This is really important, and is a cosponsor of this event. Isnt it wonderful . It is so exciting, meaningful of how the equality promised in jeffersons declaration was resurrected by lincoln and Frederick Douglass and awarded again and resurrected by kings. And Thavolia Glymph and kate masur were on the scholar he advisory panel, as well as Catherine Clinton s a conversation moderated by lana ulrich to create that exhibit. If you havent seen it go down as soon as possible and see it and tell me what you think. Please join me in joining lana ulrich and are panelists good evening and welcome to the National Const tuition center. Thank you jeff for that kind introduction. My name is a lana ulrich im the senior director at the center. Tonight program can we adjust the light okay. Im going to continue the introduction. Alicia can hear me even if you cant see us. Tonights program , women and the civil war. Its in connection with the new exhibit. Before i introduce the panel i would like to think our partner vision 2020 of drexel university. A National Initiative to achieve economic and political equality. Focusing on the 100 anniversary of women suffrage. Thank you for cosponsoring this event with us. I am delighted to introduce todays guests. Leading historians. Catherine clinton , kate masur , and a Thavolia Glymph. Is the professor at Queens University belfast , the author of over 30 books , including Harriet Tubman and following the program those are available for purchase. Kate masur is an assistant presser at northwestern. She is the author of an example for all the land the emancipation and the struggle for equality in washington dc. And finally Thavolia Glymph is a professor of history and law at duke university, also member of our Advisory Board and she is working on her upcoming theater production she is the officer author of out of the bondage, transformation of the plantation household. Please join me in welcoming our guests. [ applause ] i would like to get into some specific stories of women there featured in our exhibit, before we do so i want to ask a very brief question to each of you. If you could just say a few things about your thoughts on the role of women during this crucial time. Both enslaved women and free women. What were the means by which they could affect change during this time. . I will start with Thavolia Glymph. What were the means that women affect the change . That is a big question. I think Census Program is focused on both the civil war and reconstruction, we could start with the civil war. When i think about women and when i research and write about women and the war, im constantly trying to think about them , where they are , where the war find them , and also where they are when the war in . Which means that i have to think about plantation women , women who owned slaves , that was quite differently from the way that i think about northern women who became nurse is or missionaries in the south. And quite differently from poor white women in the mountain of North Carolina or poor white women in urban areas of the north. My ambition has been to put these women into dialogue with each other, and my work im trying to see what happens when women come facetoface with rich women, this is what happens. The war uproots people and places them in places they have not been before. So in which right women are fleeing me union army and running into the mountains, and they are running into territories that are occupied by poor white women , what does that look like . Briefly my goal for the war is to put them in a conversation with each other and figure out what their ambitions are for the war, and whether or not those ambitions are realized . Kate masur what are your thoughts . Segue talking from the civil war and talk about reconstruction. One of the things about the civil war that we have to understand if were going to understand reconstruction is that the war transformed so many things across the country. It was a period of tremendous upheaval in the south were slavery was crumbling where most of the battles were fought. Which is all this military destruction, and dislocation of people. Really transform the north and what people thought was possible, one of the centrals storylines of reconstruction is that it created a moment in which it was possible to rethink about the foundations of the united date, and the constitution itself. Here is a crisis and an opportunity to not just wipe away slavery which is what the 13th amendment did but to set the nation on a new footing that was the on that. For women who are experiencing this transformation, this new kind of brawl opened up. New doors open at. But to let her if you think about the kind of dislocations that happened during the war , and you think about women in world war ii moving into roles that they might not have taken up before. Running plantations, farms , moving into new kinds of work and philanthropic activities, fundraising. Women of all different kinds experiencing new roles. And that is what helped them decide what the nation would look like in the future. I think we would talk about womens Voting Rights, and i think its important to think about how the war transformed lives that help them look ahead into a different era and how can things be different now that the war is coming to an end . I spent a lot of time thinking about the boys is , and trying to put that into a larger story of when it happened and why it happened. I think in the past halfcentury since the civil war, the voice does have women and the poor. We look and see this celebration of women seeking opportunities, we have several thousand women assembling trying to create. We look at the way that women see this as an opportunity. Was one that was welcome . No, but one that they felt that they had to embrace. The reconstitution and the reaffirmation of households was something very important, and looking at as a household war was a new way of looking at. We know that the labor system was destroyed in terms of amendments and it was transformed from slavery to freedom. We also know that the transformation of families, and the role of women in that transformation. Asserting rights for mothers. It truly became a role in the transformation to a new world , although Voting Rights and citizenship might be denied they could be part of the political autonomy that would transform the south in many ways for good and bad. That something we can get to later. Lets talk about some specific stories of specific women and jump off their stories to talk about some of those other teams. Lets start with Harriet Tubman, a wellknown figure, and i will start with Catherine Clinton. I think people are familiar with her work, but something that people arent as familiar with . She was somebody who believed in the fundamental principles that slavery was more. So she commented to others that she did not expect emancipation in her lifetime. But she certainly sees the opportunity to take the underground railroad above ground. The gov. Massachusetts sent her to occupied South Carolina where he thought she could do more good, and the fact that she was an africanamerican woman they can move freely through the country and that meant that she did military operations and was involved , going up deep into the heart of dixie she liberated 750 enslaved people. We look and see that her civil war career was just coming to the forefront. And im so pleased that you put her biot biography in your exhibit. She did not walk around during the underground years carrying a rifle. Her career she was a military operator , she is very sophisticated in her approach. My colleagues may have other common . I thought we could talk about Harriet Tubman or harriet jacobs. And the role of African American women who came from the north to the south. They had very daring escape stories from slavery. Maybe we could talk about harriet and her escape story. You may be familiar with incident in the life of us leave girl , have you heard about that book . Im not sure about the publication history, it was forgotten, and that it came with into this feminist movement , and it frequently taught in history class. In it she describes her life in slavery North Carolina and her eventual escape to freedom. It is a grueling story , where she talks frankly about Sexual Exploitation of enslaved women by white men. And really difficult decisions she made about her sexuality because of the way that white men were trying to coerce her into having sexual relationships with them. Hiding out in tiny attic spaces for many months until she was able to escape to the north. I am happy for my colleagues to add to that. As i was thinking about this , one thing that she shares in common with Harriet Tubman , she and tubman and a woman from philadelphia are examples of africanamerican women who were living in the north , who went south during the civil war to participate in helping in the transition from slavery to freedom. In the case of harry jacobs she ended up in alexandria, virginia working with slaves who escaped from maryland and virginia and i come into alexander that was occupied by u. S. Military forces at that point. She was involved in hospital work and relief work, working with a white woman named juliet wilbur. And theres a lot of correspondence that is well documented about what was going on at that time. This was a very multifaceted person. She has a lot of connections , and at the same time she was doing relief work in the south in alexandria, and later in life she moved to washington dc. s but i think that the black women abolitionist and rescuers knew more than others that the plantation was the original hostile Work Environment to use the current term, and therefore this issue is actual harassment and the quotation was uppermost. At one point Harriet Tubman wrote of trying to protect me the women coming into the camp. Because it could really leave a lot of trust really trying to protect women during that period it was so important. One of the things is that we had these memoirs, and oral history with historical verification. A lot of the work that both of you have done is remarkable recovering the lives of women. When i started out, harry jacobs was discredited and disputed. Until she came along gives an entire his tree that she was able to dig out of the archives. Speaking of abolitionist, i wanted to touch briefly on another fairly well known figure. We have the First Edition of Uncle Toms Cabin on display. Harriet beecher stowe. Is there anything you want to add about the movement in general on the role of women as abolitionist . Was writing primarily the way that they were able to communicate their abolitionist ideals . Were there other methods that they were able to spread the Antislavery Movement . Again its a big story, abolitionist faced, now we are in the dark. I think theyre trying to tell us something about this particular program . Women abolitionist faced the same type of problems. They were despised , they were hated , they had all kinds of things thrown at them. Women were not supposed to speak in public. That was a problem. Women abolitionist insisted on having their voice is heard. We know a lot about white women abolitionist in particular and probably less about black women abolitionist with the exception of Sojourner Truth who stood up for emancipation and womens right. Even when black women were often not allowed to join certain white women abolitionist organizations. They persisted and organized. You have this interesting kind of situation where women who are antislavery, not all necessary pro equality. Who didnt necessarily believe that black people were equal. You see this problem within the womens Abolitionist Movement. Sometimes they work together. We talk about julia wilbur working with harriet jacobs, they were together at the same time, julia wilbur the white woman abolitionist is sending letters back to her folks same i really do not like harriet jacobs. Why did they send her here . Shes competition. So even into the war it problems like this that exist. I would also like to really emphasize how important it is for us to remember that abolitionist , the most fervent abolitionist who had what we call the strongest antislavery ground , they were the ones who rose up , and engage in dayto day resistance , they were the ones who became fugitives like ellen kraft who was a fair skinned enough to disguise herself as a slaveholding man, and her husband went with her and fled is her servant. She was the only black woman who disguised hers to make it into freedom as a man. The black women in the south who were enslaved had this huge role, they were the ones running away. And said that this war, they will have until this household is destroyed. You have somewhere in the neighborhood of 300,000 women who leave slavery there are 4 million slaves in this south. And those that did not run found ways to get through the system. Is everything you want to add . I apologize. There was certainly a hunger for her story. Telling the story of the people that were told to her. It was life and limb, and the entire project of resisting slavery. And what they translated, we do have a continuum that the anti Slavery Movement was clean. That translated into a broader war , that we could make it genuine. And now i think its coming forward the recovery of these women, and these exhibits that give these names and faces a bit of the story so that we get to know a bit more about them. Another important figure i like to touch on is Harriet Scott, the plaintiff in the infamous case didnt know that his wife was a coplaintiff. And we have the partition for freedom. What was the significant of the dread scott case . Obviously the significance was that the Supreme Court, and the decision of the Supreme Court which declared that people of african descent were not citizens of the United States and could never be citizens. This decision comes out of the case with harriet and her husband who because they have lived in free territory and claimed their freedom. They moved around a lot. Various people who claimed ownership of them. When they come back to missouri the case ends up in the Supreme Court. And we talk about dred scott more than we talk about his wife harriet who had her own case also contributing immensely to their household. They had to make a living, and she was very important in there. Certainly much forgotten. I think one thing about harriet that helps us think about a broader phenomenon, this was the phenomenon of freedom. Recently historians have unearthed. We tend to focus on the Supreme Court in really Big Decisions like the dred scott , but people that were claimed as slaves were going to court and they filed suits for their freedom not just in st. Louis which was very well documented , but i have looked at some of these in washington, d. C. , they are all over the place. When you file a freedom your essentially saying that you are illegally held in bondage. Which is hard to wrap your mind around the holes system. The whole system is unethical and awful. Of course there were legal rules around slavery, and people would say that they had been in free territory, and now theyre back in missouri , theres little entitled to freedom if you claimed that your on free territory you could no longer be held as a slave if someone said you were there slated to go to court and they know, i am entitled to my freedom. There were other ways that people claimed freedom. One was to say that you and your ancestors were unfairly and illegally enslaved because you had a white woman or a free woman in your ancestry, and because slavery falls the status of the mother, you could say that my mother was helping lavery , but her mother was a free woman of color, or white woman, and i and my children are entitled to our freedom. There are other ways that people claimed freedom, i also want to add that women also filed for freedom, i dont know what the number is, but certainly in the cases that i looked at for the district of columbia. Half of those filed were women. On behalf of themselves and their children. They worse so often connected with and responsible for their children, if they could successfully file it was for their kids. Its one of those ways that we see womens legal knowledge, womens agency and ideas about their family there was so important that they would pursue freedom to the point of hiring lawyers and risking a lot. Thats why Harriet Scott was a special and part of a large important phenomenon. Harriet tubman paid five dollars to a lawyer to ascertain if her mother had been held illegally . She was entitled to her freedom. I remember reading and the astonishment of the sophistication. She was illiterate, but quite aware of the law. We can look at the way that Sojourner Truth thought to have her son returned to her because he had been illegally seized. The way and women actively pursued this, for themselves and for their family it is a tale. You both mentioned Sojourner Truth. She was in abolitionist and a suffragist i have her here with elizabeth stanton. They worked with the 15th amendment , they both divorced from douglas and the Suffrage Movement was split. Is there anything that you want to add about the work on the Suffrage Movement in general and the outcome of what happened after the 15th amendment was passed . But where would i start . There were many women abolitionists who were trying to find a way to get suffrage for women. Many of these women decided that we will wait, and make sure that men have the right to vote. Some women were not happy with that decision to wait. And allow black men to have that boat first. And that disagreement between those that were willing to say that we should have male suffrage across the board. And those that felt that women should have the right to vote, it would lead to all kinds of complications. When northern women decided that one of the most fruitful ways to get suffrage for women was to have a national movement, and they had to have southern women included, and they said okay. Their position was that we will fight for womens suffrage in order to destroy the black vote. The womens suffrage and that movement was torn. Black women often felt that they were ignored. There were battles between ida b wells who was born in 1963, and became a serious antilynching campaigner, and a journalist who also decides to get married. When she got married some of the white suffrage is said this is not good, you cannot be a wife and a suffragist at the same time. She did it. This is a woman who left because there was a bounty on her head. She stood up when black men had been lynched. In these men who were her friends. After that she became the foremost person in the country leaving the antilynching campaign, and also she was a cofounder of the naacp which is important to remember. Womens suffrage, it eventually gets to the right to vote. Celebrating that anniversary, it was a hardfought campaign , not just for the men, but for the enemies that women also made in this country. The division was so evident in the 1890s with someone like Frederick Douglass who have been present and really pushed women to add boats to their agenda, and white women did add that to their agenda , and because of that southern strategy which was a White Supremacy strategy they were willing to advocate and use the rhetoric of racism at a time when you have such violence. Racism in the United States in the peak year of lynching there was a lynching every other day. There women being pulled into that. And women roles and that were often very complicated. Rebecca felton had made some striking remarks about the protection of white women. We do see the devolution. Hopefully we cannot just tell one story , but many stories. I am sensitive to the way that we have battles over rhetoric. And unfortunately theres a lot of statue battles going on with Sojourner Truth, needing to have her place, a leader who stood up to white woman women, we need to praise a battle of politics which is a modern fairy term. Those of us looking at the past see how sensitive was during that era to the varieties of change. Who got to speak and what the platform was. Is there anything that you would like to add about this conflict . What could i add . In the moment, both of you jumped ahead to the next phase, in that next moment was when a lot of the existing Suffrage Movement really blew up over the question of the right to vote in the 15 amendment. When you look at how that went down, one of the wonderful things about the web is that primary sources and stuff is readily available. Just to get a look at the things that Elizabeth Cady stanton were primitive movers of that movement. They really thought that this moment of tremendous upheaval was the moment that they had to get womens right to vote. And when they were forced to wrap their mind around that that it wasnt going to come to pass because the republicans were more focused and guaranteeing the right to vote to africanamerican men, the urgency that came out of emancipation, and what needed to happen to secure democracy , and when they realize that that would not include universal suffrage or Voting Rights for women, they aligned themselves with the Democratic Party which was extraordinary racist, thats when stanton was using racist rhetoric against the irish, the chinese, basically saying things like we cannot believe that the product and white women like your puritan mothers are going to be denied the right to vote when all of these horrible people will be allowed to vote. The kind of racism that they referred to in that moment was deplorable. It is horrible to read and makes you understand , i like the term interest section because it makes under and how people who are fighting for what they can better what is right can go really wrong when they are considering the access of different , and at that moment, an abolitionist who i think is amazing was Francis Harper who would say look, that is not the way we have to go, we can go in different directions, we can have the 15th amendment and then we will try to address womens suffrage. These understandings of where you stand would give you a different perspective , and if people need to list to one another its evident in the worst way of that. Spaghetti goes back to the fact that these women had not been for the quality , they had been against slavery. And that was a huge leap for them to show their racism when they realize that this is going to be a moment when women will not get the right to vote. Not all women , but not all white woman, but middleclass women are better than poor white women in these immigrant women coming from southern and eastern europe. And we are certainly better than black women. It all comes out, and then the culmination of the alliance you mentioned Francis Harper, writing about the work that was done for equal treatment in particular. Was anything else you wanted to add beyond that work for Voting Rights . A quick Francis Harper story, a category of hundreds of women, as an African American woman she was accustomed to the humiliation that came with black women being put in the smoking cars , not allowed to write and First Class Cars , there were many women in the north and the south who were dragged off of streetcars, ive just been working on a story about four women in 1867 in South Carolina were dragged off the streetcar. Its important to think about that this is 1867, two years after freedom. Also a year after the Civil Rights Act of 1866. They shouldve had full access to public accommodations whether we are talking about skating rinks , or theaters in the south. Or streetcars. They still had to fight for that , and they are still being dragged out. And that is why black men when they get to vote , and when they have power to make decisions about what will go into these constitutions being rewritten. They say that they want land on redistribution. And we want and we want our wives and sisters to not be humiliated. Every one of these constitutions , there are clauses about public accommodation that there will be no distinction based on race, color, past, or previous distinction. I think that is essential. Up at another figure up. Idol wells. I think that women went to the poor, a young woman named Francis Rawlins whod been in the north, her parents were in South Carolina they were in the brown society, her father supplied the confederate army. She was involved in the steamship case, she was denied passage. She went to martin delaney, and she wanted to see the changes take place , she became enamored and wrote the fee and published under the name of frank rawlins. For a century people do not realize that she was the first africanamerican woman historian , she began because it came out of protest i have my freedom and right we saw women in during the reconstruction. Trying to seize their right. We know the stories of these women and were trying to get there stories out. Its so important to imagine that they are waiting for us. They were really getting out the vote for the reconstruction era. These are important stories. What is lost, we talk about the notion of the failures of reconstruction, im just enamored recently. Where i heard Stacey Abrams talking about the language, you have people organizing and creating community which did indeed happen. Strikes in South Carolina and in the north. The government refused to enforce the law, the women i think to came to the forefront. We have many francis is do you have a character we want to share with us . A character . Maybe we should move to q a . I always like to talk about kate brown. Before ida wells became famous as a journalist writing about lynching protested discrimination about the railroad. In my case i did a lot of research on kate brown who was in attendance and a ladies washroom. There were spectators who would go and watch the proceedings of the senate, and kate brown would hand out the towels in the washroom. She knew a lot of senators, and senators who are willing to stand up to her. She was kicked off the train that ran between washington and alexandria. Washington dc had antidiscrimination laws and she bought a ticket and rode the ladies car to alexandria. But when she got on they didnt have the same roles on the other side of the river. And the Security Guard came, and they physically threw her off the car , she was severely injured. She had held on and said i have a right to be on this car i bought a ticket. Part of what is interesting about the story and why we know the story is because when she got back to washington she told the people that she knew in the United Senate what had happened to her , they came to her house and took her testimony, and the document of her testimony is in the congressional library. Its a published document. And i thought wow im following this case, and i wonder where i can find out more about her. And then i found this verbatim article. And someone said what happened next. Really much more information than what you get. She sued the Railroad Company , she wrote legislation , she drafted legislation, and won her lawsuit, they were acting as a court of appeal for the district of columbia, and said when we say that there is equality the Railroad Companies that we provide accommodations , they are separate but equal. At this point the Supreme Court acting as the court of appeals said that is not the intention. That is not keeping with the intention of the law. So it gets a little footnote as an example of a president in which the court said separate but equal is not the intention. And that is kate brown. Something that has always frustrated me. There is no photo of her that i have ever found. In situations like Museum Exhibit or other places where we want to talk about her and so many other women, it is so hard to figure out. People want illustrations , they want to see what this person looks like. If theres not a photo or image it makes it difficult. And that is one of the challenges that we face when we translate this work. I would like to get to specific audience questions before we close. This question is for Catherine Clinton or Thavolia Glymph. Did any of the women involved in the underground Railroad Work actively as spies for the union . Women who were conductors . Women involved in the underground railroad or the Abolitionist Movement . We were talking about women involved like Harriet Tubman. I do not think we know how many of them came back . But we do know that susie taylor reminiscing about African American women said that they were invisible. They often gathered information. I thought she was asked about women whod been conductors of the railroad . Women who had been conductors on the railroad. And other words and movement that is overwhelmingly pretrade as male conductors. I have not found a lot of evidence to contradict that. The main conductor was tubman. She was given orders by the war department. And had difficulty claiming her pension. If you were a spy you didnt keep good records. And she also had the testimony of many generals. But no surprise that it was congressman from the south that were protesting. This idea of the underground railroad was a network of sympathetics. You mentioned point about the south , but we dont have evidence of women coming back during the war except for Harriet Tubman in her case its women who have a long history of being spies and revolutionaries in the low country of South Carolina i dont know of other women who are there any stories of women who fought as male soldiers in the war . One of my favorites was a controversial figure. Loretta vasquez. She was born in new orleans. She fell love with somebody outside of the community who was an anglo soldier she was left with two children in the no children as they died from the fever. She took a uniform she went and fought for the confederacy she may have traded information to the union, the woman in battle is what she put forward and said that if only i was a man. And then she acted on it, its quite clear that there are women at every level. There were lieutenants and a corporal who was close to his attendant who then gave birth to a baby. And that led him out of the army. There are many cases like this that are coming to the forefront. Its interesting to see that some women were accompanying sweethearts, brothers. And then people like emma edmonds who fought bravely, we have evidence, will have a few but theyre very emblematic and they take us to the present where we see these issues where many of these women were angry at the notion that they being women could not see the elephant and going to combat. . . Generals who said no women in cam , and there were two womens body found among the dead soldiers in the red river campaign. More evidence coming to the forefront. I will say that the other great battle was among the reenactors, how they accept or fail to accept the women who did donna uniform and many performed very bravely. We are almost out of time. I want to ask one quick closing question. Are there any brief stories that we havent mentioned . And why is it important for us to understand these dories for our history and Going Forward . I cant think of any one specific story that i would privilege more than others. I can think of many women who fought during the war, women who fought for the wrong thing, women who fought for the right thing. Women who did nothing, women who just wanted their husbands to come home. I am really interested less and a main or a story even though ive written about women rose, black women in South Carolina who led her son and other men into battle against confederate scout and who became the subject of much gossip in South Carolina. Eventually it was decided that she had to be treated as a combatant. So the confederate scout went after her and her army. They hanged her and left her on the field of battle. They killed her son and many others of the men that she led. We have those stories. I want to put out before us a story of women from the bottom, and a collective story. When i think about poor white women, there is not one particular. The work comes in there on the confederate side, but theyre not privileged. So they have to scrounge , they go in they still , the riot. What is really interesting is that when the war in and the confederate man come back into power temporarily, one of the first things to do is to pass a law saying that these poor white women who rioted would be pardoned. They would not be tried for these crimes that they had committed. I am interested in them, and how they make it through . Im interested in how they see white women who are rich . Im interested in how we tell this story of of black women and white women forming alliances because theyre both in opposition to plantation mistresses. And we get to the reconstruction. Im really interest it and telling a story of women, and black women who though they couldnt vote, they were at meetings of the churches and galleries, and they were saying to white republicans and black men and his reputation is. If you dont do this youre going to be in trouble. Dont come home at night. They were pushing men to adopt the most radical proposals. This is the collective story of women of different races and classes that we have to tell. Closing thoughts . And why is it important for us to learn these dories . It makes me think about a time when there was a student who had this moment, i cant remember exactly what we were talking about in class. But she had this epiphany, when you look at womens history, almost by default you cannot be talking about legislators, and politicians, most of the people who get the attention and history are not women, ever. A lot of times if you talk about women in history you are talking about your every day life. And your household. Power, relations and families, how people take care of children how people balance aspirations with aspirations in their private life. And this directs us towards that , and the students said this makes me think that every minute of every day we are living in his three. And it was like yes. If that is part of what studying the history of women can direct us to this notion is why we have a history. All the opportunities we have. There is something looking at women that take us into the early terrain that is really important that is what is most important in womens live,. And why is it important for everyone to learn these stories. Im very empathetic. And i welcome people to. I became derailed and deranged into biographies. I welcome the collective. I feel that the biographies being done by women scholars frame it in a larger portrait. I do see that is really important. And looking at somebody like Harriet Tubman and mary link when lincoln. Which led me into my frequent project , that there was white man fighting in the civil war. I am working on madness and the way in which these discussions, we are in the 21st century, and they have gone through wars, and i live in san antonio, military city, and it occurs to me that you look around and see that the civil war is not a dead relic of the past. And as we approach the subsequent tenniel we have to think about ways that we can reconstruct the past and make it accessible. And i will say that we are bringing to life with words and images, and i think that new approach to history is one that we welcome. Tell the story and get the word out in the voices out. Thank you. I just want to say that its important to receive, and i love your biographies. I want to say that maybe a corrective narrative. When we tell womens stories, we tell them in biographies. And men can represent the whole world , but women have to represent a whole household. I am for women representing the whole world. Thank you. So much Thavolia Glymph, Catherine Clinton, and kate masur. I welcome you to go out and check the exhibit out personally. Thank you for coming. A commemoration marking the 400th anniversary of the first meeting of the virginia gen. Assembly in the summer of sick teen 19. Next on American History tv. This is part one of a three part ceremony. Gov. Northam, and his which guess, welcome to the historic jamestown. I have the great honor to serve as chief executive officer for preservation virginia. On behalf