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Page 48 - எங்களுக்கு தேசிய அறிவியல் அடித்தளம் News Today : Breaking News, Live Updates & Top Stories | Vimarsana

Global pollen samples reveal vegetation rate of change

 E-Mail IMAGE: Recently collected cores sit in the back of an old truck after they were drilled from an ancient lake bed in Afar, Ethiopia. view more  Credit: Sarah Ivory, Penn State Ancient pollen samples and a new statistical approach may shed light on the global rate of change of vegetation and eventually on how much climate change and humans have played a part in altering landscapes, according to an international team of researchers. We know that climate and people interact with natural ecosystems and change them, said Sarah Ivory, assistant professor of geosciences and associate in the Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Penn State. Typically, we go to some particular location and study this by teasing apart these influences. In particular, we know that the impact people have goes back much earlier than what is typically accepted as the case. However, we haven t been able to observe the patterns created by these processes globally or long-term.

Living as a social parasite leads to genetic impoverishment in ants

Münster (upm/jah) Three-dimensional surface reconstructions of the brains and head capsules of host species A. heyeri (top) and the socially parasitic species P. argentina. The ants olfactory lobes are marked in yellow. © Lukas Schrader Researchers compare genomes of ants and their hosts / Publication in Nature Communications Some species of ants make life easier for themselves: they live in the colonies of other ant species, exploiting their hosts’ resources. This form of social parasitism has evolved several times independently in ants. An international team of researchers headed by biologist Dr. Lukas Schrader at the University of Münster has now shown that these social parasites have lost some parts of their genomes. This so-called genome erosion impacted genes particularly important for non-parasitic ants, such as olfactory receptors functioning in chemical communication. These findings indicate that the evolution of social parasitism follows similar evolutiona

Gene flow between Eurasian and North American horses revealed by ancient DNA

Horsetalk.co.nz Gene flow between Eurasian and North American horses revealed by ancient DNA Share Ancient horses crossed over the Bering Land Bridge in both directions between North America and Asia multiple times during the Pleistocene. Image: Julius Csotonyi Analysis of ancient horse DNA reveals the gene flow between horse populations in North America, where they evolved, and Eurasia, where they were domesticated. The study of DNA from horse fossils shows that horse populations on the two continents remained connected through the Bering Land Bridge, moving back and forth and interbreeding multiple times over hundreds of thousands of years.

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