Transcripts For DW ZDFBauhaus 20240711

Welcome to tomorrow today the science show on g. W. The microbes are believed to colonize the human body millions of years ago its been enlarged become only a symbiosis. The tiny creatures have they have a task and we profit from their activity they keep us healthy. And there are a huge number of. Its said that our human cells put together would take up the space of half a leg the rest is microorganisms that make up our social micro biome. As a baby is born it encounters a whole lot of bacteria probably for the very firm. This time in the birth canal it comes in contact with virginal and got bacteria from its mother which then colonize the baby. They form a kind of protective shield and lay the groundwork for the development of the babys own immune system. To very come when were born our immune system is not yet fully formed. Astern learn over time to recognize disease cancer pathogens its atoms viruses and bacteria and fight them on where we got aykroyd biota plays an important part in this maturation process so that we can eventually recognize after johnson and attack them on a. Biomedical research or stephanie going out on our blog byrne University Hospital studies the impact of a mothers microbiota on the immune system of her child. In one investigation she demonstrated that what a mother eats during pregnancy impacts the fetus that is her child before its born. d signals from the mothers micro biota reach the fetus bio the placenta. Can influence the development of its immune system. d and with the divorce then there is but one should choose one speed wisely definitely not servicemens a balanced diet and plenty of writing i think twice before eating a piece of chocolate or candy perhaps you can do without it so you normally stop and think about what you want when you eat and how much you eat invasion make an f. A young childs diet also has a big influence on its immune system the researcher is now investigating the development of childrens micro biota during the 1st few years of their lives she visits her test subjects to take samples. It will always fin we want to find out how the bait lets micro biome develops right after birth and over the course of the next 2 years were especially interested in the role of breast milk and. Whether it has any long term improvements on the Childs Health and its susceptibility to certain diseases unfairness that this can this. The mother provides a sample of her milk. Marburg swabs the babys arm to collect bacteria living on the skin. And takes a sample of feces from a diaper so she can identify the gut micro biota. From the planning. The end their own from kin and asked if childs diet in the 1st few years is crucial that we know that what we eat influences our intestinal flora we now know that we got flora develops over the 1st 2 or 3 years of life i was we also now know that during that period we could shape and change not micro biome. That can affect the long term composition of the micro biome and the health of the child because later in a childs life we no longer have the capacity to influence or not place. The scientist says breast milk is the best option to feed a baby for the 1st few months but mothers who dont breastfeed their babies should also benefit from her research left us to go home once i know that selfesteem they hear back to we need to determine which bacteria are beneficial in early life and then develop ways to administer them to babies that are breast fed as probiotics coffee or to cut garbage on the undersides condiment one can also imagine improving a formula for bottle feeding. This Research Still has a long way to go but its already clear that the tiny bacteria in and on our bodies play an outsized role in our health from the very start. And thats a challenge to reset because every human being has their own personal collection of microbes your micro biome is unique to you just like your fingerprint. We are not alone each one of us is home to a vast population of other beings microbes in an imaginable numbers we host more microbes than we have cells 39 trillion at last count. Mainly bacteria but also fungal viruses and archaea representing thousands of different species together they sustain a complex ecosystem its like a jungle in there and each persons jungle is custom made the trick is the mix it has to be just right. Within a family members personal jungles look quite similar because microbes are always zipping back and forth. The variety of species is greatest in the gastro intestinal tract if everything is ok we get along with our god to micro biota extremely well we need them and they need us. Some help with digestion others produce vitamins for our benefit. They conspire to neutralize pathogens and keep us healthy. But thats not all they also influence our brain and our mood they are absolutely indispensable we wouldnt be what we are without them in an average sized adult they went to whole kilograms. One of the studies on participating in injures micro biome research. Scott kelly is an astronaut who has an identical twin brother studies that carried out on him and his brother to see how the micro biome responds. To differing outside influences and what could be more different than living in space so scott flew to the International Space station well his twin brother stayed on earth the subsequent comparison of the 2 micro biome showed the ratio some microbes had shifted slightly but the diversity remained the same but the micro biome is not the only interesting fact here and we get it from ghana wanted to know why some pregnancies result in twins. Twins are 2 children of the same mother and father who were born in short succession at the end of the same pregnancy. There are 2 kinds of twins categorized by how they are conceived monozygotic. Daughter. Got it means that one egg is fertilized by one sperm but divides into 2 embryos early on. While developing in the uterus they share the same placenta. The resulting twins are genetically almost identical bever same sex and look very very similar. Their fingerprints are bit different however. I can have different moles or birth marks on their skin. Twins are the result of 2 separate acts maturing at the same time and being fertilized by 2 separate sperm each embryo here has its own placenta. These twins are genetically different and dont have to be the same sex theyre just regular siblings who happened to be born about the same time at the end of one pregnancy. One in 40 births nields twins about a 3rd of the twins amano psychotic and 2 thirds of times i got it fertility treatments make multiple thats more common with assisted Reproductive Technology multiple births often result from the transfer of more than one embryo. Some cultures used to think twins were frightening or a natural nazi doctors abused twins for cruel experiments. Nowadays prejudices are less widespread if anything twins are considered fascinating. Stop playing with each other in the womb and often been in close throughout their lives theres nothing unnatural about 20 even if they are pretty special. Incidentally the number of stars that scott kelly could see from the eye assess was smaller than the number of microorganisms in his body. Other digestive tracts contain more microbes then there are stars in the milky way. Having spent one year in space his micro biome may have changed slightly because of the diet of freeze dried food consumed astronauts what we eat directly affects the composition of microorganisms in our intestine. Without body draws from the food is determined by millions of nerve cells in the intestine this socalled brain in the guts can even effect our mood and thinking if the walls of our intestines were smooth on the inside they would have a surface area of just one square meter but millions of finger like projections called vinaya increase the surface area for absorbing nutrients intestinal flora play a vital role in our digestion then made up of billions of bacteria and fungus that can weigh up to 2 kilograms all together they train our Defense Systems over 70 percent of the bodys immune cells are located in the gut so we need them any deficiency can lead to chronic intestinal disease. If worst comes to worst a stool transplant may be the only remedy its a procedure that gastroenterologist steffen very corrupt performs very rarely its not very appetising and it can be risky for the patient. But its definitely not one of my favorite procedures it stinks and its unpleasant as youll see its something i do with only very few patients. And. A fecal microbiology transplant as its also called is usually done only when other Therapeutic Options have failed the procedure itself is straightforward dr vereker takes feces from a healthy donor say one solution and purees the mixture with a hand blender. Ready ready. Now its ready to be administered. d we 1st have to screen our donors very carefully to find out whether they have hepatitis b. C. A or other relevant diseases they need to be ruled out before we can accept any stew and use it for transplantation. The diluted stool preparation contains a wide range of gut bacteria from a healthy individual they are the key to restoring the patients intestinal flora. Ready ready ready valve recurred delivers the fecal matter via colonoscopy. That part of the procedure is simple and in most cases the patient will be restored to health within days. Micro biota transplants are very high success rate with a positive effect in up to 96 percent of patients. And were talking about people who are suffering from a severe inflammation of the colon and have been through countless treatments with antibiotics. Only for to return later. And then suddenly theyre healed its very impressive. Stood transfixed ants are only recommended as a treatment for collide associated with a clostridium difficile e infection although there is some evidence that it can help with other inflammatory conditions. Also i see that. There is a risk of transferring diseases so id be very reluctant to transplant feces for a new york problem it does make sense with this specific disease pseudo membrane as colossus under has a high success rate but for other conditions i would not use it indiscriminately. Gut bacteria are shaking up medical science their role in health and disease is the subject of intense research. And pharma by a start up in Zurich Switzerland Thomas Developers and his team are developing an alternative to fecal transplants they use mixtures of intestinal bacteria to produce targeted therapies for a number of different diseases. Effect we want to package the kind of effect seen and fecal transplants into medication to scale it up so it can be manufactured to ensure its safe the aim is to give each patient the mixture that will help them the most. Ready specific kinds of bacteria are extracted from human feces ready. This has to be done in an Anaerobic Chamber because most gut bacteria can survive when exposed to oxygen. These microbes can then be cultivated and eventually put together in various combinations to recreate healthy gut flora. But 1st the various species require a lot of cat if they are to flourish. The biggest headache is that the different bacteria need very different nutrients weve therefore developed a huge range of different growth media in order to cover the disparate needs of the bacteria and then be able to cultivate them individually. Its cool to hear. The team studies the bio chemical roles played by different strains of bacteria in the in testing ready ready. They have developed a mixture of nearly a dozen strains that carry out the basic processes of the intestinal ecosystem a kind of minimal intestinal flora. They are also working on targeting specific diseases. From the 1st we want to look at chronic inflammatory bowel disease is because theyve had the most research where weve seen the most progress but were also interested in secondary indications related to cancer. In recent years weve seen that the got micro biome has a really big influence on the success of cancer of therapies. It sounds very promising packing cultured intestinal flora into pills for patients to pop. Even when we have a cut our micro biome plays a role in healing you just watch how well our body fixes itself with the help of microbes in the skin within hours the bleeding stops thanks to play tests and the protein fiber and that seals the wind through closing. Then macrophages eliminate dead cells and germs. Cells begin to form inside the womb. Then finally in cells at the edge of the galaxy form new skin or a skull. And. Healthy micro biome promotes wound healing and a healthy micro biome develops under the influence to. Itself and said you are what you eat so a very diet is good for intestinal bacteria because they are themselves diverse in nature and require various nutrients. We should keep that in mind when we choose the food we eat many food trends and diets supposedly designed to keep us bitten slim have turned out not to be so great after all that for example was long thought to be unhealthy but is that true. To butter cheese and cream fatty foods are said to make you sick and overweight to many people to turn to socalled diet for while shes. But are such fears well founded. That you back in 1948 researchers in the us set out to tackle the leading cause of death in the country heart attacks they recruited on an issue of 5000. 00 adults objects from the town of framingham for. What would be the longest running multigenerational study in medical history 9 years later the researchers published their 1st results the primary causes of heart attacks were high Blood Pressure smoking and excess weight im one major factor behind that weight gain was immediately apparent to the researchers americans eat on healthy food and too much of us. The subsequent war on fast was declared in other countries to west germany was also seeing a growing number of people dying from heart attacks the perils of fast foods was a story quickly picked up by the media on the food industry. In the u. S. The low fat issue became an affair of stays in 1980 a senator George Mcgovern launched a program of National Diet reform for the 1st time ever the authorities issued guidelines for healthier food habits what to eat and what not to. Not long afterwards the aerobics craze was unleashed on the world as people went to new extremes to fight the flop. I hope this will help me to get my fat cells under control. But despite all the low fat foods and high intensity workouts the average wage of people in west germany and the United States just kept on rising during the 1970 s. Meanwhile the notion that fat makes you fat he came to consensus view with the American Heart Association awarding a label of approval to low fat products. But dr Robert Atkins beg to differ he promoted the fatty diet as opposed to one filled with low fat products which were often high in sugar. And it has steak and eggs and lobster and its so easy to stay on. As the new millennium dawned the benefit of low fat foods came under growing scrutiny. We have a weight problem i thought id try out diet products but they didnt help at school. In 2001 britains highly respected cochrane institution took a new look at previous studies on low fat diets that Research Revealed only a minimal benefit in terms of life expectancy. 5 years later the defenders of proof arrived. At the study involving almost 50000. 00 women showed no noteworthy reduction in heart attacks and strokes among the 50 percent eating low fat foods. So after decades of Marketing Campaigns fashion in general was no longer public enemy number one. The war shifted to one of bad fats versus good spots such as those in vegetable oil. New guidelines in the u. S. Not only warm consumers about saturated fats and cholesterol. But further studies have since shown that the cholesterol we get from food has a negligible effect on our blood cholesterol unlike the one our bodies produce. So for decades weve been told to maintain a low fat diet only to be subsequently told that in fact the research had never found any proof of the benefits. But supermarket shelves are still full of socalled diet products and with even the manufacturers running out of scientific arguments theyve resorted to a more lighthearted approach even if still like some substance. Says who feeds enjoy a reputation as spring is of help og an oil hemp and linseed oil are targeted as super feeds cranberries hazelnuts and pure very similar to the. Broccoli contains busy means and minerals and substances that could help control blood sugar levels or even protect against cancer green tea is also said to be very beneficial to help but is that really the case. Green tea has a medicine or fact thats true thats because of the active ingredient at the gallo caddick and galley t. J. C. G. Its a type of cataca a natural oxidant that protects organs from damage. In traditional chinese medicine green tea is considered effective in preventing a range of diseases. And the effects of green tea have been scientifically proven. Thats true to over the last 10 years basic research into has delivered highly promising results. There are hundreds of International Studies on green and the research continues. But researchers dont always get the funding they need big pharma tends to expect profits when they invest in studies. And if. So can green tea help prevent Alzheimers Parkinsons cancer multiple sclerosis and other serious diseases. Yes and no there is currently no medicinal product based on green tea that counters those conditions d it takes years to translate the results of research into safe medication and a process that also includes clinical tests with actual patients. The biggest challenge is administering e. G. C. G. And sufficiently high doses while ensuring that it reaches those parts of the body where its needed in the brain for example. Drinking room to you can make sick people healthy. Is that really the case well only if you believe reports by an individual patients on an improvement in their symptoms. Some bring substantial amounts of green tea. Over a long period of time while others took the active ingredient in pill form. But. These are facts are not scientifically proven. So the more green tea you drink the better. Thats right much as. You can drink too much up to one and a half leaders a day is considered fine but it needs to be of the caffeine free variety otherwise you might find it hard to fall asleep. If your old one is read write are great but a movie review. If you have a science question thats bothering you send it in as a video text ovoid. If we answer it on the show youll get a little surprise as a thank you. Come on just ask. For more science stories check out our website ditto for you dot com slash science or look for us on twitter. Thats all for this edition of tomorrow today thanks for joining us. Will be back next week and so when a healthy i dont stay curious. Im not nothing compared to the dead well i guess sometimes i am but i stand up and whipped up a piece of german thinks deep into the german culture of looking at stereotypes a question that is think the future of the country that i no longer blame. Needed to be taken as grandma down to me its all about ok bob no im a joke join me for me for devon from d. W. Post. The fight against the coronavirus pandemic. Has the rate of infection been developing. Measures are being taken. What does the latest research say. Information and context. The coronavirus of the coded special monday to friday on w. And gemini with w at any time crunch on a me place using names in the m. L. S. Yet i dont like the question so missing along to see just a combo from super win seats. For. Interactive exercises and. Everything is online and interactive benjamin to frame the d. W. Green some. Of the issues above his respect. Is. Peavy presumably. Would. Love. To. Come up with. The above. Love and respect. This is you know we knew his life from brawl and the last throw of the dice is crunch time for breaks it talks again in a race against the clock british and european negotiators meet again today to try and seal the deal but talks are at an impasse and with the briggss deadline just days away the threat of a no deal divorce is mounting also coming up germanys log down whites is simply not enough current coronavirus measures will go to some of the winter chance on america says shes now pushing to bring in tougher restrictions before the christmas break plus of venezuelas president hugo boss model claims a sweeping election victory after less than a 3rd of the country turned out to vote as the countrys economic crisis deepens. What does not do is when we meet for venezuelans simply struggling to survive. On land hi thank you so much for your Company Everyone british and european negotiators are once again locked in talks with time fast running out to secure a post briggs a trade deal European Commission president or his love underline is due to speak to Britains Boris Johnson any moment now to evaluate how the talks are going well meanwhile that use chief negotiator. Is downbeat about the chances of a breakthrough saying key sticking points still remain on the spine growing fears of economic chaos if britain leaves without a deal london has once again said it will not extend the negotiations. And weve got Team Coverage for you do to your correspondent is standing by in brussels and monitoring of developments in london charlot charles some pill are at the ladies a welcome of want to start a conversation in brussels if i may with you were are we right now barbara. Were waiting for the verdict or so from the line and Boris Johnson after this telephone call last Night Saturday evening they called they talked to each other and they said grave differences remain but lets continue talking will they say the same after this call we are sitting here and waiting because gloomy was the outlook of Michel Barnier the e. U. Lead negotiator this morning and were now hoping for a glimmer of hope wolf was somewhat better whether in these ongoing breaks that negotiations which have been dragging for weeks and the question now is here in brussels how much sense does it make for the negotiators to turn around the same an ever a same question about sovereignty versus fair competition for says the e. U. Trying to control what britain will do in the future with its regulations chasing their own tails and in the end the question is will somebody have to give up was somebody somehow blink 1st and say this doesnt make sense anymore brussels doesnt want to be that Party Everybody is waiting for bar france and maybe to throw in the towel charlotte ive lost count of the times that ive asked this question is this finally the end game. Well exactly weve seen so many deadlines in these trade and security negotiations come and go but the fact is there is one final deadline that isnt going to be finished apparently that the 31st of december just a few weeks away and that is when the u. K. Leaves its a transition period so the cloak really is ticking down now for a deal to be reached if indeed there is a deal that can be reached now Michel Barnier the chief negotiator for the e. U. Has said today that talks could continue into wednesday but no further replying to that the u. K. s side said the u. K. Side has said that they will keep talking while they still think a deal could be reached but of course people here in the u. K. Of have heard these sort of promises so many times that it is becoming a is something to drag on a little bit for people here lets take a listen to 2 or some people on the streets have been saying im not worried about it but we need to get something so detailed. We need to make a deal. They dont have to give in to what we should but they want to feels like its been buried in the public to know about this and whats going on but is buried among low down pandemic virus and that hes come up to 75 percent i dont know how many people realize the great. Need to have so to your means this is what i would want to know your situation and i dont like the fact that the government does and i dont know what they promised i think is very unfair. People seem crazy i mean true self interest 16 we would see it in 4 years later but i think its very very progressive so to be honest with you personally i think you know deal is probably better prepared to deal with this was the reason why you said all along. This was going to happen but i think even though you know to be honest with you. Well of course even those only those in the room in the going to negotiate you or any really going to know exactly whats happening but some are putting the chances of a deal down to 5050. 00 now of course we are expecting is barbara said to hear a little bit more when we hear about that phone call taking place as of now between Prime Minister Boris Johnson and the fondling from the e. U. Barbara i want to give you the last word if they fail to shake hands on a deal before the deadline what happens then. How do you like the idea of armageddon thats some of what some at least sort of say will happen if there is no deal because what really happens then is that 40 years of cooperation between the United Kingdom and the European Union and overnight on the night of the 31st December December and so a lot of emergency deals and regulations will have to be brought into place European Countries say now at the summit that is this thursday at the very latest point we will just have to set those contingency plans in march we just have to sort of get ready for things to go wrong and that means deals for deals for transport just the little agreements that make it possible that we at least get into january and sort of the trucks keep rolling planes keep flying and Data Transfer for instance another big topic all these things that need to keep moving in order for the economies not to really crush up against the wall the reporting from brussels and charlotte shell some pill reporting from a london thank you both for your continued coverage coverage rather all right now were going to turn our attention back to where germany where officials here say chancellor merkel has told Party Colleagues that existing along down measures will not be sufficient to get the country through the winter a partial lockdown has been in place now for more than a month it has slowed to not stop the rise in case numbers and hospitals in some areas are work at their limit the german state of the very has already opted to tighten restrictions and starting wednesday bavarians will be asked to stay at home with only a few exceptions. Arts lets turn now to do a Political Correspondent assignment young now who can tell us more about these remarkable remarks by the chancellor why she weighing in now with simon. Well i think its because concern is growing lay low the the infection numbers have remain stubbornly high despite this lockdown that weve had limited lockdown over the last 5 weeks the infections have have begun to drop a bit but not nearly far enough and some hospitals are saying theyre getting close to exhausting capacity with some reporting that theyve got 40 percent more intensive care beds in use for example than they had back in the spring when there was the last significant infection spikes so very worried shes saying you know we wont get through this merely by a hoping and she also says that the rules already agreed between the various german states to impose tougher regimes where infections went up theyre not being implemented she said you know cases so shes concerned thats why shes speaking out. Now German Authorities as youve reported earlier are planning on a relaxing some of the restrictions over the Holiday Season but you know judging by what you just reported it seems the writing is on the walk and they continue on that path well thats definitely the hope of the German Government they want to have christmas in some form they want to allow. Family gatherings even in a reduced form but theres real concern from the experts that those increased contacts will lead to increased infections and at the moment this debate is being sort of carried on in the form of the question should there be a meeting of top level politicians another one in the next few days to impose some kind of regime perhaps in the in tightening what happens before and immediately after christmas because as i say theres real worry across the board that the infections just arent coming down quickly enough Political Correspondent simon young reporting thank you notes. Lets take a look now at some of the other stories making news around the world. Were made it is a social democrats have emerged as the Largest Party in parliament in a surprise results from sundays elections but they dont have a clear majority the party of Prime Minister ludovico or bonn came 2nd but is thought to have a better chance of forming a Coalition Government a president must now decide how to proceed. Another metallic monolith has surfaced this time on a beach on the isle of wight on in south coast a nature lover said she spotted while on a walk its the 4th such monolith to gain global attention in recent weeks with others spotted in the u. S. And romania venezuela socialist president Nicolas Maduro has hailed a gigantic election win that to hands him control of the National Assembly and cements his position and power by those that socialists won almost 70 percent of the votes but turnout was just 31 percent after opposition parties called for boycott nato Ally International observers have condemned the vote the European Union set the election was not free or fair and venezuelas selfproclaimed acting president. While ago where has called the vote a fraud. So soon for those who are spirit of the people are the ones who commit fraud with madieu ruin his regime have lost the popular vote the majority of us want change in venezuela dont be surprised if they try to advance their assault in the coming days of december because this election has done them no good real they know when they want to turn now or to ask her. Who can tell us more about these latest developments oskar what will happen now. Well. We can expect now through mommy wars another monsoon there are only official told to reject these elections people can vote digitally from today up to the 12th of the summer when people can physically because the poll there will be a demonstration as well in terms of the government theres not no big surprise in these Election Results this is what we were expecting and for the this year they had walked to the throne interiors from entering her only this is just. Serves as an argument to legitimize their. Parliament in january and talk to us about the opposition now how united is the opposition oh you know this is many factions because they are different political ideologies that is opposing right and there are going to put them all in one walk there are socialist parties communist parties and right parties there are also movements and all of it will n. G. O. S that are opposing the grossman so the only thing they all have in common is that they want the war out and one has their own perspective on how to do it so its not easy to groom and keep them together right now turnout was very low 31 percent what does this mean for my door and his allies. Well motherhood has allies are saying that was actually a good turnout their absolute compare that to the turnout in the vote in romania that was similar but that percentage is way higher than that what many people. Think it was because we saw that these polls were just very not many people were going to vote the opposition has that there its close to 80 percent or abstinence thats came from voting so theyre going to use that in order to play in the. National assembly and its going to be an argument for their allies to say its legitimate and then they can enact laws starting next year now theres a growing humanitarian crisis and a fantasy that what does not do or when mean for people just struggling to survive well i was im sure there are some and intend to resolve the humanitarian crisis but there is also intensive politically capitalize any hope that is sentiments whether theres evidence that government is constantly on the ground or falling and we see it with the support that they receive get after it in the region it is not too fond of International Organizations or n. G. O. S lets remember there are u. N. Reports accusations and a pending investigation on Human Rights Violations torture and arbitrary earth as an vision that man who is responsible for theres also rep and corruption that makes it difficult for aid to reach the people that really need it. Reporting from kind of guy 7 isnt i thank you very much. Youre watching t. V. News up next rob watts will be here with your business a headline some will iraq and really from all of us here thank you so much for spending part of your day with us will be back with the headlines at the top of the im. Going to. Sleep. Fully. Dont know. If you need to do get. Discover who. Subscribe to the documentary. From equipment shortages to security concerns for most of all obstacles done in the way of south africa on the successful distribution of a corona virus vaccine to look at whether enough is being done to change that also on the program. We work resuming on the controversial north stream to pipeline between russia and germany the u. S. Is repeating its coal for the project to be stopped. Says that by the end of this year it will have slashed 29000. 00 jobs thats a 5th of its workforce but could a christmas rush be just the airline needs. To be a business on robots in berlin welcome to the program. South africa accounts for more than a 3rd of the confirmed corona virus cases in all of africa it needs a vaccine more than any other country on the continent but there are still concerns that it is ill prepared to distribute one and or a of challenges could stand in the way of getting jobs to those who need them. Temperatures as low as theyre so hard to ensure on the african continent as scientists rush to deliver lifesaving covert 19 vaccines around the globe there are concerns that the stringent delivery and storage requirements for some of them could prove a hurdle for developing nations in africa and beyond. Its axioms to distorted existing you know temperatures minus 70 degrees celsius and in the developing countries such as south africa it proves to be a challenge. This challenge is affecting south africas medical Logistics Sector it is scrambling to prepare for its role in what could become the largest distribution of medical supplies in global history. Delivering 2 doses of the vaccine to every single south african. Delivering under 3000000. 00 doses of vaccines under the 2 conditions that need to be delivered in and maintaining the temperatures is going to be a huge challenge for transport Companies Like ourselves as well as for the facilities what deceiving these vaccines will distort under those conditions i think is going to take a bit of planning and we need to really be a head of the game. And then theres the issue of safety Truck Drivers in south africa increasingly face dangers like sabotage and hijackings. Truckers say they fear that this situation could intensify with criminals set on getting their hands on the vaccine since. Things have not been right since they started burning trucks. And well soon have a new problem when we start distributing this vaccine. Nobody will even know were for carrying vaccines or not and so they could attack all of us. Were all scared. But scientists remain adamant that south africas state sponsored Drugs Program which provides antiretrovirals to its 7700000 h. I. V. Positive citizens has prepared them well. South africa has decades of experience delivering lifesaving he told the need cation to be part of. So with the challenges we face in with this vaccine we will make it was. Which vaccine south africa will use or how long distribution will take remains unclear Officials Say theyre aiming for around 40 percent of the nation to be vaccinated in the short to medium term. Lets cross to our correspondent in cape town helder i said johnny has alice just bring us up to date on the current of our situation in south africa at the moment because theres a disturbing trend starting to form as. Yeah exactly were actually seeing a surge in infections its about 4000. 00 positive People Per Day now that doesnt compare gets to the height of the of the 1st wave then we saw 13000. 00 positive people each day we have not seen the 2nd wave in south africa yet so those are the worry is that that 2nd wave is coming mainly as well because here its not just the Festive Season but also the Summer Holiday is starting here with lot of people traveling back to their hometowns to rule areas of south africa so theres a real worry here that we will see the trends going further up. Yeah capacity flattened by the presence of a vaccine went to south africa are expecting to receive one to distribute them and who from. Here does not really clear and get south africa so far as meaning no off has bought into kovacs which is a very Important Initiative for low income come countries in middle Income Countries colfaxs trying to actually competes with rich countries buying up the vaccines right when this all started there were started talking about vaccines during their grown up and then make everybody said ok this needs to be equally distributed around the world but what were seeing now of course is that everybody is looking at their own countries and how to protect themselves so colfax is an initiative but a World Health Organization and golfing to Vaccines Alliance among others and they are actually pooling resources so countries can buy in to colfax and then they will negotiate and of course have more purchasing power and depth thats war south africa has signed up to so far and viable school facts program day hope next year to get the 1st vaccines and when those vaccines come how much confidence is the south africas going to be able to get its to everyone who needs to. Well at 1st im sure were going to see that here also they have to prioritize to help workers and the elderly i dont think us much optimism that we will see a big part of the population vaccinated yet maybe not even by the end of next year and in that sense i see that here in south africa people are a little bit afraid that south africa might end up at the end of the line although some of the the experts here are saying look maybe theres a reason why south africa is still waiting out a bit as well would buying more fixings because of course they can also just go to pharmaceutical companies and try to buy directly from them and one of the reasons might be is that theyre just waiting for effects scene that might be easier to to distribute in south africa for example theres now another trial in south africa of the johnson and johnson facts seen that one potentially only needs one dose and cant just go into the fridge so maybe signficance just kind of seeing what would be the best option for them at least in cape town thanks for bringing us up to date now huge russian ships maneuver themselves into position over the weekend to restart work on the nord stream to pipeline the controversial project would eventually carry gas from russia to germany but work has halted or was halted almost a year ago because of u. S. Sanctions there is a pipe playing as once again let the americans call for the gas line to be scrapped. Work is getting underway again on the north stream to pipeline German Authorities have given the go ahead for the russian ship i can demick ski to lay another 2. 6 kilometers of pipe by the end of the year. But that is nowhere near enough to complete the project a total of 160 kilometers of pipe still has to be led. Only then with the underwater pipeline be ready allowing russian state owned Company Gazprom to deliver siberian gas directly to germany this pipeline is the 2nd of its kind the 1st north stream pipeline has delivered gas to germany since 2012. And some further provisions the u. S. Has been watching developments with alarm late last week u. S. Lawmakers added measures against the new baltic sea pipeline to the annual defense policy bill these provide for tighten sanctions against companies that certify or ensure the pipeline or that support north stream to with products facilities or services because of these tougher sanctions even Russian Politicians from president putin its own party fear the 9500000000 euro nord stream to project will never be completed someone who shares the world but is it the worst that can happen to the north stream to project is that it wont be implemented. That means those who invested in it will lose their money its a lot of money but its not astronomical sums its no more than one percent of the golden currency reserves of the Russian Federation because a lot of risk if you get out. American Lawmakers Point to the fact that the text in the defense bill would grant the next u. S. President the right to spend the sanctions. But thats something few experts on either side of the atlantic expect president elect biden to do. Now some of the other business stories making the news customs data shows chinas exports surged more than 20 percent year on year last month as the fastest pace in nearly 3 years meanwhile imports only inched up leading to a trade surplus for november of more than 75000000000. 00 the largest ever recorded. Land those rubin written says hes stepping down after 11 years of co running your sleeting Online Fashion retailer he says the move is about giving more priority to his wifes career and devoting more time to his family the Billing Company employs 14000 people. And universal music groups publishing arm has bought bob dylans entire back catalogue of more than 600 songs declined to say how much the deal was worth but the Financial Times says it could be as much as 9 figures. Now says it expects to cut a 5th of its workforce by the end of this year the German Airline has already posted billions of euros in losses during 2020 and been forced to accept state aid its problems look unlikely to go away with the arrival of the new year. This place is normally a hive of activity but for months its been more or less empty the story at Munich Airport is one that plays out of their ports the world over the pandemic has hit the Aviation Industry hard left hands and has grounded most of its jets leaving employees from ground staff to pilots with time on their hands or worse without any job whatsoever by the end of the year 29000 jobs will be lost to germanys Largest Airline with 20000. 00 outside of germany leaving 109000. 00 jobs total next year another 10000. 00 are expect to be cut in germany hundreds of thousands of jobs in the industry are at stake as a result of the pandemic all major European Airlines are cutting staff despite the billions in government aid experts expect itll take years for the industry to recover from the Coronavirus Crisis yet there could be a ray of hope lufthansa says demand for flights over christmas and new years eve are on the rise to holiday destinations from the Canary Islands to south africa whether thats a short lived blip remains to be seen. And finally ikea is getting rid of its iconic catalog after 70 years in print at its peak the Swedish Company produced 200000000. 00 copies each year but the pandemic has accelerated the shift to Online Shopping ikea says that while many people still visit its stores to view furniture they are increasingly buying it online as a result the current august edition of the catalogue will be there. And thats all from me in the Business Team here in berlin from order check out our website did we dot com slash business for us on facebook and twitter for me its goodbye take out. In. My 1st vice like vultures sewing machine. Where i come from women are bones by this notion for even something as simple as learning how to write a by psychosis and. Since i was in the girl i wanted to have both eyes like the loss of my home and it took me years to come to my 1st. Finally gave up and mentioned buying your bicycle but returned because sewing machine sewing i suppose was more appropriate for goes than writing advice and no i want to reach all of those woman back home who are bones by the internet and social rules and inform them of old dead basic rights my name is the about of people and i work you to. Youre watching news coming up today a city under siege and under strain hong kong has endured more than 18 months of on rest thats taken a mental toll on many of its residents. Plus well see help artists in will high on the spawning ground of coping 19 are coming to terms with the citys darkest days. And its not exactly a drive then but a variation on the scene we go to indonesia and its cinema under the stars