"Mechanical Behaviour of Lump-Grout Backfill Material for Underground S" by Hongchao Zhao, Ting Ren et al.
Large-size lump (e.g., coal reject or waste rocks) is one of the most popular backfill materials for underground mines attributed to its cost-effective and easy-to-obtain. The massive void between lumps, however, does generally affect the overall performance in eliminating the ground subsidence. This paper presents a conceptual backfill material, termed as lump-grout (LG) material, the attractive feature of which is that the voids between lumps are totally filled up with high-water content cemen...
Source: uow.edu.au