 30 tons of plastic 90 tons of the last 30 tons of metal and every day despite diverting nearly 50 percent of their annual beats the landfill is still growing and that causes some to look toward another possible solution. In sweden a country that boast 33. 00 incinerators trash is burned to create fuel and whats known as waste to energy about half of their waste is recycled and the rest is parent less than one percent goes to landfill sweden is known as a world leader in waste to energy incinerators like this one which utilizes modern technology to capture and control emissions San Francisco authorities tell us they have no plans to build an incinerator in the bay area instead they say they plan to increase composting and to continue to ban what they call bad designs. What is your hope for San Francisco what were trying to do is really break that addiction to pasta quater San Francisco is the 1st city in the country to ban the single use water bottle from City Property in the case of our ban on single use plastic Water Bottles the goal here is to establish a marker laid down in San Francisco to work with other cities to do the same in the meantime however we are still a consumer and done nation republic landfill manager Augustine Marino says he wants to residents know just one thing. Ringback as the one that works in trash for a living and you hear the concerns of the citizens in the u. S. What you have to say to them this is not a dog you know you hear that were very often and for us you know that we work here every day its not fair to call this a dog this is modern sonny feels we take pride in what we do here these residents say they just wish they were doing it somewhere else. So this is not a day im just waiting for my vehicle and im fighting for a day and. Nobodys going to get is going to be the. Mountains of trash piled high as the eye can see at this landfill just outside San Francisco but inside this mass scientists see potential some of this waste is organic about 40 percent of Landfill Waste nationwide is from food thats waste that doesnt have to be there innovators are tackling that waste a program that takes food from restaurants and farms in the area turns that waste into energy and were finding new ways or what we used to call we right now mark 90 percent of their Waste Recycling composting gabrielle is on a small cafe in San Franciscos Mission District she composts everything im a strong believer that im doing what i can and that is that i can what shes doing here on a small scale is part of a much bigger picture. If you look at what shes doing here in terms of diverting waste away from landfills and creating a recycling type of circuit here with everything that happens at elles and thats what we have to look to inspired by western europe San Francisco opera owners like the financial incentives to compost. A lot of these Small Businesses are actually doing it for economic reasons it lowers their bill always for recycling for their garbage but overall money is a way to motivate people but its not the only motivator when the food waste is in the landfill it decomposes and it generates methane gas and methane is a very potent Greenhouse Gas john hake is a Civil Engineer who runs the Research Recovery program in the east bay with a combined solid food waste with liquid waste water to create fuel it has no youre out there a r d n a yes thats the term we use to describe this its like a black gold. The process works like this food waste from throughout the bay area is trucked here to the east bay municipal utility district east bay mud the Sewage Treatment plant and a pioneer of green power were the 1st plant in north america to be commentor genius to all and ultimately energy on today. When we started the trackways grammy for a 5th about 40 percent of the energy we needed to run the plants and thats pretty typical irwins under treatment plan today were at 130 percent of our to be and not allowed thats just going to Double Energy to the word of the land our neighbors next to ours. And what actually happened there were standing by a pipe thats labeled heated the heated sludge is going into an anaerobic charge just a digester is like the human stuff so organic material goes see into the digester and in there its bio degraded by bacteria and they feed the solid material and that solid material is being converted into bio gas and that bio is a Great Renewable Energy source and its a fuel that we use to run our engines and turbaned to generate electricity let me get this straight i had a bunch of it and i think the energy in the fuel that i can from that and then it goes and theyre at that and you know collect that and youre getting at the bacteria that theyre turning it into energy thats correct each digester here is about 2000000. 00 and we 11 of them so thats 22000000 gallons of capacity east bay mud shared the technology and now other Water Treatment facilities in Brooklyn New York and in california cities of murder in 1000 oaks fresno in san diego are using it. Most of us dont think about. The waste whether its flushing the toilet or throwing things in the garbage it just kind of disappears and i think as a society weve been very successful at sort of highlighting where the waste go and i think as time goes on and the population grows and waste generation grows they will become more aware of waste generation this is a great responsibility both on the sides have big impact and they are in the world for the next generation. So through all of this its clear there is a problem out there with recycling with way too much pressure what can we do is consumers well and some people think its an individual choice we just need to get better at sorting our trash and sorting our recyclables and actually following through and others think that we need to be taking a legislative approach and in San Francisco if ban Water Bottles and Government Property and maybe we can do more things like that when i work in latin america glass bottles or the norm there that is what you use whenever you get a soda from a restaurant or something but the difference there is you are expected to return that glass bottle to the person and they recycle it was a times theyll give you a quarter in return but if you dont return that glass bottle youre being very rude its like a societal norm that you are breaking i think as consumers we need to be extremely mindful of not using plastic ones so just try and you know increase the times piece of packaging and then just make sure that you trash in a bleep in once you finish with it when it comes to responsible use i mean also you think about whether or not youre putting it in the blue bin at all i mean a lot of people just have this idea what im going to throw it in the trash and throw it in this bin and whatever it is its going to disappear into the ether and now im absolved of all responsibility but it has to go somewhere i mean conservation of mass if nothing else really did make me more aware of how much plastic im actually using when i use a plastic straw or plastic cup only those things we just because it seems like theres so many of them we just use them once and throw more. Thats the absolute is nothing like standing at the open face of a landfill and going through your head of like why threw away that yogurt container and that i had a water bottle this morning and probably in there you really start to realize how much of this waste you generate and day im sure you can see it and you can smell it yes it is certainly a dirty job but an important one to tell so thank you for bringing that to us thats it for now be sure to check it so next time right here on techno dive deep into these stories and go behind the scenes at aljazeera dot com slash techno. Expert contributors on Twitter FacebookInstagram Google plus and more. Frank assessment if American Public opinion is betrayed by social media platforms tough to know. What would be there because if you believe that theyre corrosive to our democracy one obvious solution is to break from an informed opinion. Anyway the protesters arent going anywhere either its an. Indepth analysis of the days global headlines who is it thats really out there on the street the inside story on aljazeera. Soon as the sun goes down. Russia is a very challenging place to work. Even though the authorities here say you cant do it its not allowed to build always. Proud of the stance of most always on the love the people are being taken for peacefully march here put this into fact we are traveling the extra mile where are the media dont go we go there and we give them a chance to tell their story. Cut through the noise 6 figure back up 100 in the intricate few hours and listen journalist the fact that there are 5 ways elvis or one of the problems that theyre just really are a lot of people of color who are making him off press run as i alluded to the effect it would cause for the risk of a fine day i prefer that because i can earn our work table by the listening post monitors and in tougher its the media on aljazeera. Keeping law and order is a primary function of any state. Protecting the people became Police Brutality a domestic incident became a global law crime. In a country torn apart by racial inequality. Can americans find a leader to unite them. Follow the key issues of the us elections. On aljazeera. As protests rage across america more black lives are lost despite the promises of Police Reform faultlines hears from those demanding justice the truth accountability transparency thats what i desire from the city and desperately need to change i have no faith in a situation that needs to be reminded not to tell king moment of reckoning racism and police in america on a jersey about. Ready. A pause in the deadly fight for now got to care about. Agree to a ceasefire after talks in moscow. This is al jazeera life and also coming up. A state of emergency declared in kyrgyzstans capital after days of protests and prison breaks over elections now declared invalid. The 2nd u. S. President ial debate is canceled