and boosting heat waves. outages of the future could last more than 24 hours. the east coast, 2015. global warming is all too real. the northeast is gripped by a blistering heat wave. high temperatures and increased demand causes transition lines to overheat, bringing power out annals across the grid. >> in a cascading failure, what happens one line trips, it causes an increase flow on the other lines. if another line flips, it causes more and more flow. so eventually you get a cascade. >> the overload ripples through the system, jumping from circuit to circuit until the entire system crashes. the great blackout of 2015 has