Quorum be dispensed with. The presiding officer without objection. Mr. Schumer well, mr. President , for more than a year and a half, leader mcconnell and Senate Republicans have refused to take action on the housepassed for the people act. At a time when our democracy is under siege in so many ways, the for the people act is a bold proposal that will restore Peoples Trust in our democratic system, a trust that is fading. It is under it is for the people. In order to make a more perfect union. It would shore up our elections from threats from abroad. Thats something we have just recently read more and more about. Why arent we doing more on that . In fact, when senator van hollen a few days ago put on the floor the an act u. C. Of an act that would say russia should have sanctions imposed on it if they interfere with our elections, the other side blocked it. I hope theyre not following Donald Trumps obeisance to russia and his view that putins just okay. It would also dismantle systematic hurdles that discourage voter participation. One of the worst things the Supreme Court has done and there are quite a few under this conservative majority is the is shelby, the shelby decision. Where Justice Roberts, leading the charge, said we can dismantle the toughest protections under the Voting Rights act, and he said states arent going to discriminate any more, and within a year, 20 states passed laws making it harder to vote. Thats despicable. Thats an awful case. It would help beat back decades of loose finance rules that have empowered special interests at the expense of the American People. We all know about the dark money thats cascading in our system. In fact, Sheldon Whitehouse asked do you make that public disclose those kinds of contributions when it came to the Supreme Court where rightwing money pours in to make sure that rightwing nominees get on the court and move to pull the american agenda so much further to the right than the American People ever would. Well, in general, there is too much dark money, too much special interest money. This would undo it. As election interference remains an urgent threat, as efforts to disenfranchise voters, especially voters of color, young voters and lowincome voters persist, and as powerful special interests continue to exercise outside influence in our elections, the need for this legislation couldnt be more clear. Unfortunately, the republican leader has other priorities. Rather than strengthen our democracy, rather than protecting our right to vote, rather than fighting big money or tackling corruption, rather than addressing any of the myriad of problems in our democracy that this country faces, leader mcconnell is undoing democracy by rushing through a lifetime appointment to the Supreme Court mere days before an election. You couldnt find a more different set of priorities from that of Everyday Americans if you tried. I urge leader mcconnell to stop this unprecedented and nakedly partisan process and instead put this important legislation on the floor for a vote now. Lets discuss it lets debate it. Lets not just reject it at a time when we need to do so much of this. So in order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 1, the for the people act, i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Braun mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from indiana. Mr. Braun reserving the right to object, i want to go through just a few its really more than a few. Its a lot of whats embedded in this bill. I would call it the democratic politician protection act. Lets listen to a few of these things. The constitution vests primarily responsibility in the states, set time, place, and manner of elections. States and localities have determined how to conduct elections for a long, long time. H. R. 1 through a topdown federal approach completely reverses this longstanding tradition. Rather than strengthening the election process, paves the way for rampant i think fraud, abuse, litigation that diminishes the value of a legitimate vote. By doing these rushed reforms, lets look at the 2018 midterm elections. Polling show that 92 of voters found their experience very easy or somewhat easy. Why fix it if it isnt broken . It imposes a d. C. Style election process on the states, requiring all state agencies and federal agencies, including colleges and universities, to automatically register voters, including those that are 16 and 17 years old, preempts state registration deadlines that would require sameday registration, without verification safeguards, expands the number of agencies that must contribute voter records, even to those who have no experience of expertise in voter enrollment, forcing states to accept a sworn statement as proof of identity instead of photo identification, and a Record Record the vote as a regular ballot. It expands absentee ballot availability, requires states to provide prepaid postage for all mailin ballots. It does so many things thats different from what we currently have got in a system that in most places is working fine. It does not include provisions that require or encourage states to remove inaccurate voter information. It reduces the integrity of voter rolls by restricting the state ability to maintain voter rolls and records to ensure voter identity accuracy. There are no penalties for anyone who is falsely registered, prohibits states from being able to continue routine maintenance on their own voter lists. It also creates numerous private rights of action that pave the way for trial lawyers to sue when the results of an election are not to their liking. It makes the federal Election Commission a partisan body, polite sizes the f. E. C. By changing the neutral, evenly divided sixmember body into a fivemember panel. It makes a new partisan f. E. C. , changes the latitude to determine and interpret the subjective enforcement test established by this bill. It in essence takes what is working and complicates it with the topdown federal system. We should not be rushing into Something Like this that is that comprehensive. We should be paying attention to the process of getting a bone ba fide judge across the finish line, which i think most of us intend to do. Therefore, i object to this bill and to moving to the legislative session. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Schumer mr. President . The presiding officer the democratic leader. Mr. Schumer i have another request. As americans face job loss, health crises, isolation, and enormous daily stress during the pandemic, the risk of suicide has tragically gone up. The c. D. C. Found that since the pandemic began, twice as Many Americans report serious consideration of suicide. The rate of suicide risk is especially high among young americans, minorities, essential workers, and caregivers. Well, unfortunately, this is hitting our armed forces as well. The armys chief of staff, general mcconville, stated that he sees correlation between covid and a rise in military suicides. And my office recently received a note, a tragically sat note, from a group in roaches steeks a veteran in their region, 50 years of age, and struggling during the pandemic. When he stopped receiving the 600 unemployment assistance, he was unable to make his mortgage payments and unfortunately, and sadly, very recently committed suicide. I have no doubt that there are more American Veterans out there going through the same struggle. Each one is a separate and heartbreaking tragedy. These men and women whove risked their lives for us are taking their own lives, and its incumbent on us to do something about it. If congress can implement Suicide Prevention initiatives, we may be able to make a difference. The house has passed a number of bills to get Suicide Prevention funding and new resources out to communities. Im going to ask that we go into legislative session to consider four of those housepassed bills. This pandemic has taken so many lives, and we sometimes forget that its not just those whove contracted covid but those who are pushed to unimaginable stress and devastation because of what covid has done to our economy, our friends, and our convey of life. And our way of life. The senate should be passing these bills and helping helping out those who may be hiding in the shadows but crying out for help. So there are four bills, and i think till ask for consideration for them en banc . Is that permitted . The presiding officer without objection. Mr. Schumer in order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 5619, the Suicide Prevention act, 55972, Family Support services for addiction act of 2020, h. R. 4861, effective suicide screening and assessment in Emergency Department act of 2020, and h. R. 4585, the campaign to prevent suicide act. I ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there an objection . Mr. Braun mr. President . The presiding officer yes, the senator from wisconsin. Mr. Johnson reserving the right to object, when the covid crisis first hit, this body all of congress recognized how serious the situation was and we acted. We acted very bipartisan fashion. We acted in a massive passion, as a matter of fact. We understood that the American People through no fault of their own, businesses are shutting down, people are unemployed, and we needed to provide a massive level of relief, and we did that in a bipartisan, almost unanimous fashion. All of the needs have not been met. Republicans completely understand that, which is why we spent the august recess in daily calls talking amongst ourselves, trying to focus and target where the relief is best directed. We understood what we passed the more than 3 trillion of covid relief in the early parts of this pandemic that our efforts were going to be far from perfect, but they were needed relief and again we supported it. Many but one of the things we were trying to focus on when were already 27 trillion in debt, recognizing the fact that we dont have an unlimited credit card, that we had to really kind of take the time and hone the next relief package. And so we did that over the august recess. We came together with a very targeted, very appropriate and still very expensive package, over 600 billion when you add up the plusup for unemployment benefits, 300 per week, a level that is sufficient but not so high that it actually provides incentive for people to stay on the sidelines and not enter the workforce. In my state, wisconsin, one of the biggest problems employers have is they simply dont have the ability to track people off the sidelines when youve got a 600 plusup. We provided additional funding for p. P. P. , particularly for Small Businesses that have been devastated. Owners have seen their life savings wiped o that additional over 200 plusup in relief for Small Businesses would be targeted. It would be appropriate. Its necessary. Over 100 billion for schools, tens of billions of dollars for additional testing and vaccines, billions of dollars for child care, and for agriculture. Again, in total, on top of 3 trillion, which is 14 of our g. D. P. By the way, a fair amount of that still is unspent and unobligated. So we took a little bit of that thats been unspent and unobligated and repurposed it for this new targeted package. 52 republican senators voted thor that bill twice. But rather than take yes for an answer, rather than saying, thank you, we will support this level of relief for the American People, our colleagues on the other side of the aisle just said no. The analogy we have been using, if i went up to you and said, mr. President , give me 200. And you kind of looked at me in shock but because you are a he a generous individual, maybe not 200, ill give you 100. Because you dont give me the full 200, i go stomping off and dont even take the 100. Thats what our colleagues on the other side of the aisle are doing. We supported 600 billion on top of 3 trillion in relief, necessary relief, needed relief for unemployment benefits, for Small Businesses, for vaccines, testing, education, child care. Its there for the taking. All they have to do is say yes. And yet they say no because theyd rather have an issue rather than result. Are they serious about helping the American Public or do they just want to play politics . I think the answer is quite obvious. Mr. President , i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Schumer mr. President . The presiding officer the democratic leader. Mr. Schumer the emaciated bill filled with poison pills that my friend from wisconsin talks about was never intended to pass. The republican majority waited five months before doing anything while people were suffering. The bill does not contain close to what is needed. And so basically his analogy is incorrect. The analogy would be saying you have a series of serious illnesses. Lets treat one because we dont want to pay for the others, even though youre willing to increase the deficit by giving a tax break for the wealthy. So this cry about deficit when it comes to helping middleclass people, hurting people, unemployed people, people who cant feed their kids no, its the deficit. When it comes to giving a big tax break to wealthy corporations and wealthy people, thats fine. So i dont really take my the words of my colleague from wisconsin, much as i respect him, very seriously. Our republican friends put this emaciated bill on the floor at the last minute because they got such pressure for doing nothing. They know it cant pass the house. They know it is totally inadequate. The greatest economic crisis from since the great depression, the greatest Health Care Crisis for 100 years, since the spanish pandemic flu, and our colleagues do next to nothing in terms of the crisis, load it with poison pills so they know it cant pass, know it cant pass the house, waited five months, and the American People know it. When theyre asked who wants to solve this problem, they know that its the democrats in the senate and the house that want to and the republicans that have resisted. So theres no question about t the bills i put i just asked for are small bills, not very expensive, that deal with you dont side. But of course the answer is no again. Its a sad, and unfortunate. But fortunately, the American People will be able to have a real say, not on the Supreme Court justice theyre rushing through, but on who will be the next administration and who will do more, and well see what their answer is. A senator would the senator yield . Mr. Schumer i would be happy to yield. Mr. Mr. Brown i rather senator johnson employers cant find workers. There are 600,000 people in my state that lost their Unemployment Insurance like that at the end of july. 600,000 people lost 600 a week. I go back to march when we passed this bill. It was so important, beesed it unanimously. There was one amendment that republicans wanted to this 2. 5 trillion bill. It was to strip out Unemployment Insurance so that those workers didnt get the 600 a week. What are they to live on . 600,000 people in my state cant find work, tens of thousands in iowa and utah what are they to do . We know theres going to be a wave of foreclosures evictions and foreclosures as people are thrown out of their apartments and their homes. And this Congress Continues to the senate just wont do its job. Do your job so if senator mcconnell would do his job so we can do our job and get this economy back on track. Thank you, mr. Leader. Mr. Schumer can i ask one final thing. The bill that my friend from wisconsin talks about was totally partisan. Which they know cant pass. And then when leader mcconnell put it on the floor, he filled the tree so it couldnt even be amended. So i yield the floor. Mr. Grassley mr. President . The presiding officer the senator from iowa. Mr. Grassley the senate will soon vote on the confirmation of judge barrett to become associate justice of the United States Supreme Court. I will be voting in favor of her nomination, and i urge my colleagues to do just the same. As was made clear to millions of americans who watched her hearing, judge barrett has the temperament, the modesty, and the humility that we should all expect in a judge. She approaches cases without bias or personal agenda. She made that very clear to almost every question asked to her by every member of the Judiciary Committee. Most importantly, judge barrett understands the proper role of members of the judiciary and our constitutional system of separated powers. That is, a judge should interpret, not make the law. Making law is under the constitution the responsibility of the congress. Not the Supreme Court. She also made that very clear in almost every question that she was asked by members of the Judiciary Committee. Judge barrett has an impressive command and of course a respect for the law and the constitution. Clearly from her testimony she respected precedent, and she practices judicial restraint. In her words, quote, a judge who approaches a case has an opportunity for an exercise of will has betrayed her judicial duty, end of quote. She went on to explain to the committee her legal method, how she considers statutes and the constitution and how she interprets and applies the statutes and the constitution. Her judicial method is rigorous and exacting but fair. She testified that she would listen to both sides in every case. She said, quote, we want judges to approach cases thoughtfully and with an open mind, end quote. When pressed on how she might rule in a particular case, judge barrett properly applied what we all know as the ginsburg rule, and she did it just like every other recent nominee to the Supreme Court for the last 30 years, when ginsburg first told the Judiciary Committee that there would be no hints, no previews, or forecasts, and judge barrett demonstrated her independence by often repeating Justice Ginsburgs rule. Ill specifically asked judge barrett i specifically asked judge barrett if she made any promises or guarantees to anyone about how she might rule in a case. She responded this way to my question. The eabs is the answer is no. No one ever talked about any case with me. I cant make any precommitments to this body either. It would be inconsistent with judicial independence. End of quote. End of and to quote further. Im not willing to make a deal, not with the committee nor with the president nor with anyone. I am independent, end quote. That quote, or similar words were spoken by judge barrett to almost suspicious judiciary member that she might have made some deal ahead of time to get on the Supreme Court. Contrary to critics and their claims about being biased, judge barrett is evenhanded. And has ruled for both plaintiffs and defendants in all kinds of cases. She believes in justice for all and accordance with the law and the constitution just like we would expect everybody thats a lifetime appointee to the judiciary to say those same things of we dont see all of them following that practice. She went on to tell the committee, quote, i am fully committed to equal justice under the law for all persons, end quote. When asked if she will follow the rule of the law wherever it leads, she said yes, and then, quote, i have deny i have an agenda to stick to the rule of law and decide cases as they come. End of quote. But that wasnt good enough for our democratic colleagues and their leftist allies. However, throughout the hearings democrats, and many in the media deliberately misrepresented judge barretts views on the Affordable Care act. They claimed her critique of chief Justice Roberts reasoning in the 2012 a. C. A. Case dictates how she would vote in some upcoming case. So they obviously didnt listen to her when she had no preconceived notions about any case and made no promises to anybody. So the democrats even pushed the storyline that judge barrett signaled to President Trump that shed support invalidating the a. C. A. If she were confirmed to the Supreme Court. That is nonsense. Judge barrett made clear that she doesnt have an agenda. She testified, quote, i have no whos tilt to the hostility to the a. C. A. Legal scholars critique Court Decisions all the time and even when they dont disagree with the outcome. For instance, Ruth Bader Ginsburg criticized the courts reasoning in roe v. Wade, but no one claims that ginsburg didnt support the outcome of roe v. Wade. Judge barretts critique then of roberts reasoning was shared by many legal commentators across the political spectrum, including ones on the other side of the aisle. Even president obama rejected the notion that the Affordable Care act was a tax instead of a penalty because that question of a tax or a penalty and the constitutionality or the unconstitutionality of the a. C. A. Was what they were critiquing based on roberts decision upholding the constitutionality of the a. C. A. Because it could be keenl under the constitutional under the taxing powers of the congress. So even roberts didnt pay any attention to the facts that we even had democrats saying that that penalty for the individual mandate was a penalty, it wasnt a tax. Now, moreover, judge barretts critique of Justice Roberts reasoning dealt with his interpretation of a provision that is no longer into effect because we did away with the individual mandate. The question before the Supreme Court this fall then is entirely separate so its pointless to speculate. But democrats wasted much time on that type of speculation question after question, democrat after democrat on that side when they were questioning her. Senate democrats want to portray judge barrett as a threat to health care. They want to distract from the fact that they recently filibustered a covid relief bill that would have protected preexisting conditions. This all then is just a democrat Election Year scare tactic and they are using it almost totally as a reason to vote against judge barrett. It happens, though, that the voters arent buying it. The public is not buying it. A recent political poll shows a majority of americans want the senate to confirm judge barrett. And a recent Huffington Post poll says, quote, voters favor the superior of the Supreme Court nominee Amy Coney Barrett by a ninepoint margin, end of quote. She will be confirmed. Thats what were going to do in just sunday into monday. Maybe our democratic colleagues will finally show up for work, do their job, and give judge barrett an upordown vote on the merits because i think the public, if they were listening in as the Judiciary Committee was voting her out of office, the public knows now that the democrats boycotted the committees deliberation. Lets not forget the same Senate Democrats just four years ago declared, quote, unquote, the court needs nine to function properly. Judge barrett is that nine. Only four years later they dont seem to think so. Judge barrett is a jurist of honor, of integrity, and of great principle. The Judiciary Committee received a number of letters in support of her nomination. They all praised her intellect, her judgment, her collegiality and her kindness. And we all saw that kindness as she testified over a threeday period of time. Mr. President , judge barrett wont be a politician on the bench. Shell make decisions as they should be decided in an impartial manner and in accordance with the law and the constitution. Im pleased to vote in favor of judge barretts confirmation to be an associate judge of the Supreme Court and i urge my colleagues to support her as well. Mr. Brown mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from ohio. Mr. Brown i thank the presiding officer. That sounded really good. Senator grassley knows that of course of course she was she was a good witness. Of course she didnt take positions. Of course she said i made no promises. Of course judge barrett said im openminded. But cut through it all. Im not a lawyer and i and i dont serve on the Judiciary Committee. I dont think that senator grassley is a lawyer. Im not sure. Maybe he is. I might be mistaken. I apologize if he is. We know why she was nominated. President trump said why she was nominated. President trump was very specific. He wants a judge who will overturn the Affordable Care act and he wanted her there quickly because the Affordable Care act hearings begin soon after the election. He wanted a judge who would who would who would undermine womens decision to make their own decisions about womens right to make their own decisions about health care. He put her on because he knows that she will oppose workers rights. He put her on because he knows shell oppose Marriage Equality and he put her on wanted her on quickly because he said, i want her there when the election is contested after the election. So and, of course, senator mcconnell, because senator mcconnell always does the bidding, senator mcconnell comes out of his office. Assume he gets many of his marching orders from the president of the United States, comes down here and 51 spineless and then theres the senator sitting in the presiding officers chair, i appreciate his courage, but 51 spineless senators do whatever the president tells mcconnell to them on issue after issue after issue. Thats the way this place works. Thats the corruption of this place, that the president of the United States said i want her confirmed now because i want her there to decide the election that im going to be involved in and i want her there now so she can overturn the Affordable Care act. Of course judge barrett said to the committee, well, i made no promises. I made no commitment, ive not cut deals with anybody. Of course she says that. But the fact is thats why the president nominated her. We know that. And we know, as a result in my state i know what the Affordable Care act has done in my state for the last decade. 900,000 people have insurance that didnt have insurance before the Affordable Care act. More than 100,000 people under the age of 26 have been able to get Health Insurance because they can stay on their Parents Health care plan. A million seniors in ohio have gotten gotten free, preventive care, screenings for osteoporosis, physicals, more than 100,000 ohio seniors have been able to save on prescriptions because of the Affordable Care act. And maybe most importantly, 50 500,000 ohioans have a preexisting condition, but for the last decade, why . Because of the Affordable Care act for the last decade those people with preexisting conditions, theyve theyve been protected. The Insurance Companies cant cant cant raise their rates because of the preexisting condition, they cant cancel their insurance because of the preexisting conditions. Those are gone. Those protections for preexisting conditions are gone if the Affordable Care act are gone, protections for people under 26 to stay their parents plan are gone if it is overturned by the Supreme Court. Democratically they couldnt do it because the citizens of this country didnt want it appealed so President Trump goes to the courts to overturn it so they can legitimate it. Thats why the comments by the senator from iowa are disingenuous. Of course she didnt sit in front of the committee and say, yeah, i made a deal. I have a decision on the Affordable Care act and gay rights. She didnt say that. Im not a lawyer, but i know enough to know that, that shes not going to come into the committee and do that. We know what its about. Its about repealing the Affordable Care act, its about taking rights away from the lgbtq citizens, its about taking rights away from women. And maybe its about the election. Senator mcconnell and the president know they are not going to win the presidency this week. They want this in case it ends up in the Supreme Court and republicans will have appointed six of the nine justices. Thats the game in town. Thats what we know is rigged, mr. President. Now, americans so Many Americans, millions of americans are frustrated and angry with the way the president has failed the country during this pandemic. We know 4 of the worlds population, 22 of the worlds of the deaths in the world are americans. Its not because we dont have good doctors in utah and wisconsin and ohio, its because of terrible president ial leadership. President trump and senator mcconnell have simply theyve essentially left the country to fend for itself during this pandemic. The stock markets up so trump and mcconnell seem to think everythings fine. The stock markets up, so what the heck. They are oblivious to the families staring at a stack of bills, they are oblivious to Small Businesses after years, in some cases decades, and family about ises businesses going back many, many decades watching hard work and investment evaporate in a few short months but the stock market is up. So they think everybody is fine for. Corporate luiss lobbyists do whatever it takes to make wall street recover and say we cant do anything to help anyone else. I hear from small familyowned businesses. How they are struggling. They are worried about whether or not they can make rent or make payroll. They have waited on the phone for hours and couldnt get answers about loans. These folks arent lounging in a corner office. They dont have highpriced lawyers and accountants that can do all the paperwork. They dont have the lobbyists lining up outside mr. Mcconnells office helping them. They are fighting for their dreams, mr. President. We know why they are struggling. We know why some of them still cant open their doors seven months, seven months into this crisis because the president and this senate is so has so botched this crisis. Again, 4 of the worlds population. 22 of the worlds deaths. The president said i take no responsibility, the president said not my fault, the president said i get a ten out of ten for how i have managed this. President trump has no plan, never has to control the virus. He has not even tried. If the president imagine, mr. President , if President Trump back in march, instead of lying to the American People, he knew how serious it was. He told his wall street friends, and he told that reporter from the post. I cant remember his name. He he told them it was serious, but he didnt tell the American People. He lied to us. Imagine instead if the president had worn a mask and stood up and treated us like adults and said to the American Public, you know, this is really serious. This could turn from an epidemic into a pandemic. We have to fight back. I am wearing a mask. I ask every american to wear a mask. Just like we ask people to wear seat belts and stop at stop signs. I want every american to wear a mask. I want people to socially distance so we can get this but he didnt do that. He didnt do any of that. He also came up with no national testing, Contact Tracing strategy. He didnt invoke the defense production act so that we could make cotton swabs and gloves and masks and gowns and all the things we need to do we needed to do to stay safe. He had none of that. He had no guidance on how businesses are supposed to protect their customers, no investment over vast resources. We see the results. We saw them in april and may and june and july and august and september and now october. In fact, in my state, as in many states, there are more coronavirus diagnoses every day, almost every day than there were a month ago, two months ago, six months ago. Local restaurants closed for good. Big chains may recover. Communities that already didnt get a lot of investment, brown and black neighborhoods, rural communities, places you cant see from trump tower, those places are seeing their homegrown businesses shut their doors and lay off workers. Blackowned businesses have closed at twice the rate of whiteowned businesses. We know latino and asianowned businesses are getting disproportionately hurt. Our office hears from so many of these ohio businesses. My we have done a series of virtual roundtables with ohio restaurants, one ohioan in zanesville talked about taking over the Family Business his dad first started 67 years ago. Business is down significantly. He tries to pay his employees a living wage and gives them time off for vacations and family needs. He is a really good employer. He is afraid of letting his employees down. Another a bar owner in bellfountain told us his sales are down, he is worried about his own businesses. When he wrote to me, he didnt just talk about himself. He said he is worried about the ripple effects on the farmers and suppliers and Truck Drivers and so many others. Now he is dreading the winter when he wont even be able to use the patio. He wonders what he is going to do, what the suppliers are going to do. Its not just restaurants. The media reported a newsstand in downtown cleveland owned by an indian immigrant who came to ohio and has lived the American Dream. Built a business, employing other clevelanders. Now the Office Building is empty, the food court is closed. His sales have dropped from 700 a day to just 200 a day. He is looking at possible choices unless the government helps. We know he can. He did it in the spring when we passed payroll protection. There were all kinds of implementation problems. The secretary of the treasury and the president seemed more interested in the big guys than the little guys. Too many businesses went to the front of the line, but despite all that, we hear from businesses that are open today only because of p. P. P. I heard from spangler candy in brian, ohio. Familyowned company, i toured their plant. I have seen the great work this i believe fourth generation Management Team has done. They have seen business drop 70 . They had to take their First Federal support in the 114year history using p. P. P. To prevent layoffs. They kept their doors open. They provided pandemic premium pay for their teamster employees. A music and arts venue, the westside bowl in youngstown, talked to one roundtable about how they had zero dollars in revenue in the past six months. P. P. P. Kept their office staff and stagehands on payroll but as it runs out, so will their ability to pay employees. Ohio parts manufacturer in warren just north of youngstown represented by steelworkers lost 90 of their business when auto plants shut down. P. P. P. Made a difference. They are now back to about 70 of their capacity. Poultrierbury farm is a family farm in freemont. One of their crops are pumpkins. Pumpkin sales were down. P. P. P. Was helpful, but now they are worried about whether or not they can repay. Aplus cleaners in dayton has seen demand plummet. People dont need much dry cleaning when they are working from home. They are able to stay home with an eidl loan and a cares act grant from the county. They are terrified about what happens when the money runs out. We have a bill to get more help to these businesses. The Small Business lifeline act that would extend p. P. P. Through at least next spring. We get more funding to the program so they can get more money out the door to these businesses. It would specifically target help to the truly Small Businesses that need it the most, including minorityowned businesses. It would extend the debt relief program. It would get help to nonprofits that we know are hurting just like businesses are. As important as these steps are, we just cant get we just cant give businesses loans and think that takes care of it. When the virus is still raging, the customers dont have jobs. Thats why we need a comprehensive bill that actually needs the magnitude of this crisis. This visceral decadeslong opposition for my colleagues to Unemployment Insurance, i dont know how they dont realize that when 600,000 ohioans are getting 600 a week, they are spending that money at local businesses, they are keeping the economy going from just a total they are helping the economy, they are helping local businesses, they are giving those businesses revenue. When the 600 just stops, not only are those 600,000 ohioans lives just so, so difficult, but it makes the businesses that they the businesses of which they are patrons, the businesses that they patronize, it obviously hurts them, their bottom line. I think the stories from these businesses, mr. President , really get to the fundamental question of what sort of country we rant to live in. When we invest in Small Business, we invest in people and communities. Not stock buybacks, not executive bonuses. I know that senator mcconnell and his colleagues here always are looking out for the stock market, always are looking out for wall street, always want to hear about stock buybacks and executive bonuses. I know thats their thing, but during a pandemic i wish it were less their thing. The stakeholders in these businesses, they are not nameless, faceless shareholders. They are the owners neighbors, they are family members. The people we see or used to see at our kids schools or the Grocery Store or church. A year from now, do we want to be left with only the Biggest Companies that follow the fault Business Model that treat workers as expendable. We know what happens when you let wall street run things and you ignore main street. Our communities have watched for decades as factories close and investment dried up and storefronts boarded over in towns and cities that once were thriving. When people in those towns wake up, they realize the only jobs you can get are at a big box chain for rockbottom wages with no health care, no paid sick leave, no power over your schedules. Is that what we want for our future . We have the resources to fix this. We are the greatest, richest country in the world. Lets rise to meet the moment. Lets pass a comprehensive bill that gets help to our businesses, our workers and their customers, and lets get the communities the support they need. Mr. President , in order to proceed to consideration of h. R. 986, protecting americans with preexisting conditions act, which the house passed with bipartisan support, i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative business. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Johnson mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from wisconsin. Mr. Johnson reserving the right to object, where do you even begin . That was quite the quite the statement. At some point in time, it just becomes galling to listen to the tactic, the scare tactics, the false allegations, particularly from the other side that gave us the Affordable Care act, an orwellian named bill if there ever was one. One of the promises made to promote that bill was in the end determined to be the politico lie of the the politifact lie of the year. If you like your health care plan, you can keep your plan. If you like your doctor, you can keep your doctor. Millions of americans lost their health care plan, they lost their doctor. Premiums didnt decline by 2,500 per family. They actually skyrocketed, sometimes two, three, four times the price because of the faulty design of health care. Of the Affordable Care act. Obamacare. Probably the greatest false allegation that is just offensive. And by the way, to call every member on this side spineless is offensive. We have different views. You know, you try and respect the different views if you actually want to accomplish something. But one of the greatest false allegations, they go back to the well time and time and time again about this, is the republicans dont want to protect the coverage for people with preexisting conditions. Nothing could be further from the truth. That was that was an argument made back in 2010, and the American People decided that we should do that. Republicans agreed with the American People that we wanted to protect everybodys coverage, covering people with preexisting conditions. We just want to do it where it doesnt cost americans an arm and a leg. The faulty architecture of obamacare caused premiums to double, triple, and quadruple because they actually made a very small slice of the American Public, 5 to 7 of the people that have to buy coverage on the individual market that dont have the employer coverage plans that cover people with preexisting conditions. They made that small percentage of the American Public bear the full cost and brunt of covering people for preexisting conditions. It was not smart. It was a faulty design. The way you fix it yes, you require insurance carriers to cover people with preexisting conditions, not deny them coverage, but you spread that cost over everybody. Just like i mentioned earlier to the democrat leader and when i objected to his bill, our friends on the other side of the aisle are far more interested in an issue rather than getting a result. How do i know that . Well, particularly on this issue, covering people with preexisting conditions, four times in just the last few days and weeks, they have voted no, first on two covid relief packages, the ones i was referring to earlier, the target package that does provide Financial Relief to the unemployed, to Small Businesses, to schools, to parents with child care, provide funding for agriculture and testing and vaccines. That also included language to protect coverage for people with preexisting conditions. Twice in the last few days or weeks, they have also voted no to senator tillis bill that does exactly that, protect the Insurance Coverage of people with preexisting conditions. Now, if they were really serious about protecting the coverage of people with preexisting conditions, they would have voted yes, but they voted no. So i could go on and on. I jotted down all kinds of points that i would like to refute, but its really not worth the time and the effort. Again, let me emphasize, the republicans agree with the American People this debate is over. We have offered proposals to do just this. We want to protect the Insurance Coverage of every american with preexisting conditions. We just want to do it in a way that doesnt cost them an arm and a leg like obamacare did. So i personally am just getting sick of the false allegations and thats just only one of them. I could drone on and on about the false allegations made by the other side against republicans and conservatives, but i will focus on this. This is a false charge. Its canard. Its a scare tactic. Im begging the American People not to listen to it or believe it. Republicans want to protect the Insurance Coverage of people with preexisting conditions. If they were serious about it, they would have voted yes on what we have already proposed. For that and many other reasons, mr. President , i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Brown before offering another unanimous consent, id just point out, ten years of protections for people with preexisting condition because of obamacare, ten years of speeches from republicans about repeal and replace, no real proposal to replace the Affordable Care act. The president has promised it. About, you know, every couple of weeks, three or four years, and still hasnt put a real bill forward. In order to proceed to h. R. 1230, protecting workers against Older Workers against discrimination act which passioned the house with bipartisan support, i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there appear objection . An objection . Mr. Johnson mr. President , i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Brown in order to proceed to h. R. 1759, a bridge for workers act, i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there an objection . Mr. Johnson mr. President , i object. The presiding officer the objection is heard. Mr. Brown mr. President , i guess im not surprised about that one, considering i hear my colleagues talk about how outrageous it is that we were spending 600 a week to help unemployed workers in this bipartisan bill that passed the house would have helped workers get retrained and get new jobs. And theyre not willing to do that either. But we also know that this is a bill that weve seen this act before. Mr. President , in order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 3659, dannys law, i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Johnson mr. President , i object. The presiding officer the objection is heard. Mr. Brown in order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 4029, tribal access to homeless assistance act, i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative business. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Johnson mr. President , i object. Officer the presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Brown in order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 5084 improving cooperate governance through diversity act, to require corporations to disclose, just disclose, the racial ethnic and gender composition of their boards. Passed the house with bipartisan support. I ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there an objection . Mr. Johnson i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Brown ill hold the floor for all another few moments. You know, youve watched senator mcconnell and sorry to call some of my colleagues spineless, senator johnson, but when the president made comments about our soldiers who had died in battle, i didnt hear hardly any republicans speak up. I admire the courage of the presiding officer. I admire senator murkowski and her courage on a number of things. But ive seen my colleagues i know i hear what you all think. I know what senator sasse said during that town hall. I know many of you, if not most of you, maybe all of you probably not think that about the president s lack of integrity and lack of character and dishonesty and the lies he tells. And i know ive watched. I sat right here and i looked across the aisle during impeachment and i saw the look of fear in my colleagues eyes because they didnt want to cross the president. They innst did not even want to they didnt want toest go the prosecutes to tweet they didnt want to get the president to tweet about them or get him to primary against them. More important than the citizens of this country . Weve spent the last month after month after month after month confirming very conservative, very young judges i understand why you want to do that. But were not doing anything for the public. I mean, we had a high moment in march when senator johnson said unanimously we approved the cares act. It kept studies showed the cares act kept 12 million americans out of poverty. But then but then we ask to continue the cares act and do something similar like the heroes act and instead senator mcconnell, you know, i know the lobbyists that line up in front of his door. I know they have a lot of influence on him. But we saw senator mcconnell say no urgency, no urgency. My favorite Abraham Lincoln quote is lincoln wanted to hershey his staff wanted it him to stay in the white house and protect the union and eliminate win the war and abolish slavery and protect the union, and they wanted to stay in the white house. He said, no, i got to go out and get my Public Opinion bath. Have none of my colleagues heard the unemployment constituents . They want to send their kids about a being to school but theyre not safe. My daughter i was talking to my daughter last night, just a few days ago a nnounced instead of School Opening in person in columbus next week its going to open in january, if even then, because were not helping schools open. Were not helping people avoid eviction, were not helping local governments keep police and fire on the streets and people that would, in the parks and help that work in the parks and were doing none of that. But we have plenty of time for judges. Thats why i made the comments i made. And, mr. President , it just breaks my heart that we all sit here this is a group of pretty affluent, pretty privileged people, yet we cant look out for people that are hurting, like this country hasnt hurt for decades. I yield the floor. The presiding officer the senator from wisconsin. Mr. Johnson it just deserves a response. The pandemic is an act of god. Now, maybe maybe, and we dont know. We dont know what complicit china had in complicity china had in this. But we certainly know that china controlled the spread in china while they allowed their citizens to go all over the world and spread the pandemic. Its an act of god. Its certainly nobodys fault here in the United States. As chairman of homeland security, weve had before our committee, the member and women in charge of these agencies that are trying to respond to an incredible difficult situation. I never criticized president obama or Vice President biden during h1n1. It was a contagious disease. 16 million americans were infected by it. Im not sure theres anything you really can do to prevent infections. Now, i think weve actually been pretty successful flattening the curve. People taking responsibility, become being germaphobes. Weve shut down our economy. I never thought we should have shut it down to the extent we have. Because ive always tried to keep things in perspective. The human toll and the economic devastation of thats shutdowns. I find it galling when i find the men and women, dr. Birx, dr. Hahn, the men and women in this administration who have been working 24 7 to respond to an act of god, a pandemic. Ive been on the conference calls. This administration has been as transparent as any ive seen. To accuse this administration of hiding the truth . I dont know where you were during the early months of this, but i was watching the hour and twohourlong press conferences. Any american that watched that that wasnt concerned about covid, i dont know what they were looking at. Theres no hiding the ball here. President trump and his Administration Made it very obvious what was at stake. And im also aware of the fact that because of this act of god, because of this pandemic, there is an enormous demand for a product that should have been in the National Stockpile that wasnt there because the Previous Administration had run the stockpile down and then we all of us, collectively took our eye off the ball and didnt restore it. So the product just wasnt there. But i do know in a very difficult situation when demand outstrips supply by two to three times, the men and women of this administration again, working tirelessly allocated that p. P. E. I am not aware that anybody ran out. I know that everybody didnt get everything they wanted because some tough decisions had to be made. We had to surge p. P. E. Product to those hot spots. And where the pandemic wasnt raging, people didnt get everything they need. Im not aware of anybody that wanted to get placed on a ventilator didnt get one, because they used the war production act. We did extraordinary things in terms of ramping up production. Now were supplying ventilators to the world. So you can overlook all these things, you can say that the administration wasnt honest withs American Public, but i think the actual facts refute those chance. Those charges. Maybe in other peoples world, theres perfection and in this pandemic you can stop it in its tracks, you can prevent further infection. But that didnt happen with h1n1, even though they tried. Fortunately, it was not a deadly as the coronavirus and covid19. So, again, among many things that are galling, the false allegations to me, to politicize a pandemic, to politicize it as a virus that is killing americans, to deny he great the efforts to denigrate the efforts of the men and women who have worked 24 highway 7 is simply wrong. Who have worked 24 7 is simply wrong. It is something that should unite us, as prior crises in this country have. So, again, theres so many more things i can say, but i see the senator from alaska is here, and i dont want to take anymore time of the floor. But i yield the floor. Mr. Brown one last comment, mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from ohio. Mr. Brown yeah, i dont really understand what i just heard. That the president was straight with the American People . He told them it was going to disappear . He said its a democratic liberal hoax to bring down his campaign. But look at a little history. I wear on my lapel, a picture of a canary in a bird cage. It was given to me, a rally to honor workers who had been injured or killed on the job. The canary died in the mines. The worker knew that he didnt have a government that cared very much. He was on his own. So ive always cared a lot about Public Health. Thats really the best prevention for the can a nature ray in the mine. I wrote a letter to President Trump in 2018 after he had closed the office of Global Health security in the white house and essentially transferred dr. Ziemer, a push appointee, who was one of the worlds great malaria doctors, and his job he had 40 people on his staff. His job was to surveil the world and look at potential disease outbreaks that might turn into an epidemic, which then might evolve into a pandemic. That was his job. The president eliminated the office. And i wrote a letter to the president asking him to reinstate him. He didnt even answer the letter. Then the following year, 2019, he brought dr. Linda quick from china and her job to make sure if anybody was happening in china that we could that we would know about it and could them prevent the disease. Our c. D. C. , were the best in the world. It was the United States of america leading the charge to eliminate smallpox. It was the United States of america that led the job to all but eliminate polio in this country. Some of us here are old enough, like the presiding officer, any way, to remember knowing people that had minor cases of polio growing up in our schools. It was the president of the United States who pulled c. D. C. Employees out of china because of a trade some depending when trump loves xi or dislikes xi. It was back and forth with the chinese leader. And we just unilaterally disarmed. Then the president denied that the virus meant anything. I think know he took care of ventilators. But other kinds of protective equipment just talks to nurses and doctors and Health Care Workers in our states, kenosha, columbus, fairbanks, salt lake city. I yield the floor, mr. President. Thank you. Ms. Murkowski mr. President . The presiding officer the senator from alaska. Ms. Murkowski mr. President , i want to start with a personal you this to you as the thank you to you as the presiding officer for indulling me for an additional few moments here so i may speak this afternoon on the nomination of judge Amy Coney Barrett to be an associate justice of the u. S. Supreme court. And while i intend to share with you my intentions on how i will vote, id like to start by just expressing my disappointment with where we are in the senate as a whole right now. Theres been some good discussion hering this morning as were considering discussion here this morning as were considering the unanimous consent agreements, some statements made, but not action moving forward. I i had hoped that if we were going to be at this moment in time just over a week out from our national elections, that we would be here on the floor debating debating the merits of a receive relief bill. And in my home state of alaska, as in so many states around the country, were seeing unprecedented numbers now. The news just yesterday, friday, that the United States reported the highest single day recorded of positive cases. 83,757, really staggering. In alaska we have seen this virus spread to some of our small outlying villages, villages that are not accessible by road, villages that have limited medical facilities. Were really quite concerned about what this means for many of the native people in these areas. Were not able to stay on top of the Contact Tracing because of the increasing numbers. The pressure on Hospital Capacity is also a growing concern. And economically, alaska has been hit extraordinarily hard. As most know, weve got a pretty substantial tourist season, but this year we had little to no season for us. Many Small Businesses have closed permanently but many, many more are going into the winter wondering how they are going to make it through the winter, scrambling to find ways to piece it together. Unemployment, loss of housing. In every conversation that i have with alaskans, they are asking if and when were going to see another round of covid relief, and i regret that we have no deal to offer them today. Instead were here on a weekend, ten days before the elections, to advance a u. S. Supreme court nominee. Now, i was here on the floor yesterday. I had an opportunity to listen to the majority leader as he outlined the the escalation of confirmation battles over the past 30 years plus. And i think it was an important lesson in in our senate history. But im not confused about how we wound up here but i certainly am frustrated by it. And its with a heavy heart, i just regret that we are in this place. I think there was a worthy attempt during the 109th congress by the gang of 14 to reduce the tensions. There was, i think, a very genuine goodfaith effort there to try to try to dial things back. But, sadly, their bipartisan action was not rewarded by the voters and perhaps that served as a warning to other members of this body rather than as an aspiration. But we heard the History Lesson and im one who has long recognized that pointing fingers doesnt ever actually solve a problem. I personally believe that every nominee for the Supreme Court should receive an upordown vote after they have passed out of committee. My record has been pretty clear, pretty consistent. Some might even suggest boring in its consistency, but i made a a very strong commitment after i returned to the senate in at the end of 2010 and said i did not believe that filibustering our judges was was what we should be doing. And so i might not have liked the judges that were before us, but i did not participate in a filibuster of a judge. I had an opportunity to vote up or down and i thought that was the reasonable way to proceed. I believe that it is fair to the individual and its fair to the institution, but i also recognize that the timing of this confirmation that we have before us will serve to reinforce the Public Perception about political influence on the court. And i would hope that we all recognize that Public Confidence in our courts must be an imperative. We have to believe that justice is going to be equal for all of us. Now, i know that my colleagues are not surprised to hear me discuss my concern about the politicalization of the court. I made a similar point during the impeachment trial when some wanted to literally tear down chief Justice Roberts and the court because they needed a soundbite for a political ad in the primary campaign. I made the same case when i voted against the nomination of nowjustice kavanaugh. Also during that impeachment trial, i implored the members of this chamber to look inward. To really evaluate are we really willing to tear down not only the other party but the other institutions of our government as well . So i have looked inward, considering in these difficult days what i believe is best for the institutions of our government, and i recognize that confirming this nominee is not going to heal, its not going to salve the wounds that these institutions have endured, but neither will threats that should the balance of power in this chamber change that everything is on the table, including the end of the legislative filibuster and packing the court. To do that would only inflict even deeper, deeper wounds. Fundamentally and dramatically altering how the levers of power operate in this country, compromising one the one branch the one branch of government that must remain a political. Were the legislative branch, the executive branch. Both of these branches are inherently political. It is the third branch, our courts, that we count on to be a political. I think it would be a giant leap further down a path that we should not be following in the first place. So weve got to figure out how we deescalate. So let me very simply explain this afternoon how i plan to vote over the next two days, starting with the procedural motions which i opposed yesterday. I will oppose again tomorrow. In 2016, after the unfortunate death of justice scalia, i said that the senate should not take up a nominee to fill that seat due to the impending president ial election. I reit lated that i reiterated that statement in august of this year and then coincidentally enough just hours before the news of Justice Ginsburgs passing that saddened the country. I didnt know that she had passed when i reaffirmed my comments from earlier but that knowledge would not have changed my mind. I remain in the same place today. I do not believe that moving forward on a nominee just over a week removed from a pitched president ial election when partisan tensions are running about as high as they could, i dont think that this will help our country become a better version of itself. But, frankly, ive lost that procedural fight. We saw that with a vote yesterday. So what i can do now is be consistent with the precedent that i have set for myself and oppose a process that i said should not move forward and ive done that. But at the end of the process is the substantive question of whether judge barrett should be categorically rejected as an associate justice in order to underscore my procedural objection. I believe that the only way to put us back on the path of appropriate consideration of judicial nominees is to evaluate judge barrett as we would want to be judged, on the merits of her qualifications. And we do that when that final question comes before us. And when it does, i will be a yes. I have no doubt about her intellect. I have no doubt about judge barretts judicial temperament. I have no doubt about her capability to do the job and to do it well. By now most people are very familiar with her qualifications. They have seen her resume, the bio, shes been all over the news. It is significant, her background, graduating with honors from Rhodes College and with honors from Notre Dame Law School and clerked on the Supreme Court was professor at Notre Dame Law School prior to being confirmed on the bench of the court of appeals. I helped confirm her to that seat on the seventh circuit. I have followed on from that time when i first came to know of judge Amy Coney Barrett. Ive done my Due Diligence in my role of advice and consent. I worked through the articles that she has written, the cases that she has written. I have engaged in a lengthy oneonone with her. I watched both full days when she appeared before the Judiciary Committee. She presented herself admirably. She all know that confirmation processes are not pretty. I have expressed my concerns previously that good people will decide that the qimghts as we confirmation process as we have it now, sometimes an awful process, that i worry that they are going to think that its not worth it, not worth what it puts them and their families through and they optout they opt to avoid government service. And on this note i will say that while some of the rhetoric from my colleagues have been overblown and unnecessary, this process with judge barrett is not nearly what it was in 2018 during the confirmation of justice kavanaugh. So ultimately i am glad. I am thankful that judge barrett did not optout. I have concluded that she is the sort of person that we want on the Supreme Court. Her legal writing is excellent and will be an asset to her as well as future generations of lawyers as they read through her opinions. Her intellectual curiosity, which is demonstrated by the depth and breadth of her Academic Work as a professor will also serve the country well. Her temperament and her very patient nature were on full display over the course of the hearing. I had a a good, i think a very substantive discussion, with judge barrett about some alaskarelated matters, focusing on alaska, specific statutes, i raised some of the Public Safety challenges that we face in my home state that that served to undermine the principle of equal justice under the law. I raised the issue of Voting Rights and inaccess to the ballot. It was important for me to hear and to better understand her views on precedence and her evaluation process specifically the weight that she affords reliance on decisions that have been in in place for decades, such as roe v. Wade. We discussed the doctrine of severability in regards to the Affordable Care act. We spoke at length about my concern that the Supreme Court is increasingly viewed as political by the public and what that then does to erode the Public Confidence in the and the impartiality of our courts. We talked about the criteria and the evaluation that a justice would undergo for purposes of recusal from a matter. I do not believe judge barrett will take her seat on the bench with a predetermined agenda or with a goal of putting a torch to every volume of the United States reports. Justices should come to the court with an open mind, willing to be convinced by the arguments presented in each case, to Exchange Thoughts with their colleagues, to learn new things and rule as the law requires. And i am convinced that judge barrett will do just that. So while i oppose the process that has led us to this point, i do not hold it against her as an individual who has navigated the gauntlet with grace, skill, and humility. I will vote no on the procedural votes ahead of us, but yes to confirm judge barrett when the question before us is her qualification to be an associate justice on the Supreme Court. With that, mr. President , i yield the floor. A senator mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from louisiana. Mr. Cassidy mr. President , i rise today to offer my support for confirming louisiana native Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court of the United States. Deciding whether or not to confirm a justice to the highest court in the land is among the most important duties and privileges that a senator has. We must consider the qualifications of the nominee that the president puts forward and determine a nominees fitness to serve. In this case, President Donald Trump made a terrific selection in Amy Coney Barrett. The senate will vote on her confirmation in the coming days, and i will proudly cast my vote to confirm, and here is why. Judge barrett is incredibly qualified to serve on the court. She graduated suma cum laude from Notre Dame Law School, clerked for the late Supreme Court justice antonin scalia, and spent 15 years in academia shaping a new generation of legal minds. And according to her students, she was not an ideologue, but rather she would listen and take their thoughts and process them and bring them to a better knowledge of the law. With that, she has been universally praised by her former students and ultimately served on the u. S. Court of appeals for the seventh circuit. Her record and experience shows that she is ready for the Supreme Court. Now, there is some home state pride. Judge barrett was raised in louisiana and a graduate of st. Marys dominican high school. When i go back there, i will see folks with the pin that she would have received when she graduated and they are very proud to have attended the same school, perhaps to have been in the same class. As a fellow louisianian, i am proud of one of our own will become a Supreme Court justice. And she will be only the second person from louisiana to serve on the court, which for my state makes the confirmation historic. But it is more than louisiana rooting for Amy Coney Barrett. She will serve our country well. I will also say that i think it fitting that a woman fills the seat that opened after justice Ruth Bader Ginsburgs passing. Although she and i had our differences in political and judicial philosophy, she should be recognized for her service and lifelong pursuit of ensuring that women have a seat at the table. We thank the legacy of Justice Ginsburg and her service to the United States. And one of the many things that is notable for Justice Ginsburg i will emphasize is that she broaden the broadened the perspective of scotus, the Supreme Court of the United States, as they treated the law. I think judge barrett does the same. She will be the first mother of schoolaged children to serve on the court. She and her husband jesse are raising seven children, two of whom were adopted from haiti and the youngest who has downs syndrome. If there is a mom or a working mom or not who wonders if her perspective is ever spoken to when cases are considered before the Supreme Court, a Justice Barrett will bring that perspective to the court. Finally, i want to thank judge barrett for her willingness to serve, to accept the nomination to the Supreme Court is sadly to accept ruthless attacks from partisans seeking to score political points. Her nomination was no different. She had been repeatedly attacked for being a practicing catholic. She has every right to live her faith, and no one in Public Service should be expected to cast aside deeply held religious convictions to satisfy an angry mob fabricating reasons to say no. Thank you, judge barrett, for defending her and by extension all of our religious liberty. And i think the balance and the grace that she exhibited during a very difficult two days of being before the committee, but in her life in general i think is testimony to the depth by which she considers the best of her faith. That said, her political enemies and some in the press intentionally mischaracterized many of her statements, twisting them into new ways to attack her, again fabricating reasons to say no. Yet judge barrett handled each attack with grace and dignity. During our hearing, she displayed time and again that she had the skills, misdemeanor, and the experience to serve on the Supreme Court. On monday, i will proudly cast my vote to confirm Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court. She will serve our country well, and she will serve the future generations which will be influenced by her decisions on the Supreme Court well. I encourage my colleagues to put politics aside and to do the same. Thank you, and i yield back. The presiding officer the senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal thank you, madam president. We are here today on a unique saturday. Today a day that is not normal. A day when the coronavirus is setting new records across the United States for infections. Just yesterday, 85,000 new cases, the highest, very highest since july, ravaging the United States, creating untold hardship and heartbreak. We are in the midst of a raging pandemic, but we are not considering measures to deal with the pain and grief and loss that it has created, the threat that it poses to many states across the country. And reviving memories for many of us in connecticut who went through the worst of these ravages and still suffer in connecticut the threat of a new wave. Economic crisis grips this country. People are out of jobs. Small businesses are failing. But we are considering a nominee who would threaten to decimate our Health Care System in the midst of a Health Care Crisis as we go through this pandemic. It is a day that is sad, shocking, surreal, and it is not normal. It is not normal to rush through a nominee for the highest court in the land, a lifetime appointment while americans are going to the polls in record numbers. Their voices should be heard. And the next senate and the next president should choose this next justice. It is not normal because we are in effect ignoring and disregarding the duty we have to consider and pass real measures to address this pandemic and the economic crisis that we face. It is not normal for real people whose lives are impacted so severely and potentially even more so in weeks ahead. And whose health care, whose reproductive freedoms, whose protection from gun violence, whose workplace rights and civil rights and Civil Liberties are all threatened by this nominee. We brought into the hearing room those real people from connecticut and all around the country through the posters that we had watching those hearings and the nonresponses that Amy Coney Barrett gave to our questions. We brought real lives and the real harm they will suffer into that hearing room. I brought Connor Curran whose treatment has kept him alive only because his parents were able to use the Affordable Care act for his preexisting condition. Julia lanzaner, who was allowed because she received treatment for her who is alive because she received treatment for her cancer because of the a. C. A. , making it affordable, protecting her as a preexisting condition survivor. Samantha, a rape survivor, who was able to get an abortion because of the protections of roe v. Wade, and tracy, who was able to use in vitro fertilization because of reproductive freedoms that are guaranteed boy griswold versus connecticut and its progeny. Amy Coney Barrett refused to say whether she thought griswold was correctly decided. And ethan tsong who lost his life because of an unsafely stored firearm in a friends home. His parents michael and kirsten tsong were with me, and so was ethan. And janet rice, whose son, then 20 years old, shane, was killed in downtown hartford. And of course the bardon family who lost their beautiful son daniel along with 19 other wonderful children at sandy hook in that massacre and sixth grade educators as well. Those real lives and real people and real harms are what is at stake in this debate. And so this chamber seems so surreal on this day. In the midst of hardship and heartbreak that will potentially only be aggravated by the justice who may be confirmed as early as monday evening. She has been selected, screened, and vetted to be an activist judge who would strike down the Affordable Care act and overturn roe v. Wade. We know that she has passed that strong test, the president s words, strong test to legislate from the bench and accomplish through the courts what they have been unable to achieve in this body, in this chamber, in this congress through the legislature. They have failed to overturn the Affordable Care act because the majority of American People want that protection for preexisting conditions, and we have stood strong on this side against those 10, 20, 40 efforts to strike down the Affordable Care act. She has been vetted and screened for a position on gun violence protection that she herself has admitted in a speech she gave. It sounds kind of radical. It sounds kind of radical, as i said to her during the hearing, because it is radical. It is part of a radical extremist agenda to deny the American People state and local laws that protect them against assault weapons and largecapacity magazines. People who are dangerous and should be denied purchase of a firearm because they should be screened out through background checks and through emergency Risk Protection orders and save storage laws and repeal of placa that gives gun manufacturers nearcomplete immunity from any responsibility. We are still in the middle of an epidemic of gun violence. And among those real people who have spoken out as a young woman, she is 19 years old named tabatha escalante. I was on a phone call with her yesterday with other advocates. She is the judiciary advisory associate at march for our lives. And she is advocating, along with other groups, grassroots groups, that have created a movement give fords, bradys students demand action, moms demand action, sandy town promise, along with march for our lives. They have created a movement that is prevailing, just as weve prevailed and stopped the legislative branch from overturning the Affordable Care act. The strength of this movement has caused the n. R. A. And the extreme radical groups that are supporting it to go to the courts. As we documented in a report that we released just yesterday i thank my colleague, Sheldon Whitehouse for spearheading these efforts ive been proud to join him in various efforts on captured courts and the report, whats at stake on gun safety, is the reason that tabitha and others joined that call yesterday. It shows how the n. R. A. Has been at the tip of the spear, working for special interests, the gun lobby, dark money channeled to put on the court judges at every level who will stop commonsense measures on protecting people against gun violence. And Justice Nominee Amy Coney Barrett is only the most recent of them who have been screened and vetted to Carry Forward that agenda. These interlocking groups the firearms industry, retailers, private organizations like american encore, Judicial Crisis Network have sper head spearheaded this network and judges in the federal courts have been the result. The fact of the matter is that they are turning to the legislatures because of the strength of this grassroots movement, not its weakness. And their efforts to repeal the a. C. A. Have failed, so have their efforts to block those measures in state legislatures and local governments. In fact, gun violence prevention was on the ballot in 2018 and gun violence prevention won. And that is the reason that the house of representatives passed a universal background check measure and other steps that are so important and should be done here. In the past ten years, in fact, this scourge and epidemic of gun violence have continued. More than 236 Mass Shootings in this country. Those Mass Shootings have taken 1,300 lives, including those innocent children and educators at sandy hook. In the past ten years, gun violence has taken more than 350,000 lives in rural communities, urban communities, every Community Across the United States. Gun violence is an insidious Public Health menace, a Public Health epidemic that affects every community. And amid this Public Health epidemic, republicans have vetted and screened this nominee to take Justice Ginsburgs place on the Supreme Court because of her extreme views, as she articulated in her dissent in canter v. Barr. She showed an arizona larming willingness to stretch the founding era history to support her extreme and expansive view of the Second Amendment. Her views are not only out of the mainstream, they are out of the position articulated by justice scalia, her mentor. But the fact of the matter is, the threat to these gun violence prevention measures is real and urgent. Cases are literally one step away remember, one step away from the Supreme Court. Three cases challenging restrictions on assault weapons and largecapacity magazines, two of them from california that are about to be petitioned for review or srebrenica or certiorari to the United States Supreme Court. Two cases on open carry, three cases challenging background check and licensing requirements. One step away from the Supreme Court, possibly this term, when Amy Coney Barrett would take her seat. With her nomination, every single commonsense violence prevention measure at every level of government is in grave peril. The Public Health and safety stakes could not be greater. As tabit this. A said, quote, nothing less than everything sat stake. Nothing less than everything is at stake. And not just now when these cases are one step ahead away, but for decades to come. Tabithas generation may have children, even grandchildren, who will see amy c on and the District Court and Appellate Court judges have confirmed this effort to reshape the court in the image of the far right over used to be the Republican Party. One step away from this disaster. And likewise on the issue of reproductive freedoms, judge barrett was also vetted at the hearing she refused to say absolutely refuse to say before the way it was correctly decided to protect the womans rate as if a woman is raped as samantha was we presented her story is constitutional to make it a crime of in vitro fertilization for doctors to abortions and seem to answer the question as well but in a way should need to answer those questions that is barbaric and through organizations and to be protected in law pushing the most extreme views of reproductive care criminalizing doctors. And legalized abortion in this country. And her extreme views on reproductive freedom the reason why donald trump shows her in the first place those 17 cases that are one step away from the Supreme Court the handson abortion six weeks before pregnancy before women even though they are pregnant when women can face the most Severe Health for us to rely on doctors for Accurate Information and compassionate care. It is a pretext and to interrogate and intimidate women who seek an abortion. Those are redtape laws that require abortion providers to jump through hoops that serve no medical players one purpose to make those services harder and numerous other abortion laws and to limit access in the name of healthcare. Ur and for poor and rural and immigrantca women. And those laws that impede access toac reproductive care the nomination from the court justice. Has joined the fundamental rights are at stake but these are one step away 17 cases with reproductive freedoms and those with gun violence prevention the Affordable Care act will be one week after the election and the hostility to the Affordable Care act and to criticize chief Justice Roberts dissent had the better of the argument. These are real rights for real people. That would be lost. And instead of imperilling health care and other rights that should be enjoyed by the American People, we should be doing and enacting measures right now before us measures that have been passed by a bipartisan majority that would actually address the needs and challenges of the American People during this extraordinary time in our history. They are before us right now. There is no need to right them anew. There is no need to invent the words or the purposes for these acts. And so, in order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 112, the enhanced background check act, Bipartisan Legislation to close the charleston loophole, extending the initial background check review period from three to ten days and eliminating that loophole for gun purchases which enabled the charleston shooter to get his weapon and murder people in the basement of a church, and others around the country to endanger and kill innocent americans, embodying the principle of no check, no sale that must be the rule i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Cramer madam president . The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer the senate is currently considering the qualifications of an excellent nominee to be on the Supreme Court of the United States. Thats why were here. Its very important work. And this request is nothing more than another form of procedural harassment by the minority to try and stop our process of considering Amy Coney Barrett for the Supreme Court of the United States. Its certainly unfair to her. Its unbecoming of this chamber, and if this bill was so important if this bill was so important to the democrats in the senate, they wouldnt have voted four times to adjourn until after the election. So, clearly, this is just a stunt. And, by the way, if that wasnt reason enough, the bill that the senator is suggesting we get into would provide would put owners burden on law abiding americans who just want to protect themselves at a time when democratic mayors and governors are overseeing all kinds of damage to life and health and property unchecked. In fact, calling off the lawferlt of Law Enforcement of their communities to protect our citizens. They now want to take away the rights of those citizens to be able to purchase arms or at least make it much more difficult. So for these reasons and several others, i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Blumenthal madam president , what my colleague calls procedural harassment is actually democracy. Its legislation. It was passed by the house. Its bipartisan. The majority was bipartisan. It will save lives. I fail to understand why my republican colleagues will not allow this loophole, it is a fatal and effective loophole in our current laws to be repaired. But let me move to another measure. In order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 7, paycheck protection paycheck fairness act, again, Bipartisan Legislation that would empower women to challenge pay discrimination in the workplace, passing the house by a bipartisan majority and giving women the power to hold employers accountable for discriminatory practices, making a tremendous difference in their lives. I ask unanimous consent on the paycheck fairness act, that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Cramer madam president. The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer madam president , reserving the right to object. This is one more obstructionist move to prevent us from taking Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court of the United States, a highly qualified nominee who deserves her time in the chamber, deserves her time in debate and not these other external matters that, by the way, if they were important to the senate minority, they would not have voted four times this week to adjourn until after the election. For that reason and several others, i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. The senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal these socalled certainly matters go to the heart of fairness in the workplace, equal pay for equal work, discriminatory practices, other kinds of injustices that have existed for years. Women ought to have the right to challenge and hold their employers accountable. What could be more fundamental and important . Let me move now to h. R. 1423, in order to proceed to consideration of the forced Arbitration Injustice Repeal act, also known as the fair act, which passed the house on september 20, 2019. Again, a bipartisan measure which would increase americans rights to seek justice and accountability through the court system. We are in the midst of considering a nominee who has expressed a whos tilt hostility to seeking justice in the workplace and in jobs and in other areas. So this measure to eliminate forced arbitration clauses in employment and consumer and civil rights cases is especially relevant. It would allow consumers and workers to agree to agree to arbitration after a dispute occurs, but it would not force them to do so. I ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Cramer madam president. The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer madam president , reserving the right to object. I will not allow the senate to be diverted from the issue at hand and that is the consideration of Amy Coney Barrett to be an associate justice on the Supreme Court of the United States. Shes a highly qualified nominee and deserves this debate and for that reason i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Blumenthal in order to proceed, madam president to the consideration of the lori jackson Domestic Violence survivor protection act. Because millions of women are still at risk as a consequence of this loophole in our present laws that enables dangerous, estranged spouses or partners to have access to weapons during the most periless time in a domestic dispute, right after separation, because that loophole endangers innocent women because it provides access to weapons to those dangerous people. I ask unanimous consent that the sandt proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Cramer madam president. The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer madam president , reserving the right to object. Again, if the minority was serious about passing legislation, they would not have voted four times to adjourn until after the election. So its a little hard to take this seriously, but its especially difficult on this one because federal law already prohibits violent felons from owning and purchasing firearms. And, again, should i remind the senate and the country that democratic mayors and governors all over this country have failed to protect their citizens and the last thing wed want to do at a time like that when citizens are left to defend themselves against a Violent Crime is to prohibit or make it more difficult for lawabiding americans to defend themselves. For those reasons i object. The presiding officer the senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal just to remind my colleague, this measure does not only pertain to dangerous felons, it protects innocent women against dangerous people. Theres already the provision for protective orders to provide that kind of safeguard after a period of time. This measure would close a loophole for the first period when, in fact, women and others are at greatest risk. It is a Public Safety measure that is particularly relevant because of the hostility expressed by this nominee to commonsense steps in the name of a very extreme view under the Second Amendment. Id like to ask that we proceed to consideration of h. R. 840, the veterans access to child care act. What could be less controversial, a bill that provides child care assistance to veterans receiving covered Health Care Services in a v. A. Facility. The bill highlights the troubling fact that lack of child care can dissuade parents from receiving essential Health Care Services. It would make permanent a v. A. Child care pilot program, make it permanent, that was first introduced in 2011, and expand access to child care assistance nationwide, allowing veterans to receive medical treatment with confidence that their children are receiving highquality care, our veterans. Now, whatever motions have been made in the past, this measure certainly needs to be considered passed by a majority in the house on february 8 of 2019. More than a year ago, a bipartisan majority in the house. No action here. I ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer madam president , reserving the right to object. Can we just be a little more honest. This is not about child care. What is going on here is not about child care for vearches or anybody veterans or anybody else no audio with that, i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. The senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal thank you, madam president. As important as that help for veterans is, equally so assistance for our election system. We are going through an election right now, even as we consider this nominee tens of millions of americans are voting. The threat to our Election Security is well known and we face not only foreign interference but also domestic threats as has been documented. Ive been through those absolutely chilling briefings in classified in a classified setting. Were sworn to secrecy, but the maligned foreign interference makes 2016, in my impression, look like childs play from russians, iran, chinese. In order to proceed to the consideration of h. R. 2722, securing american federal elections act, a bill that would, in fact, make critical investments to upgrade our voting systems to protect against foreign interference in our elections and democracy by requiring all voting systems to produce a verifiable paper ballot and by authorizing funding for states to bolster Election Security. What could be more urgent and important at this moment in our history . It was passed by the house of representatives on june 27, 2019. Again, more than a year ago. No action here. I ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Cramer madam president. The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer madam president , reserving the right to object. The only interference going on here is by Senate Democrats trying to interfere in our discussion about an outstanding nominee to the Supreme Court of the United States, judge Amy Coney Barrett, and for that reason i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. Mr. Blumenthal madam president. The presiding officer the senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal in order to proceed to consideration of h. R. 4894, the congressional budget justification Transparency Act of 2020, a bill that requires federal agencies to make budget justification materials available to the public. Its a transparency measure. It requires disclosure and it requires the office of management and budget to make certain details regarding the materials available to the public, including a list of agencies that submit budget justification. It also forces disclosure of the dates that materials are submitted to congress and posted online and links to the materials, a basic disclosure measure. It was passed, again, overwhelmingly by the house of representatives on september 14 of this year without any action so far in this body. I ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to legislative session. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Cramer madam president. The presiding officer the senator from north dakota. Mr. Cramer madam president , reserving the right to object. It is really time to move on and hear from some other colleagues about the incredible, outstanding qualifications of President Trumps nominee to the Supreme Court of the United States, judge Amy Coney Barrett and these distractions cannot prevent us from doing that. And on this bill in particular, i think people should know, most of the documents they are talking about in fact, almost all of them are online today. For that reason, and others, i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. The senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal madam president , that measure was a basic disclosure step. Proposed to address secrecy in government. Nothing is more fundamental than transparency in a democracy. Sunlight is the best disinfectant. The people of the United States deserve that information. And so, too, they deserve all of the information about Amy Coney Barrett, even on the morning of her approval by the senate Judiciary Committee, new documents were disclosed, new statements and speeches by her, adding to the ones that hadnt been disclosed properly previously. This process is a sham. Its rushed, its not normal. As i said during our hearing, my great fear is not only the damage and the harm that this nominee can do, but the damage and harm to the court itself. The president said the quiet part out loud. He wants this nominee rushed to the bench so she can decide the election, not the voters. So she can sit on the Supreme Court when the election goes to the court. Well, my republican colleagues have the majority. They may have the votes, but they dont have the American People, and they dont have history on their side. Might does not make right. They can do it because they have the votes. They are doing it because they can. Amy Coney Barrett could stonewall our questions because she could. And establish a new standard. Call it the barrett rule of not answering. But the damage to the court will be grave. The court has power because of its legitimacy. The trust and confidence of the American People and its independence. Our republican colleagues are whittling away and eventually devastating not only the authority of the Supreme Court but all of our federal courts by politicizing and polarizing them. She would not even commit that she would recuse herself in the event an election case went to the Supreme Court. I have tremendous respect, even reverence for the court, having served there as a law clerk to Justice Harry blackmun, having argued four cases to the court, three to Justice Ginsburg. Its imperilling the legitimacy of the United States Supreme Court is a grave, lasting, potentially devastating disservice to the American People. It is a dagger at the heart of the court and of our democracy. And therefore i will continue to oppose this nomination. Thank you, mr. President. And i yield the floor. A senator mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from florida. Mr. Scott mr. President , general secretary xi is a dictator and human rights violator. He is yet another communist leader trying to be a dominant world power. The Chinese Communist party is stripping the people of hong kong of their freedoms, cracking down on dissidents, militarizing the south china sea, supporting genocide in venezuela, surveiling its citizens, and imprisoning more than one million uighurs in internment camps simply because of their rank. Communist china has committed a genocide against the uighurs, and it doesnt end there. Recent reports indicate that the communist party of china is attempting the same thing in tibet, forcing hundreds of thousands of people in tibet into mass labor camps. We know the Chinese Communist party and their puppets continue to silence and intimidate those standing up for democracy and human rights. They detain and harass journalists to try and prevent the truth from getting out. Foreigners and journalists working in communist china do so at their own risk. Just last week, communist china began threatening to take americans as hostages. The National Security threat of communist china cannot be taken lightly. And this censorship of these human rights abuses cannot be ignored. General secretary xi doesnt want us to know about the oppression occurring under his regime. For years, the communist government in china has tried to push its propaganda in america through stateowned Media Outlets while refusing to treat american journalists in china fairly. We saw this firsthand earlier this year. Chinesebacked propaganda out lets peddled chinese lies about the coronavirus and endangered the lives of americans. And in march, the defense communist party expelled more than more than a dozen u. S. Journalists and required other outlets to submit written reports of their staff, finances, operations, and real estate in china. We cannot allow this mistreatment to continue, and we have to take action. Im proud to sponsor the chinesebacked Media Accountability act to create accountability for chinese censorship of free speech and failure to treat american journalists fairly. My bill prevents new visas until we know how many chinesebacked journalists are operating in the United States. And it creates reciprocity by making sure the number of chinesebacked journalists in the United States is equal to the amount of independent american journalists allowed in china. We have to stand up and say to this behavior by communist china is unacceptable, and i look forward to all of my colleagues supporting this proposal. As if in legislative session, i ask unanimous consent that the Judiciary Committee be discharged from further consideration of s. 4797 and the senate proceed to its immediate consideration. Further, that the bill be considered read a third time and passed, and the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table, with no intervening action or debate. The presiding officer is there objection . A senator mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from connecticut. Mr. Blumenthal mr. President , reserving the right to object, senator scott has sought unanimous consent for a bill that would restrict the issuance of nonimmigrant visas to chinese journalists and a number of other steps that frankly are already within the president s power to do the president s power to do. The bill in many ways is an attempt to codify authority that the state Department Already had. And so in that sense, there is no reason to take legislative action. If the president wants to use this power, he can, but i want to emphasize this point, that we share the goals that are behind this measure. Number one, the goal of increasing transparency around the pandemic, it has to be done so that the chinese and other authorities around the world, states that suffer from the pandemic make the facts known to this country and world health authorities. We share the goal of condemning chinas absolutely despicable human rights abuses. Its deplorable record of subjugateing human liberty, including the uighurs, at least one million of whom were being held in chinese governmentrun Detention Centers that the president of the United States has completely ignored. But this legislation would do nothing really to increase these incredibly pressing issues. It uses the pandemic and chinas human rights abuses as a pretense for deflecting blame for the president s shameful mishandling of the covid19 crisis. The president s ineptitude and incompetence are widely known to the American People who share the goal of stopping chinese human rights abuses, of making them more honest and accurate in what they disclose in other goals. But to this measure, i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. The senator from florida. Mr. Scott mr. President , i am disappointed my democratic colleague doesnt want to focus on the general impact of secretary xis censorship. I truly dont understand why my democratic colleagues refuse to stand up to communist china. Again and again, the democrats block efforts to hold communist china accountable. They never try to work with us to come up with solutions. They blocked my resolution to move the 2022 olympics out of communist china. They blocked my bill to prevent communist china from stealing or sabotaging american covid19 vaccine research. Even as american lives depend on the Rapid Development of this vaccine. Now they are turning a blind eye to the censorship of american journalists in china. What chinese statebacked journalists in america pushed the propaganda of the Chinese Communist party. Its time to wake up and understand that oppression at the hands of general secretary xi and the Chinese Communist party will not stop. This is about the safety of americans and about freedom around the world. This is about standing up for human rights. We must act in passing the comeensbacked Media Accountability act takes real steps to hold communist china accountable for their failure to treat american journalists fairly. I will not stop trying to work to make sure there is reciprocity between our nations that we understand exactly how many chinese propaganda journalists are operating in the United States. We must together do everything in our power to fight for freedom and hold communist china and general secretary xi accountable, and i hope at some point my democrat colleagues will join me in this fight. Mr. Cramer mr. President. Thank you for the recognition. Mr. President , two years ago, two years ago, i was a candidate running for this job, running against a democratic incumbent where the top issues of the race throughout the summer were things like the sanctity of human life and, most importantly, in the minds of the voters at least, based on our polls, was law and order, the idea that a sanctuary city, much less several of them, could exist to protect violent criminals as long as they were here illegally. It was an absurd notion to north dakotans. So they were good issues for me as a dante. But that all as a candidate. But that all changed, that all changed just a little over two years ago when Senate Democrats waged an attack on President Trumps nominee to fill the vacancy that occurred by the retirement of Supreme Court justice kennedy. And by attack, i dont mean engage in a vigorous debate about Brett Kavanaughs political and judicial philosophy. Or his background. Rather, they waged an attack on Brett Kavanaugh himself, on his character and his reputation and his family. And not with facts, but with fabrications. My opponent, north dakotas junior senator, joined the Smear Campaign and changed the priorities of our campaign quickly from sanctuary cities to suddenly the Supreme Court of the United States. That happened just two years and a couple of weeks ago. As much as anything as much as any reason, as much as any issue, the Supreme Court is why i am here today, and i dont mean just today. I mean why i am a United States senator. So when President Trump nominated judge Amy Coney Barrett to fill the vacancy created by the death of justice badr ginsburg, i knew there could be no amount of political harassment to cause ma owe to shrink from this to cause me to shrink from this obligation. The singles that i or my the suggestion that i or my colleagues would squander the right under the constitution, consider waiting until after an election that may create opportunity for someone that my constituents dont agree with to be momented to the court would be a dereliction of my duty and would rightly rightly enrage the people that sent me here for exactly this moment. And i refuse to shrink. So lets talk about the nominee. Judge Amy Coney Barrett, by all accounts a brilliant jurist. I dont think anybody has questioned her intellect. Certainly she has on national display demonstrated a demeanor we all should aspire to, but certainly somebody ho a expires to be on the highest court in the land. Oh, and by the way, i love the fact shes from educated in middle america. With all due respect to my conservative jurist friends and acquaintances and even those i dont know from someplace other than middle america, its awfully nice to see one get to the top. But, you know, my conversations with judge barrett were like i think everybodis. They were pleasant. They were serious. In some cases, maybe even little bit intense. But my conversation didnt focus on hardly any of the things ive been hearing about with relation to her nomination. In fact, none of them ive heard about in this chamber today and weve heard about lots of them. Mine didnt even really focus on the hotbutton ires of the day. My discussion focused on my inquiry of her, about her sense and her philosophy and her thoughts on federalism. What is the appropriate role of states in this cooperative federalism, this wonderful experiment that is the United States of america . This is a system designed by states. The federal government was created by states. The federal government didnt create the states. The states created the federal government its foundational. And i, of course, you know, like you, the presiding officer, i was a stateelected official. I was never the governor, but i was probably in many respects qualified in a way today that never occurred to me at the time, and that was i was a regulator. I was a state regulator, elected by the people of my state to regulate things like rates of gas and electricity electric utilities, to sight things like transmission lines and power plants and wind farms, to oversee the federal Communications Commission act and its application in north dakota. And as a state regulator for nearly ten years, by far the greatest problem, the greatest obstacle to doing my job were the maintains coming from the mandates coming from washington, d. C. , trying to impose their mediocrity on north dakotas excellence. So, when i came to washington, i set out to change some of that. I wanted to try to change our bureaucracy a little bit, find find somebody in this place that understands and respects the role of states in this cooperative federalism. Because what i saw and what i continue to see is a big bureaucracy trying to run right over, roll right over the states of this country. And i think that overriding issue of the role of states and of federalism gets to it the heart of lots of these other smaller issues, lots of these more granular issues. Now, whether its the waters of the u. S. And whats a and a halfable water thats one of the big ones and whats a navigable water thats one of the big ones, right local and state regulation, how the federal Regulatory Commission deals with grid reliability, maybe it is Something Like prostate emissions who knows theres lots of them, lots and lots of them. In areas where its really been the court itself, whether it is the Supreme Court or the Appellate Courts 0er or a District Court, its really been the judiciary thats been the only thing standing between an overbearing federal government and the riotous of states. On the rights of states. So my discussions with judge barrett centered around her views on federalism. I gave her some examples, some north dakota examples. I even laid the blame on congress, and we deserve a lot of it, for sure. Weve passed broad you know, broad authorizations for the bureaucracy and then let them fill in the blanks. We got to stop doing that. We need to be more prescriptive. But, in the meantime, i want to be sure that we have a Supreme Court that understands the sovereignty of states. North dakota right now is engaged in several pieces of litigation with our own federal government. Thats under the Trump Department of justice. I just wish the lawyers at the department of justice would take on the bad actors in the Political Class with the same zeal that they take on my state. Over much by the way, much bigger things they could be taking on when they take on the Political Class, if they just would do it, than the Little Things where they should be negotiating settlements with the state of north dakota. I just wish they had the same zeal with that. That would be much more worthy of the title of justice. So, yeah, im very pleased with judge Amy Coney Barretts philosophy, demeano, r, but i was happy with her view of the role of states in a system like ours. At the end of the day, judicial philosophy, intellect, where you went to college its all just shored up by the fact that she is a person of incredible virtue. And, yes, a virtue thats grounded this faith. That is, after all, where most virtue comes from. I suspect that some of those virtues that used to be more universal in our country are part of why the left despises her so much. As for me, as for me, im just glad that shes willing to do it. Im glad that her family is willing to stand with her and do it. Im glad that she has the virtues of faith that undermine the intellect and the experience and the demeanor. In fact, perhaps its why she has all those other things. For those reasons and several others, its going to be a pleasure its even going to be an honor to stay the night tomorrow night, if thats what we have to do to cast the vote for judge Amy Coney Barrett to become the next associate justice on the Supreme Court of the United States. And i urge my colleagues to do the same. I yield the floor. Mr. Daines mr. President . The presiding officer the senator from montana. Mr. Daines mr. President , im here today to talk about my support for confirming judge Amy Coney Barrett to the United States Supreme Court. Judge barretts qualifications and her character are indisputable. I had the honor of meeting with judge barrett early this month where she said her guiding were in the mold of justice antonin scalia. Over the course of her hearing before the senate Judiciary Committee, judge barrett demonstrated her understanding of the purpose of the United States Supreme Court and the proper role of a judge. Judge barrett believes that judges shouldnt legislate from the bench. And, keep in mind, she is currently a sitting judge on the seventh circuit court. She wont misuse her power as a judge to impose her policy preferences. And she wont twist the original and the true meaning of the constitution to advance a political agenda of any kind. Judge barrett will uphold our cherished constitutional rights, including the Second Amendment. I have an aplus rating from the National Rifle association and the montana shooting sponsors association. I sports association. I firmly believe that a correct understanding, a profound understanding of the Second Amendment is essential in our discussion. Is essential. In the discussion i had with judge barrett, she confirmed she has that understanding. Her understanding of the Second Amendment can give ever lawabading montanan who owns a firearm full confidence that she will never allow the government to take away origans. To take away our guns. She understands what whereby shall national infringe truly means. I believe judge barrett will stop congress in its tracks when it exceeds its limited constitutional powers s for decades, congress has imposed policies that this body has no authority creating in the first place. Judge barrett will ensure that Congress Stays within its limited constitutional powers while returning powers to states and back to the people. She will defend the constitution. Shell protect our montana way of life, including our montana jobs. Judge barrett will not bend to the radical Fringe Groups looking to kill montana timber and coal jobs. Shell be a fairminded justice that montanans can be proud of. Yet some on the far left not only oppose Amy Coney Barretts confirmation but have also said theyretope to packing theyre open to packing the Supreme Court request the Supreme Court with liberal judges. Packing means increasing the number of justices on the Supreme Court from nine, which has been the case for 151 years to 11 or 13 or more perhaps. That would be an attack on or montana way of life. I stand with montanans in strongly opposing this dangerous powergrab proposal. With judge barrett on the Supreme Court, the age of activist justices rewriting the laws to accomplish their own policy agenda will be gone. Shes a mother of seven children, five biologically, two adopted haitian children. Well have a Supreme Court justice that we can also call a minivan mom. Judge barrett is an inspiration to professional women, to working moms, to schoolaged girls across montana who can feel certain there is no American Dream that women cannot achieve. Justice last week i met with several northwest montana business Women Leaders in callous whichville to talk abour support for judge barretts confirmation. These montana business women shared their views of judge barrett as a mentor, as a role model, as a wife, a mother, a brilliant jurist and a great leader. Id also like to take a moment to congratulate and to thank President Trump for nominating such outstanding and wellqualified individuals to the ewings Supreme Court. To the United States Supreme Court. With judge barretts confirmation, we will take another major step toward restoring the Founding Fathers vision for the Supreme Court and the separation of powers they brillianted created. As u. S. Senator from montana, supporting judge barretts confirmation to the Supreme Court is an easy call. She is someone who montanans will be proud of, who montanans will look up to on the court. Mr. President , i urge all my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to support judge Amy Coney Barretts confirmation to the United States Supreme Court. Mr. President , i ask unanimous consent that my following remarks appear separately in the record. The presiding officer without objection. Mr. Daines mr. President , i rise today to speak about an effort to, frankly, one i never envisioned i would have to, something that is so beyond rad called, radical and thats packing the United States Supreme Court. This plan, hatched by a democratic president in 1937, was so radical then that it was soundly defeated here in the United States senate, a senate, i might add in which 76 of the 96 members were democrats. This was a plan that was so hostile to constitutional principles that the senate Judiciary Committee in 1937 said it was, and i quote, a measure which should be so emphatically rejected that it will never be presented to the free people of america. In fact, as recently as 2019, the brilliant late Ruth Bader Ginsburg stated and i quote, i think it was a bad idea when Franklin Roosevelt tried to pack the court and if anything would make the court look partisan, it would be that. Well, today, we find ourselves in the same spot and the reason why is simple. The Democratic Party still does not accept the legitimacy of President Trump or his highly qualified judicial nominees. And dont forget it was just earlier this year that the democratic leader, senator schumer, stood in the front of the Supreme Court and openly threatened President Trumps two Supreme Court picks if they didnt vote the way he wanted by saying, and i quote, i want to tell you gorsuch, i want to tell you kavanaugh, you have released the whirlwind and you will pay the price. You dont know what hit you if you go forward with these awful decisions. End quote. That is disturbing. Disturbing, indeed. Lets be clear. This is nothing more than an attempt than a partisan power grab by the democrats. Packing the Supreme Court by moving it to the current nine justices to 11 or 13 would essentially eliminate the Supreme Court for being a check and a balance on congress and the executive branch, paving the way for a radical left agenda if they get the majority. Packing the Supreme Court is a direct attack object our montana way of life. Packing the Supreme Court with activist liberal judges will help the farleft radical strip away our secondamendment rights, destroy Natural Resource jobs and cripple the montana and American Economy by blocking Energy Management projects. For us in montana we know what it means to have an activist liberal judge on the bench. Look no further than brian morris in montana. Judge morris has done everything in his power to try to kill Montana Energy jobs and he specifically blocked the keystone xl pipeline. This would have created thousands of jobs, generated thousands of tax dollars every year for montana schools and communities. Packing the Supreme Court will also erode a major principle of our constitution, thats the separation of powers into flee coequal branches of government. Packing the Supreme Court would simply make the court an extension of the legislative bench. It is the independence of the judiciary that is the check and balance. Packing the Supreme Court would be an extension of whatever Political Party controls the white house and the senate. Heres how it would work, whichever president s in power, they would keep escalating the number of justices. They would go from 11 to 13 to 15 to 17. It would absolutely spin out of control and our Founding Fathers would be rolling over in their graves. The packed court would simply turn the Supreme Court into an extension of whatever Political Party happens to control the white house and the senate. So im here today to call out this shameful partisan attack on our judiciary, and i hope the rest of my colleagues will join me in passing this resolution which calls for the Supreme Court to simply remain, as it has been for 151 years, at nine justices. Thats all it says. Water going to keep the Supreme Court at nine justices. As if in legislative session, i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to the consideration of Senate Resolution 758, submitted earlier today. Further, i ask unanimous consent that the resolution be agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with no intervening action or debate. The presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Whitehouse mr. President , reserving the right to object. The presiding officer the senator from rhode island. Mr. Whitehouse reserving the right to object, i would open with the observation that well, let me start by saying in one of the great plays in our language, the opening began with the observation that something is rotten in the state of denmark. There is increasing evidence that something is rotten across that lawn and across first street at the United States Supreme Court. What is the evidence of that . Well, the first thing i would suggest is the amount of anonymous dark money influencers swirling around the court. I have spent a good deal of my professional life around Appellate Courts. I have never seen, nor does the history of the Supreme Court evidence anything like what is taking place right now with dark money influencers swirling like eels around that court. How do they do it . Well, they are involved in the Selection Process through a group called the Federalist Society which takes large anonymous dark money contributions and controls the selection of judges. How do we know it controls the selection of judges . Donald trump has said so. The wall street journal has said this was a subcontracting operation a subcontracting operation, and it worked. It is not a good thing when the selection of our Supreme Court is subcontracted out to a private group that then takes multimillion dollar anonymous donations. It shouldnt be hard for members to understand that that is a dangerous set of facts. Then you go on to the campaigns for those selected nominees and you see more anonymous donors writing checks for as much as 17 million. I cant write a check for 17 million. I dont know anybody here who can. The number of donors who can write a check for 17 million is very small, and the number who would want to is even smaller. That is another avenue of influence. Last you have law groups appearing before the United States Supreme Court, also anonymously funded. Some have gone out to find a plaintiff of convenience to bring before the court, some appear as friends of the court, some swap back and forth in the same series of cases, they exchange positions as the Litigant Group and a friend of the court. But what they share is that they are funded by the same groups and they dont disclose that to the court in their filings. So it raises the proposition that this isnt just dark money eels swirling around the court but that these are, in fact, tentacles of a common operation. And its particularly surprising that the senator from montana would not have concern about this because the state of montana has been so strongly concerned about dark money influence for so long. Indeed, it was a state of montana case that went to the Supreme Court under, i guess, attorney general bullock at the time, where senator mccain and i wrote a bipartisan brief warning of the dangers of all of this money. So thats the first thing, dark money influencers swirling around a court in a way that is unprecedented, in my view, in judicial history. The second is a pattern of decisions that emerged under that court. Under chief Justice Roberts there are 80 decisions with these characteristics, one, they were decided by 54, a bear majority. Usually they have stronger majorities because that strengthens the court. Bear partisan 54 majorities. And in every case an identifiable republican donor interest at stake that won, a pattern of 800. And, last, you have the behavior taking place politically around these nominations and how peculiar that behavior is. Here is senator daines talking about the effort to appoint judge garland to the Supreme Court. He said, i dont think its right. The senator put it in terms of right and wrong, and he said i dont think it is right to bring a nominee forward in an Election Year. He said the American People have already begun voting and their voice should be reflected in what we do Going Forward. The very next occasion the very next election in which the same set of circumstances presented itself, he and virtually everyone on the republican side, completely reversed their position about what is right in this matter. When you see reversals of position like that, that is a signal to me that there is something more going on. So whether its all the dark money, whether its the peculiar pattern of decisions or whether its the unexplainable behavior of members, it sends a pretty strong signal that something is, in fact, rotten in and around that court. I believe that every one of us should agree that we are entitled as americans to a court that is not a pantmime court that goes through the routine of adjudication while making sure that a small group of special interests wins a case at the end of the day. Nobody should be interested in a court that operates that way. We dont know how bad the situation is because it is dark money. Because its still hidden, and until we figured it out under the rule that is it premature to rule out remedies until you have a complete diagnosis, i will object. The presiding officer objection is heard. The senator from montana. Mr. Daines i appreciate the senator from rhode island bringing up dark money spending in elections. We all agree dark money spending has gotten out of control, however the senator from rhode island gives me an opportunity to point out the blatant hypocrisy from the Democratic Party on that issue. I know i speak for nearly every montanaian, if not most, which is we are tired with being bombarded with neverending television, digital, radio, mail pieces, and most of it is from dark money organizations. And where do you think much of this dark money is coming from . Its from groups aligned with the minority leader and the democrats. In fact, according to a september 2020 report by open secrets, who tracks political spending, two dark money groups aligned with the Democratic Senate leadership have spent more than 44 million on political tv ads more than any other outside group on Television Ads during the 2020 election cycle. Let me say that again. These are two dark money groups aligned with Democratic Senate leadership has spent more than any other outside group on Television Ads during the 2020 election cycle. Yet, Neither Group has reported any spending to the f. E. C. At all, zero. You may ask yourself why the minority leader and his dark money allies are dumping so much money into races across our country, including montana. The reason for that because the minority leader wants to be the majority leader and take control of the United States senate. He wants to change the rules, destroy 151 years of precedent, and pack the Supreme Court with activist liberal judges that will strip away our rights and our freedoms. Packing the court is a direct attack on our montana way of life. Thats why more than ever, my courtpacking resolution is so important. It just says lets keep it at nine. Its not that complicated. We cannot let this Court Packing occur. So while the democrats continue to decry dark money until it benefits their campaigns, of course, we must all take a stand in ensuring that our montana way of life is protected. And for those reasons, i object. The presiding officer the senator from rhode island. Mr. Whitehouse mr. President , i just want to make sure that the record of the senate is clear here. Democrats dont just decry dark money spending. Democrats have over and over again sought to end it. I know this because i was the floor leader on the disclose act when we brought it right here in the senate and we came within one vote of getting rid of dark money. Every democrat voted for that measure. Every democrat voted to get rid of this scourge of dark money. Every republican voted to protect it. So yes, do Democrats Use dark money . We are playing by your rules. We are playing by republican rules. We could have brought up the disclose act again because it was the first order of business the house passed in h. R. 1. But the Senate Majority leader didnt want that bill to get a vote. So it is a little bit rich to hear a litany of woes about dark money from the party that is responsible for dark money happening. We could have gotten rid of it if we passed my disclose act. We could have gotten rid of it if we had passed h. R. 1. We did none of the above. So if i may, i would like to ask that a resolution be passed as if in legislative session, i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to the consideration of Senate Resolution 759 submitted earlier today. Further, that the resolution be agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, and the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table, with no intervening action or debate, and if i may just briefly, mr. President , before you call for objections, just describe the resolution which expresses the sense of the senate that dark money underlines the integrity of the judicial system and damages the perception that all people receive equal justice under law, that dark money organizations funded by anonymous donors are now playing an outside role in the selection of judges and justices of the Supreme Court of the United States and have spend millions of anonymous dollars on Advertising Campaigns supporting those selections, that the people of the United States have no idea who is funding these campaigns and what business those funders might have before the court, that the Federalist Society and the Judicial Crisis Network and other groups have been a part of this and that they are heavily dark money funded in this role, that thencandidate trump said of his judicial selections that they would be handpicked by the Federalist Society, that his White House Council boasted that the Federalist Society had been insourced, that the Washington Post reported that leonard leo, then of the Federalist Society, helped raise 250 million from mostly anonymous donors into this effort. And i will leave the rest of the details to interested readers who want to pursue it. But i would say senator daines up bridge about dark money in montana campaigns, if there is anything worse than dark money in political campaigns, it is dark money around courts, and that is the problem we face right now, and that is what requires looking into. So with that, the president is invited to proceed with the presiding officer is there objection . Mr. Daines reserving the right to object. The presiding officer the senator from montana. Mr. Daines thank you, mr. President. I have laid out my remarks here about the hypocrisy on this issue of dark money. I think its worth also pointing out the very different situation in 2016 when Merrick Garland was nominated by president obama. Because the white house was controlled by one party, the United States senate by another, the president of the senate going back to 1888 suggests in an Election Year when both the senate and the presidency are controlled by the same party, you move forward. When not, you dont. Thats exactly what we did. So we had an election in 2016. President trump won. And here we are in 2020 with republicans controlling the senate, and the white house are moving forward. So with that, i object. The presiding officer objection is heard. The senator from rhode island. Mr. Whitehouse mr. President , i would just add that that was not what either senator daines nor anybody else on the republican side said at the time. I was here at the time. What was said at the time, particularly by senator daines, is i dont think its right to bring a nominee forward in an Election Year. Not when the parties control is split in one way or another. I dont think its right to bring a nominee forward in an Election Year because the American People should have their voice reflected. That hasnt changed. This new emphasis on the party difference is fundamentally the rule of because we can. And if that is going to be the rule, if that is the rule that republicans are prepared to adopt here, that what matters around here is a precedent, is a principle, isnt what is right but is just because we can, then please dont feign surprise in the months and years ahead if we on the democratic side follow that same rule that you are saying is the way to proceed today. And the same way that it is at least ironic for republicans to stand here complaining about dark money when it was the Republican Party that protected dark money here on the senate floor, it will be equally ironic if the party should turn around later on and democrats seem to use seeks to use the measure of because we can and you raise objections. You are basically here on the senate floor forfeiting your right to make those objections in the way you are behaving on this nomination. And with that, i will yield the floor to, i guess, senator scott. Mr. Whitehouse i reserve Going Forward with the other unanimous consents i had. I understand that we are trying to proceed to conclude this at 5 00, and we are close to that time. I appreciate senator scott coming to the floor to respond to those, but i will yield back. Mr. Whitehouse mr. President. The presiding officer the senator from rhode island. Mr. Whitehouse i will shortly ask to i will quorum call by noting the absence of a quorum, but before i do that, i wanted to point out just one issue of vocabulary, if you will, which is that the definition of Court Packing has actually two operative definitions on the senate floor. One is to expand the number of judges. The other is to take the advantage of existing vacancies and try to use them to change the balance of the court and to put judges in who are predisposed to certain rulings. That is in fact the meaning that senator mcconnell gave to that term when he said that president obama was seeking to, quote, pack the d. C. Circuit with appointees when he was filling vacancies. That senator cornyn used when he said president obama was out to pack the d. C. Circuit. That senator grassley used when he denounced president obamas efforts to pack, he called it, the d. C. Circuit. When senator lee of utah accused the president of trying to pack the d. C. Circuit with unneeded judges simply in order to advance a partisan agenda. So when we describe what has taken place across the last three nominations, all of the procedural abnormalities, all of the puke open rule ohairities of funding, all of the peculiarities of funding, all of the 180degree, tiresquealing reversal, all of that, were actually following the vocabulary that you all used about the d. C. Circuit. Just to be clear on that point. Just to be clear on that point. And they said also what i believe is the world change the Business Model of healthcare. Our current model you are two is a fee for Service Model that in the current model Healthcare Providers efficient one physicians and hospitals do things to People Laboratory testing and imaging studies operations and procedures and those that are to do more and more and then to document and instead as consumers or individuals to only pay for care what it of himself those like me to. One or is likely to. So we do predominantly now have an Insurance Payment and then to have a fee for service base medicare is still dominant in the system like Imaging Centers or Cancer Centers we really dont invest in the things that we see during the covid pandemic is essential but is Public Health and primary care. And then to that Covid Response to have some of the best Healthcare Facilities in the world and to invest in those things that we have not invested in the Public Health infrastructure. But that we havent managed to do that sort the trillion dollar Healthcare System with a four or 5 trilliondollar business and this just to do more things for people. I believe most physicians and clinicians are really trying to do good trying to practice the best healthcare that they can and just to acknowledge the economics are such that they are incentivized to overtrading into her diagnosed it on diagnosing and incentivizes that so hospitals and doctors that are incentivized so the Insurance Companies the government the only way to limit that spent on dash that is to place barriers that means denial if the doctor says the mri the physician recommends that the way a company can manage the cost is to say i dont think thats authorized i dont think thats necessary to and with prior authorization which means what the physician has to complete so early it is a barrier to generate an enormous amount of work to have doctors and hospitals to ensure that they put in more barriers what i call 1 trilliondollar and at the end of the day to generate enormous administrative waste to have a percent of our healthcare dollar on administration where most of the european counterparts spent 3 percent that is a huge amount of waste so the money that isnt paid for as we call balance billing or supplies billing with how the Current System works as you can imagine also generates an enormous amount of other kinds of waste approximate 25 or 30 percent of all healthcare in this country around three three. 5 trillion is considered a waste so when we have discussion extending health care to all those who are underinsured and uninsured are clearly opportunities to recover some of that waste to redistribute Health Insurance
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