Oracle Problem News Today

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the role, functionalities, and complexities of blockchain oracles, focusing particularly on the implications for smart contracts in legal reasoning contexts. Oracles serve as a vital bridge to smart contracts' inability to interact with external or "off-chain"data, enabling them to be used in a variety of real-world situations. Oracle's integration, however, introduces a number of complexities, including security vulnerab...

To keep you informed of recent activities, below are several of the most significant federal and state events that have influenced the Consumer Finance Services industry over the past...

As the complexity of autonomous driving systems (ADSs) increases, the question of how to organize testing in an efficient manner has become a serious issue. This study investigates the potential for metamorphic testing (MT) to evaluate the perception-camera module of an open-source autonomous driving system (ADS), namely Baidu's Apollo ADS. The experiments revealed inconsistent obstacle identification results when increasing the brightness of a specific region of the driving scenarios, both...

Concerns have been growing over fake news and its impact. Software that can automatically detect fake news is becoming more popular. However, the accuracy and reliability of such fake-news detection software remains questionable, partly due to a lack of testing and verification. Testing this kind of software may face the oracle problem, which refers to difficulty (or inability) of identifying the correctness of the software's output in a reasonable amount of time. Metamorphic testing (MT) h...

In this paper, we consider the testing of software whose input involves a data stream, such as in video analysis applications. To address the oracle problem in testing this kind of software, existing metamorphic testing (MT) and metamorphic exploration (ME) techniques typically generate both source and follow-up input streams. In contrast, we propose a different strategy: an inplace method. Instead of examining relations among multiple input streams, our method works on a finer granularity by in...

Turning carbon offset credits into crypto tokens is the latest trend in attempted techno-fixes for climate change. One high-profile effort is backed by Adam Neumann, but experts are skeptical.

Computing systems are becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated. Technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and autonomous vehicles are pushing the boundaries of system size, complexity, and comprehensibility beyond anything seen before. These advances, however, have left the associated software quality assurance (SQA) tools and processes behind. This is compounded by many training and education programs also not attempting to address this inadequacy in the preparation of futu...

Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADASs) have become increasingly popular. To ensure safety, simulation testing is essential. In this research, we conducted a case study to investigate the fault-detection effectiveness of existing ADAS testing standards: We tested the Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS), which is a prebuilt ADAS module of MATLAB and Simulink. We first tested LKAS using the European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP), which contains 40 prebuilt driving scenarios in MATLAB. ...

Information is indispensable in modern society. People’s daily communication and work depend on information transmission. Unsafe storage or transmission of data may result in privacy and security problems. One way to attempt to prevent such issues is to use encryption algorithms to transform information into encrypted forms. Because the encryption steps of most encryption algorithms are complex, deciding the correctness of the encrypted output may take a long time in practice. This kind of pro...

This paper presents an automated, domain-independent, metamorphic testing platform called MTKeras. In this paper, we report on an investigation demonstrating the effectiveness and usability of MTKeras through five case studies in the four domains of image classification, sentiment analysis, search engines and database management systems. We also report on the effectiveness of combining metamorphic relation (input) patterns in individual metamorphic relations, enhancing the failure-finding abilit...