Help fish it out but are they really the answer to the pollution problem. And gamest take on a. Human players still have a chance in this contest. Our oceans are in constant motion not only due to the time its but also to currents that carry water around the planet and critically influence the global climate. An important element of this socalled global Conveyor Belt is the countless small whirlpools that form on the surface of the water. Researchers are keen to study them from unusual vantage point. 3 chips. And airplane. And the 2nd leg of that would see arnold clockwork ocean is the most ambitious expedition the book contains an International Team of 40 oceanographers have ever undertaken. They want to explore small ocean eddies that range in diameter from 100 meters to 10 kilometers. Scientists have only started to focus on these will to seize in the last 10 years with the help of computer models how do they interact with the major ocean currents how do they influence life in the oceans and the global climate. In. The clockwork ocean expedition started 3 years ago without the ash if the mission would have been impossible. The Research Site is in the baltic sea between the islands of bornholm and was a dual from that airborne lab the scientists try to detect small ocean eddies over 10 day periods. Forced on those 2 months we were pretty excited before we got started weve spent many years preparing and theres a great sense of anticipation we really dont know where the vortices are and whether we will even find one you know the zeppelin has a major advantage in that you can actually park it above the vortex and have it in view the entire time that way we can observe processes that develop in the space of a few minutes in all or intensity will come. To the eddy hunters each day is exciting will they detect Something Interesting the ash it floats about 300 meters above the waters surface from this height you can barely see the forcings with the naked eye but an infrared camera detects much more it scans the surface of the water at 100. 00 images per 2nd and measures the water temperature. The data. Laus the scientists to track the votes of scenes. Here at the institute of Coastal Research in the northern german town of taft the special cameras attested before each Mission Today that researches a setting up a High Performance infrared camera above a water basin to demonstrate its potential. It provides a far higher Spatial Resolution than comparable satellite images. We can detect very small temperature differences for just 0. 03 degrees. Book of bash ect demonstrates hes in his hand when he holds it above the water the surface warms up slightly the light blue hand on the right side of the infrared image indicates the heat reflection on the waters surface but what is the significance of such minimal differences in temperature you get every variation in temperature or salt content cause a small differences in density and therefore areas of high and low pressure it works just like in the atmosphere where you get a current going from a High Pressure area to a low pressure one that way the sea begins to move theres also movement in the basin the vortex draws colder water from the deeper layers upwards as a result the surface of the vortex in the camera image turns dark place. In the sea the small eddies also seem to bring colder more nutrient rich water towards the surface this in turn boosts the growth of tiny algae these are not only an important food source for a large a marine species they also produce about half of the oxygen that we breathe. Back in the secular end. Of the phone we found out for checks 3 kilometers wide 0. 5 degrees difference will be flying there right away. Of the going we have the 1st sign of bacteria on the water surface. They got to me for quickly because of what techs like this anything else for about 6 hours the scientists want to take samples from all measurements theyre interested in the selves and oxygen content the temperature and the concentration of conduit in the well pull. The data is then compared with the information from the app is that the in can pocket above the 4 checks for hours during one flight the oceanographers when able to record some very special data. A. Lot of as a given at all normally you only see the vortex once its formed but this time it was maybe 20 meters across at the beginning so we could really watch how it grew in the end there were 3 eddies that we then measured very closely it was the 1st time that we could observe a vortex over its entire lifetime. Initial analyses support the research his hypothesis the small voices seize transport the cold water outwards along with its nutrients and so really do influence the growth of important marine microbiology. Wasnt what were discovering and many other mysterious things that we still cannot explain the fascination with the unknown is what drives you to learn more but still new questions arise and being able to find some answers to them over time is fascinating. Book up bash eclipse to continue their research with the help of the zeppelin with the flying laboratory hes made major contributions to the success of the complex and should mission. Ocean currents also transport Plastic Waste all around the globe even depositing it deep on the seabed. An estimated 8000000. 00 tons of plastic a year end up in our oceans the equivalent of a truckload every minute. Much of this plastic comes from collusive rivers which wash it into the sea. Flowing south of bombed wrong city the tonto population of over 2000000. 00 is one of the longest rivers in java the chitta room. In the early 1980 s. This was a tropical paradise but by 2013 an Environmental Organization deemed one of the most polluted rivers in the world. Waste water is discharged into it along with toxic chemicals from textile factories and vast quantities of mainly plastic garbage. The name of the chooser room her room program is to clean up the river the indonesian government wants its water to be drink a bill by 2025 the military is playing a key role in the initiative. We meet march and cost and here the german entrepreneur has founded a startup called plastic fisher together with colonel joe doe theyre inspecting a prototype of the trash barriers or booms as they call them that will be installed in the river. These sectors are built because of the program. Initiative to clean up the town that was once called the wells plutus river and the president himself order to clean up this river with more than 1400. 00 soldiers of the army we Work Together with them here in this sector to make their work a bit more efficient because they are going with the boat every day in this water to pick up all the trash that is flushed by the rain into the water so our goal is to build solutions from locally available materials to ensure its cheap its can be repaired at any time and build quickly and so we came up with the idea to deploy one of these trash bins here these are physical barriers they are floating there around 60 centimeters steve and will catch all of the waste that is floating on in the 1st 60 centimeters of the water. Still the challenge remains enormous the trash boom prototype is quickly overloaded on any given day there are about 2000 tonnes of plastic and it used to room. With indonesias steep population growth an inadequate Waste Management systems waste from millions of households ends of washed by a tributaries into the cheese a room every day. This is the river and basically brings all the wastes from the city of london into the cheetah in reverse so this is why pest officials planning to put in a huge trash from over there around 50 meters long that you can walk on and it will block all the waste that is right now flowing into the town river. Overwhelming is the problem may seem progress is being made in the last 2 years thousands of tons of waste have been fished out of the river. But the mammoth task of cleaning it up requires the support of local communities and networks. Plastic fishers cofounder Morris Schultz is visiting ram down his mantle in his workshop hes checking in on the construction of a large trash boom that will be installed in the chicken. Ramadan belongs to the precious Plastic Network which is 40000 Members Around the world all working on projects that tackle Plastic Waste activists ram down on the plastic fish or entrepreneurs met through the network morgan says pleased with how construction is progressing. First the steel wire part will be in the water and reports. On every spot of this always 2 barrels. Of one of the just each and we have to voice your balls. True. So you can really create pressure of it. The barrels are source mainly from textile factories recycling materials from local businesses that would otherwise be discarded as a cornerstone of the project. Crunch time the 1st of 13 large trash booms designed to stop waste from the chick a pond on washing up in the cheetah room is ready to be installed to galvanise construction is fitted with a bamboo platform but will it actually float. Oh yeah yeah so this will be our solution for a very heavy floating rivers that carry a lot of waste so i think if we prove that it works in there we can put it basically everywhere slippery the trash boom is put into position now its time for the acid test but not until the start of the rainy season when the barricades will have to contend with stronger currents and tons and tons of garbage but the plastic fish your team is optimistic where theres a will there may be a way to clean up the chooser room ok thank you. And me and 9 percent of all plastic and the food is tested recycled. One time that is especially hard to recycle is packaging made of mixed plastics. And thats a shame because packaging constitutes the largest part of plastic garbage. And whats particularly tragic is that much of it gets thrown away together with unused food. Around a 3rd of the food produced worldwide is thrown away thats 1300000000. 00 times each year. If we didnt waste such a huge amount our world would look very different 12000000000 people. For climate would benefit to just growing and producing all the food that ends up getting thrown away currently generates 3300000000. 00 tons of Greenhouse Gases per year. That means food waste comes in just behind the worlds 2 leading c o 2 it measures china and the us. By curbing our food wastage wed also prettily reduce water shortages across our planet we presently use 250 cubic kilometers of water every year just to produce the food we throw away thats about 4 times as much as the yearly public Water Supplies in the entire United States saving it would give us about a quarter more water available for irrigation worldwide and wed need a 3rd less farmland to in fact an area almost the size of russia could be given over to rain forests and other ecosystems which in turn would protect many thousands excuse she is from becoming extinct. And by wasting less meat we kill fewer animals in germany alone around 230000 cattle would be spared slaughter each year worldwide it would be several 1000000. If we start throwing away food the world could be a better place its in our hands. If outlet is read why are they allowed only even if they. Do you have a science question send it in as a video text always fair if we answer it on the show hell get a little surprise as a thank you i. Can on just ask. To find us by going to our website e. W. Dot com slash science. Or drop us a line on twitter and facebook. Now body has some amazing abilities to regenerate our skin cells do for example. And our hair keeps on growing no matter how often we cut it. The same dance of our fingernails of the year in 1000 area sent in a question about that. How do our nails grow the answer is continually so keeping them short is a lifelong task. Different people do the job in different ways. Nails make evolutionary sense even though they dont always look like they do they protect the ends of our fingers and toes from injury. And they serve as tools. All primates have nails. And use them to grab things or slit them open. Or pig or scratch. But back to the question of how the nails grow lets take a look at their structure. This is the nao plate it consists of a tough horn like substance called keratin and separates from the nail bed at the fingertips that end of the male is called the distal edge. At the other end of the nail plate is the crescent shaped moon euro and the new all falls with a nail emerges from under the skin. And the nail fold are part of whats known as the nail me tricks the matrix continually produces new cells that become the new york plate and pushes the rest of the nail toward the just a ledge. This way the nail keeps growing at a rate of around 3 millimeters per month but thats just an average weight studies have shown that the nails of the thumb and the pinky tend to grow less rapidly than the neal of the middle finger. And as we age or if we have Certain Health conditions male growth overall tends to slow down. Our world is becoming ever more digitalized and automated Driverless Cars are a good example. We asked you on facebook what tasks will ai take over in the future more human still be indispensable for some jobs. Per se says human manual labor will be needed less and less due to automation because Everyone Wants to reduce costs and increase the efficiency of production. Servers says he thinks only priests are indispensable. Brown by contrast doesnt think humans are dispensable since robots can create themselves. Via reminds us that we once thought wed have flying cars by the year 2000 but were still waiting for them at the same goes for robots and so those candidates. Its true that robots and artificial in. Telegin are still far from perfect. And often the capabilities of robots are limited to a particular task but they are Getting Better and better at those tasks especially when compared to humans. Now lets take a look at how Artificial Intelligence schools when it comes to gaming. On the 11th of may 997. 00 Gary Kasparov played a chess match against i. B. M. Supercomputer deep believe the world chess champion said he was defending the owner of the human race against the rise of Artificial Intelligence. And then he lost for the 1st time a computer had beaten a human grandmaster under tournament conditions it washington new era. Come the owner of humanity which has power off gambled on be saved in most areas a computer is superior to humans and well. Stefan high to create god does research on ai systems munichs Technical University games help him understand and develop some basic mechanisms. He can tell us why deep blue was able to defeat caspar off more than 20 years ago even though ai was only in its early stages than. It already has on top but when i look at the chessboard i can see everything thats important for this game i can see all the figures i know exactly where they are. Theoretically the computer can predict all possible moves in the future to see which ones win and which ones dont this works to a certain extent as long as not too many moves into the future and this direct calculation can be done much better by computers than by humans and a computer but. Today Artificial Intelligence is superior games that work im predicting and evaluating as many moves as possible based on Information Available to all players so called perfect information in march 26th in the Computer Program alpha be one of the worlds best players lisa doll from south korea so much for humanitys owner in those kinds of games. But what about games like poker that require empathy and psychology as well as mathematical ability. For a long time it was considered impossible for ai to beat humans at poker because it differs from games like chess in several respects. And as i put it on the one hand some cards are hidden which means each player only sees their own cards and not whats in the other players and that means there are significantly more options when it comes to the state of play also there are more than 2 players in a 2 player setting whats good for me is bad for you but thats not the case with multiple players were 2 players can team up and put a 3rd under pressure under 3rd and most important thing is the psychological component its long been considered impossible for a computer to recognize when a player is bluffing or not. Then in 2019 scientists achieved the unthinkable. In a long time test the program employee overcame 5 human opponents in poker. But has a i really managed to imitate and interpret Human Behavior. The topic also turns out that Artificial Intelligence doesnt need to recognize whether a human player is bluffing its enough to simply play such a perfect defensive strategy that you cant be attacked yourself and that suffices to be better even than human professional players eventually think of it. In fact in this case a i didnt imitate Human Behavior but rather did was a computer does best optimally calculating its own chances we humans are still the world champions at poker. Everything i dont want. But it seems its only a matter of time before algorithms learn patterns of Human Behavior. Are there no gains for alter fishel intelligence is doomed to fail. An International Team of researchers believe they found such a game its called magic the gathering. And this trading card game to play is jewel with a selection of cards theyve put together in advance. The basic mechanism is simple both players ultimately have to talk each other with creatures all spells until one runs out of lives or until they run out of cards. The special feature cards can change the properties of other cards and also reprogram the rules of the game. There are now over 20000 different magic cards that can influence and change each other. As more difficult business has recently been proven that this game is turing complete that means teaching the. Computer to play this game optimally would be tantamount to teaching a computer to Program Computers in general. Computer. Researchers were able to show that even in a magic jewel with selected cards and forced me a computer cannot always calculate the windows programming a solution in advance for all possible combinations of the 20000 different cards is practically impossible. In order to win against a human ai needs to adapt to new situations that it has not previously been taught and needs to be creative. Artificial intelligence is still a long way away from the us. Thanks to magic the owner of the human race remains intact for a while longer at least. Thats it for today join us again next week for more science stories from around the world. Well be finding out how research can contribute as a Global Society see them up i. Did. View as clear as mud dont want to get close to nature i want to dive right in not just one the constantly still dont have it into my flat. Exploring. Planet failing. But yes picking by account when the last thing may cost specializing in enjoying a sound check is. Coming up on till you. Meet the artist sebastian god bring you for theo so more the become a footballer for buying me my life inside the waves of it is stored in my pictures a little bit too small to look like this because of my love of arcs 21. 30 minutes on d w. Hey listen up. Thats one video game music sounded like 30 years ago. Todays tracks take the experience to another level a sense to him talk composer nobuo uematsu. Featured him many well known during his music is bound to give you stops sounds good. Video game music. On d. W. Ruins. Are always a. Symbol of a long conflict in the philippines. Between the muslims. And the christian population. I dont or it will never again will hold. The reconquest turned into tragedy. Miserably reasonable fear is not the kind of freedom that we want. How did you become a greek way to islamist terror. You see so you got a more sinister or sole. And exclusive report from a destroyed city. Philippines in the sights of i. A. S. Starts may 20th on d. W. This is news and these are our top stories in germany the Coronavirus Infection rate has risen over the critical value of one i means that every 10 patients are infecting 11 other people on average the jump comes after reports of new infection clusters. British Prime MinisterBoris Johnson has outlined a cautious relaxation of his countrys coronavirus lock down schools and shops will begin reopening from june britain has europes highest coronavirus death toll in