Coming up the mistreat oil spill polluting beaches in brazil a call to see the scale of the disaster is unprecedented and the cleanup costs will run into the billions but they still dont know where the oil is coming from. Plus why is this man collecting elephant dung in south africa the clue to make a great thats often taken with tonic ice and a slice of lemon and. One of a warm welcome to you im a retired cheema festivities have started here in germany to mark the fall of the berlin wall 30 years ago on november the 9th 1809 east germanys communist regime lifted travel restrictions on its citizens leaving them free to cross into the west for the 1st time in nearly 3 decades all this week events are taking place across the capital to mark the day that changed history. History flashed before their eyes as thousands returned to prelims iconic alexanderplatz to mark their moment that would help change the city and the country forever your voice in this is we want to make it possible to relive what happened back then and also the developments since then the road hasnt always been smooth over the last 30 years but we succeeded at something we can live together without a wall in peace and freedom in feeding on fire. On november 4th 1909 more than half a 1000000 protesters descended on the square staging what would become the largest demonstration in the history of east germany led by some of its most prominent intellectuals they rose up to demand more freedom. Is. This is if someone has pushed open the window. After years of intellectual economic and political stock nation. Shelf theyve been years reeking of apathy for 2 years of double speak and bureaucratic despotism. What. Is. The communist regime had to rapidly and publicly lost all support but even then no one predicted that just 5 days later the berlin wall would fall. This week the spirit of the peaceful revolution once more lights up the city like this giant wave of colorful streamers at the Brandenburg Gate carrying messages of hope for the future written by germans. Over the coming days the city will celebrate the anniversary with more than 200. 00 events exhibitions and our works culminating with the ceremony at the berlin wall memorial on saturday. Joining me now is a key lead the u. S. Team in the negotiations that brought about the reunification of germany after the fall of the bun and war of a well welcome to you mrs ali 1st before to me whats going through your mind as we approach this historic an embassy well theres a rush of memories about the the people have been in the people of east germany and the excitement of west germany but also the part that i was involved with was to try to deal with the International Context you had the challenges of the old for power rights after world war 2 you had 380000 soviet troops so the challenge at that time was how to mesh what was happening on the ground with the International Politics and we come to that challenge in just a moment for many of the for the burman wars came as a complete and utter surprise did you see it coming you could start to tell an 89 that there was a movement to gorbachev and open possibilities the east german regime was shaky the exact prediction know when a wall would open was an accidental event of course so no one knew that for sure but you could tell that the ground was shaking. So you took fatah in the negotiations leading to germanys reunification the socalled too close for talks what was the most crucial part of that process and the challenges that you talked about. Well while people in berlin understandably and people across germany are focused on uniting of people from the east and west what has to keep in mind this was occurring in a larger context of stirrings in the rest of central and Eastern Europe changes in the soviet union and so one had to embed the unification of germany within the unification of europe and the key aspect of this do go ahead to go ahead to say so the key aspect of that was the success of the federal public of germany over 40 years and cold war had been its link to european integration and the Transatlantic Community through nato so at the same time we wanted to try to support germans and keep the promise for unification we want to do it in a way that would also reassured neighbors both east and west and so that the challenge was how to integrate it with what became the European Union and to keep a united germany in nato that wasnt so easy given the history of this old war cold war with the soviet union and it was hit or miss clear to us governments that germany should be and could be reunited one day well that was the wonderful part the United States had had a promise to the german people youd side in the berlin airlift in 4849 you saw it with the opening of the wall in 61 and kennedys coming but the exact prediction of what could happen no one could know president bush actually in may so well 5 months before started to talk about the possibility of german unification so there was an interest in trying to support an ally but also do it in a way that built a future partnership and this is that it after the fall of the bull and what this still is some degree of ambiguity about g. D. Fixation specially in fully east germany what is your assessment. Well i know if you could see it at the time it was going to take at least a generation of change i actually drove through the eastern vendor in 1902 with my wife just to get a feel for feelings on the ground i knew a lot of the young people sort of coming to the west but i guess one way of thinking about this in International Context is compare with the people of hong kong or the people of syria this was a movement on the ground but fortunately it had the support of its International Partners and it creates an opportunity for people for the future so you know history never is totally solved theres no end to history one has to keep working on these issues but it create an opportunity for the people of germany but equally important the people of europe and their connection in the Transatlantic CommunityRobert Zoellick thank you very much for talking to debbie on this important and it was see as the approach the 30th anniversary of the fall of the berlin wall great to have your insights and your perspective congratulations now one of the most dreaded aspects of life in communist east germany was the secret police the stasi its functionaries spied on hundreds of thousands of citizens and many had no idea what information the stasi had gathered about them until years later when their files the made public because the 2 women whose lives were changed by the state Security Force and who still feel the effects today. Visit the building where they used to live. When the 2 secretaries lived here in the younger years as spies from the stasi used them as secret Police Monitor them through the kitchen window. But then the tree was smaller. You see people from the stasi standing there no as for me i just recently read about it. We never would have thought of such a thing. No i dont think so either. They read about it in the stasi files or couple of 100 pages of intercepted letters private mail and official correspondence and most of all reports from spies including the layout of loners aber and zuko all falls flat. At 7 am on april 30th 980 observation of residence was undertaken this kitchen light was on and the window was half open about 50 minutes later the light was turned off and save on left the flat alone she walked in the direction of the summer he touched us a subway station of the month had someone looked into my life and i had no idea about it this is made me feel very uncomfortable for years i didnt want to have anything to do with it i didnt even want to read the file. This is whats there. But i have to live with it. In my experience you always get through life better if you can live with the situation with. It. They wanted to leave east germany they had applied for exit reasons it was here that they were subjected to hours of interrogation they never wanted to set foot in this place again well lets just go and you have to go back to the place of horror. But i have a really bad bodily feeling really bad i could just cry then do it. Now. To this day they feel humiliated by the tone used in the interrogations. Here to. The service. So is a greeting it was like can see right away that your slant not only is out of the you better watch out dont even cross the street the wrong way we are everywhere just huge threats. But it was more than 30 years ago on the anniversary of the fall of the berlin wall the stasi Documentation Authority made the files accessible zilker or fallen below is able to speak publicly about what happened there explains young germans why they risked their lives to leave east germany. I wanted out and i didnt want anyone to tell me who has the right to decide where i live even if it were social or whatever but we didnt want that and at that age youre also brave enough to do it as much as most does he even somehow never getting out or only to a couple of countries that it was decided i could go to i never agreed to that i had said before that i wasnt happy with that and then i thought you know i just want out of here i want freedom he said if i had but at some stage it all petered out both women withdrew their exit visa applications or from our pastor and that allowed her to travel alone as a but had a baby and was allowed to go to the west after all. And all this week we had d. W. Who being your special coverage in reports on the events which led to the fall of the berlin wall 30 years ago as well as stories of individuals as we just heard that we now bring you up to date with some other stories making news around the wild Fire Fighters in Lagos Nigeria are battling a blaze at a huge market shopkeepers have been throwing goods from upper floors and trying to battle the flu. While fire engines struggle to reach the sea. The European Court of justice has ruled that poland broke the law by luring the retirement age of judges the European Commission had challenge the polish law alleging it undermined the judiciarys independence the polish government can now choose judges to replace those who are retiring. President has some says iran will take another step towards violating the International Agreement limiting its Nuclear Program technicians will begin injecting gas at centrifuges that enrich uranium iran started backing away from the deal after the us been drew and imposed sanctions. The u. S. Has formally notified the United Nations that it is pulling out of the paris climate agreement President Donald Trump announced the move 2 years ago but monday was the 1st day the process could actually start the u. S. As the only country to quit the. Authorities in brazil say an oil spill off the northeast coast is one of the biggest environmental disasters ever to hit the country always been washing up for months now with nearly 300. 00 beaches hit but president abbas a narrow has warned the worst is yet to come. Its one of the worst oil spills in brazil history but one thats hard to fully assess from the air or by satellite brazilian Authorities Say its impossible to tell how much oil is likely to come ashore and no ones sure whos responsible brazilian president says its the fault of a greek flight oil tanker and hes asked interpol to investigate but also now are removed environmental safeguards so they say stablish. Executive order in april got rid of several 100 of them in all for their work. And one of those committees was exactly the committee to deal with oil spills now brazils coastal ecosystems its beaches coral a marine life have been devastated. By sea life wont be able to flourish and grow like its always been able to and it affects the food chain its a community of land and sea species here this is a disaster this oil cannot be allowed to remain. Free to the cleanup effort is enormous including government authorities the military and thousands of volunteers because it has to be over 300. 00 beaches along 2000 kilometers of coastline must be cleared of crude oil but this disaster with this kind of oil it cant be detected by satellite has never happened before in brazil or in fact anywhere in the world. Brazil now has multiple environmental disasters playing out at once fires in the amazon a burst toxic mining dam and now this. Im now joined by dan shontayne reporting for the Associated Press indigenous to dan do we dont more about where this oil is coming from and why interpol is not getting involved in this incident yet. So resilient authorities investigated for 2 months they looked into dozens of vessel that had been that getting close to the coast around brazil coaster around july and august and for a moment you know what i mean it was basically an oil we didnt know where it came from and a few days ago police said that it came from a greek cargo and they believe that the tanker still some heavy crude some 700 kilometers off the brazilian coast between 28th and 29th of july. But the sheeple are married to night the weekend so prison authorities request of cooperation from International Agencies such as interpol to help with this investigation into the ship that also the crew and the pump. As he seemed to show chris i had playing with the key now what more can you tell us about the stomach action. So since the very beginning said it would be around september 2nd when oil started the washing up on the. Shore. Locals it once years have played a very Important Role and in the cleanup you know they have been the ones running up their sleeves and taking it on themselves to the beaches because they know you know they depend on this and its for tourism and so they have been very crucial in teaming up and not always using her material and protection so we have seen reports of some people feeling nauseous and having headaches and you would think skin because theyve been working the whole day you know theyve got to be on clean up or and sometimes up close. And sometimes that you know stepping outside for the for the government who is kind of you know slow to to respond in fact talking about the government is this president general sanaa who has come under fire for his handling of this situation what will can tell us about that and how damaging is this oil spill if i visit so some of the some saying it was the problem was that it was too late still too late and a lot of people have been criticizing the governments slow response at 1st then they send a military and then they send it you know back up to 5000 military members who are you know available to help. But its tragic say that one of them being problem is that both in our dismantled when he came to power in april many comments and that used to counsel governments on different issues from culture to health to the environment and some of those commitments 2 of them were actually set down and they were actually part of the National Emergency plan for old bills and was the nation so this would not be good for the government right to dan i shot in Rio De Janeiro thank you very much for the update from that. Staying in south america and tens of thousands of people have again taken to the streets of the chilean capital santiago to demand Better Social Services and an end to inequality the demonstrations began last month after the government announced a hike in subway fare now the government accuses the protests is of damaging the economy but critics say there are too few chileans who are benefiting from its prosperity. Sirens tear gas and water cannon tensions once again fled into violent clashes between police and protesters in santiago. The demonstrations have entered the 3rd week of a metro affairs has grown into protests income inequality and poor public services. Clashes between police and protesters have left 20 people dead the governments response is im good friends demanding change. Where protesting against the system in general above all against the problems in the neoliberal system here in chile weve reached a crisis and have noticed that the system cannot handle it anymore you know i actually was considered a latin american Success Story but Economic Growth has been accompanied by rising inequality and cooks in social spending. Thousands took to the streets on monday to protest against the Pension System they say is leaving people shortchanged. Your water your base government wants to maintain the current Pension System. For us this is insulting its a provocation and thats why people are so angry. About this rally to highlight student debt which is crippling the finances of university graduates. Not being able to pay and having to do without things to save money and its never ending in a source of distress. Fueled by a sense of injustice the protests show no sign of abating. Now me just take an a move like this elephant produce huge amounts of something thats almost as majestic at least in size but not that nice elephant dung abyss is used for many things from fertilizers to fuel now a couple in south africa has found a new and novel use for it our correspondent increase has the story. Lets just lay is always good to see peoples reactions while preparing is just tasty after all and louvel is no ordinary gin its flavored with elephant stuff. Oh. Yeah it is a little bit funny to think that that was elephant dung but its its good surprisingly good. If you didnt expect so you know. What makes me realize or feel better about it is all the alcohol about serialize is whatever that was inside the down side doesnt really make a big difference to me it tastes good. Less and slowly and his wife gave a special ingredients for their gin in south africa with the scope. And theres some danger involved a pride of lions watch this with bated breath by. The 2 former academics came up with the idea while on so far theyre in business. Terms of grass and leaves is love is a very protected call its because be elephants all this amazing food and they digest so little and the rest of their food is just posh right through their digestive system very quickly and they end up on the field floor. Indeed that doesnt smell to bet. Still the park rangers are just getting used to seeing people collect elephant feces. Still for you a little bit with elected government. Yes yes. So we collected about just over 3 of the size bags. And this will be. More we have bought. 4000 bottles 6000 bottles will have to get out of. The elephant feces get washed and dry to the workshop then it gets steeped in gin for 24 hours just like it back to find a product as a premium gin for more than 30 euros per bottle its a key to success for the gin distillers. Its been crazy so it was it started off as maybe we could do this is a part time thing but we soon realized if we wanted to make it successful and if we if you wanted to grow the business and it had to be a full time job so forth for 2 of us its a full time job. The spirit makers now hope that the elephant dung infused gin will claim a permanent place on the shelves of south africas stores and pop says. I personally do really like the taste and it seems a lot of people here are agreeing with me on that you just need to sort of not really think about what ingredient is in here. But also door to host italys into milan in the Champions League later this evening its an important game as both teams see qualification in a group thats currently topped by brilliant bosler into won the 1st leg and i expecting an electric atmosphere indoor one the german side on the other hand has had a recent drop of good form which has boosted their confidence. Says believe is a quality you young blonde has in abundance it was his brace against but was your mentioned lot back that dumped him out of the german top last week and confidence can be contagious thats why the dortmund forward wants his team to come out of their shell when they face inter milan in the Champions League. We are a good team weve scored a lot of goals not been asleep already. I believe that we should respect the defense but as a team not have to really. Need the inter milan the italian team place with character and the defense has been tough to break this season but playing is always a challenge. We have to be very careful and pay close attention its very important for us we will be playing in an electric atmosphere. The home support will boost confidence the fans will hope to push their Team One Step closer to qualifying for the Champions League knockout stages. A match with watching the u. S. President donald trump is honored this is World Series Champions the Washington Nationals at the white house the nationals beat the Houston Astros in the best of 7 series last week to clinch their maiden was series title but only 18 of the national 25. 00 active roster attended the ceremony which are shown do little skits the visits say policies and divisive rhetoric meant that he would not feel comfortable making the trip. Youre watching the news coming up on the news. First they were invited to germany them they were invited to go home vietnamese guest workers after the fall of the berlin wall. Nuances of one womans futile chris quest to find a husband a human rights lawyer imprisoned in china. And the former front lines of the hong kong protests transformed into virtual reality. Is coming up shortly. Because. I wrote since the column in the berlin germany. The against the taliban the devastating nostra by an eco colebatch is our. Outclasses me in a 5 to one big obscene. Double. After the fall of the berlin wall nov 9th on d w. Carefully. The soon. To be. Discovered. Subscribe to the documentary on. The adventures of the framus naturalist and explorer. Too soon to bring to the public some dough from him books 250. Dollars for the discovery. Expedition in boyd. The lead. This is t w news asia coming up should they stay or should they go a tough question for a vietnamese guest workers 30 years ago when the berlin wall fell many felt they were no longer welcome. And in search of her husband what it means if youre married to a human rights activist disappeared in china. Plus youve seen videos of the hong kong protests now