Kong. But certainly good news for the three student latest on the law alex child and joshua wall whove had their gel terms quashed in todays final court of appeal hearing the three have walked free five judges unanimous a grade to drop those jail sentences in stock reversal of an earlier ruling that the three were found guilty for Unlawful Assembly after they were involved their involvement or their role in what was described as a storming of a government full course in the Legislative Assembly back in two thousand and fourteen there initially Given Community sentences would serve a sentences as well as a suspended sentence but the government intervened calling for harsher penalty and the court of appeal then delivered on that saying all three should judge they were granted to appeal and today that final court of appeal delivered on their request now the judge did however not that future offend is involved in an Unlawful Assembly and were believed to be involved in inciting violence and here to stick to god lines as of now so that certainly has raised some concerns from prodemocracy groups who saw that their future ability to protest will now be more strictly scrutinized but overall one would have to say good news for those three student late is after todays final court of appeal decision. To be who have been killed in Syrian Government and russian as strikes in the east and near the capital damascus the u. N. Is calling for an immediate cessation of hostilities and has called the situation extreme syrias government is also deployed new anti aircraft missiles to the front lines in aleppo and rights battling rebel fighters areas see little fighting and bombing in recent weeks with hundreds of civilians killed in new weapons for the downing of a russian fighter jet by rebels on saturday. European markets have opened to heavy losses with london paris and germany all dropping more than three percent in early trade asian markets crumbled as investors took their lead from a huge selloff on wall street china correspondent agent brown has more details from beijing well the markets here in asia really took the lead from wall street the markets in cheyenne zen and shanghai were both down around about two percent in morning Trading Hong Kong did a lot worse though down by more than five percent the reason for that is that in hong kong a lot of International Companies trade on that index and a lot of those companies are exposed to the United States whereas companies here the traders on the markets in shanghai and then tend to be Domestic Companies that dont trade internationally we havent seen the falls that we saw of course in two thousand and fifteen when the markets here in china plunged by between five and seven percent on that occasion we did see panic we did see anger and we did see Government Intervention now Chinese People have very few places to invest their money its either property or shares and neither have been doing particularly well in recent months but overall Chinese People seem to feel their economy is doing ok thats what a columnist tell you in state controlled media and there is a sense that perhaps g. D. P. Is in fact a little bit higher than the government been hoping for and well get confirmation of what chinas g. D. P. Forecast will be in the year ahead when Chinas Parliament the National Peoples congress convenes in just a few weeks time a chinese leaders will be hoping that the market volatility were seeing right now will be over by then. The political crisis in the old days is deepening off the arrest of an Opposition Leader and two Supreme Court judges just states of emergency was declared for president mahmoud guy whose allies himself with the opposition was detained at home the charges against him including bribery and attempting to overthrow the government. Those are your headlines im back with more news here on aljazeera off the partition borders of blood. Ok stomach pain the front photo british as mr jinnah governor general of the new dominion arrives at the constituent assembly in. August one nine hundred forty seven. A century of british rule over its indian empire comes to an end goes to bono in the muslim capital while the older lady macbeth carrying out one of the loves viceregal built is all the partition of india. The new nation of pakistan the school. Meanwhile is that the stage was set for british role to give those for the good of anyone of india. A day later across the newly drawn border leaders celebrate the birth of the republic of india. Freed from colonial rule the creation of these two countries completes a long struggle for independence years ago we believe that were going in. And now that im calm and then been shown to be my big. Foot even before the celebrations are over chaos iraqs. Panic and fear sets in as neighborhood turns on neighbor unleashing mass violence. Millions flee their homes. The celebrations were or was marred by blood took place against the backdrop of perfect violence. People who a year before we tended to each others wedding parties drink each other raping each others daughters roasting each others babies on spit. With human passions are unleashed. None of us can can foresee what could happen. While historians recount the horrors of the past for those who lived through them its like yesterday. Were going to lord it or ive been lucky though when the yardbirds or problem with the monitor. Eighty six year old Joginder Singh called it was a young teenager in india at the time. Seventy years on he still remembers how muslims hindus and sikhs turned on each other. Or heard it when they were little. Girl who. They really do think. Just so with the word into out of the Muslim Brotherhood you know i. Like gays that of the middle to kill a thing or so i did but who would one of the would want to go to we want a dog running from tokyo. Nobody would do they walk all over. We. Were for drugs. Here could very well move forward. From where we were. Or who were here to live who would go in the. Room graham who were. On the other side of the border in pakistan the memories are just as strong in one nine hundred forty seven saladin colleagues family were muslims in india hes never forgotten how he escaped the killing but others didnt. Do it as staying in our. House on six september one thousand nine hundred eighty seven six oclock when my mother was saying i was bit i heard a shriek cowing somebody. I turned and i saw a stick with the sword in the hand coming in my sisters body and. Was the enter the. Room of my mother could have and they ran toward us this is the house. Saladin fled his home in fear of his life when he returned the horror lay in front of him when i enter the house it was just like you know the. House nothing sort of rolls. Then you see your own mother. Drenched in blood. And stomach open. Then started coming up how would you. How did it all come to this. Many point the finger at indias then colonial masters. When britain ruled india it was the jewel in the empires crown plundered for its natural resources. But in the devastating aftermath of World War Two britain had its own problems on the homefront. The list was returned to london with renewed fighting and a recent opinion in the country and bankrupted itself fighting itself to death with the nazis. And so british Authorities Say that it was the exhaustion of them power and the bankruptcy of the mother country that led to the realization that the simply no way that the british could keep this enormous empire in the moment to come to head back home to a land of rationing drizzle low light and leave the exotic plagues of india behind. After decades of crushing any Movement TowardsIndian Independence postwar britain had not had the wheel or the might to fold on to its calm. There was massive demonstrations across india and there was. An awareness that the leaders the film struggle could call strikes and protests which would paralyze the country. Seizing the moment of british weakness three leaders spearheaded the push for independence. You are allowed nehru Mohammad Ali Jinnah and one hundred k. Gandhi. At first they shared the goal of a free and united india one country one people regardless of religion. Thousands of National Proud the great turn to hear the message of gandhi. Leader of the demands for indias independence. Was marked by gandhi who mobilized the masses who gave them the language of things like civil disobedience and nonviolence who spoke of the national the struggle is a struggle for truth he gave it a strong modesty fervor and he completely inspired the masses to rise up behind him or gandhi himself a lifelong preacher of nonviolence and gandhi when tom fairly quickly to establish himself as the spiritual leader of the Indian National congress led freedom struggle. The Indian National congress was a Political Party made up of the elite of hindu and muslim society. It had been pushing for self rule since the turn of the twentieth century. With gandhis mobilization of the masses the party transformed into a populist movement and attracted new readers with new ambitions men like to warlow ne root never was very attracted to my gandhi and gandhi was very impressed with and he was gone these handpicked provision to lead the the sort of Political Party the National Movement gandhi himself never took any political position didnt want one and nearly everything from leading the Indian National congress as one of its youngest ever president s to becoming eventually the first Prime Minister of independent india and mr nader presided over the first Cabinet Meeting both nehru and gandhi were hindus but the third member of the influential trio was a Muslim Mohammed ali jinnah one of the legion or was an extremely interesting man educated very anglo file in fact culturally far more on your file than the new the nehru of gandhi. Over his dressed in western clothes had western habits in your discussion and his source agism as ham sandwiches. He wasnt particularly strongly Observant Muslim and a man who was hailed. As the ambassador of hindu muslim youth. A lawyer jinnah began his political life within the hindu dominated Indian National congress. Later on he also joined the muslim e a group protecting the Muslim Minority both parties were fighting for an independent india which at the time was ginas ultimate goal jinnah in strongly opposed to the idea of a separate muslim nation and indeed he is saying this is british divide and rule they want us to be divided weve got to stand together weve got to fight for our freedom if we dont fight for our freedom to get that we will never be free but he increasingly gets sidelined by a new Younger Generation of leadership among whom particularly there is there is never who is his nemesis handed now who calls for an indian republic is accused by the league of working for domination over the Muslim Minority but are making everyone with britains grip on india weakening nehru and the Indian National congress grew in power. Nehru wanted a new india to have a strong Central Government run by his party. This alarmed general who argued muslim majority regions should govern themselves. It was a losing battle you know realized that given the imbalance in Political Support between the league and the congress will be only with the league was ever going to actually come to any significant power was by advocating a separatist plan. Thousands of kilometers away in London Records reveal deeper insights into the fall out between geno any room and this is one of the repository of which there are a number in. At the National Archives private letters jinnah sent to british officials shows a relationship beyond repair at this point is extremely suspicious of the congress and he feels as its purpose it would be prepared to seize power by force that the may have been infiltrated the Indian National army. And thats he regrets thats the Muslim League hasnt organized in the same way so were talking a serious mistrust of this yet i think this in the Case Complete breakdown in trust between between the two policies and the and the you know its the leadership of those policies new delhi and although the scene looks quite gina and nehru had first come together to fight the british now they were fighting each other disturbances against the Muslim League filled with the danger of light by nine hundred forty six any hope of a united india had evaporated order with god but beneath the surface enmity between muslim and him the breakdown at the top of the indian politics was mirrored on the streets as tension spilled over into violence. Chaos erupted in major cities first because of a grim audio post by british an indian probe during the worst drought in the history of calcutta. Road vantec in many places higher pitched battles continued between muslims and windows for muslims the fear of being ruled by hindus convinced them they needed their own separate nation. Even jr the man once hailed as the symbol of hindu muslim unity now demanded an independent pakistan. After a sentry a british power in india the empires hand was finally forced. Charged with overseeing the withdrawal was a decorated while officer one who would go down in infamy louis malle batter. New delhi airfield and the arrival of the viceroy designate mo batten is a sort of vaguely comic character looking back. Prancing peacock who loved his robes and costumes and love to appear as the viceroy not particulate matter. A man of some chrisma a man of great sort of personal selfworth he was received i think he you know whatever little homework he did was fairly modest and when he got to india i think it was a crash course he started meeting the various leaders had his own likes and dislikes inevitably but very quickly decided that this thing had to be this hot potato had to be dropped as quickly as possible and mr byrd his hands and those of his those of his masters as his the english government lord and lady mountbatten have taken their places on the grounds that it became viceroy of india in march nine hundred forty seven britain had originally planned to leave india more than a year later in june one thousand nine hundred eighty eight but mountbatten wasnt going to wait that long mountbatten decided to accelerate even faster partly because he found his control on the control of the british soldiers over india slipping and so here celebrated to august fifteenth one hundred forty seven and with that headlong rush into disaster happened with the british unable and unwilling to prevent some of the horrors that were unfolding before their very eyes horrors unleashed by hastily drawn lines on a map the north was state of punjab was home to hindus sikhs but mostly muslims it was split with one side forming the bulk of pakistan in the north east of india the state of bengal was cut into the predominantly muslim eastern half made up another part of pakistan. Separated by newly two thousand kilometers of indian territory it would eventually become the independent country of bangladesh wasnt well thought out was ill thought out. When the british had to draw a line they pulled in the Civil Servant who had never been to india before and was sitting in his cots well garden when he was told that he had to fly next week to india and divide the country into. And no one was pleased with the line he drew inevitably. British in august one nine hundred forty seven as the flags of india and pakistan were raised ordinary citizens were left in the dark as to what this meant for them. On the actual day partition in august that show boundary hadnt been unsub able to know where they were in india or pakistan where they could stay where they lived for centuries where theyd have to move. And its only after that people tune into their ideas to hear whether they will not be part of pakistan or india everyone. Suddenly people found themselves on the wrong side of a new border muslims in india are hindus and sikhs in pakistan. There had been ethnic fighting between muslims hindus and sikhs before the partition set off an unimaginable massacre out of the horrors of fires like the blitz the the villages are all bunning hayricks or on the platforms a literally washed with blood because hello to hindus waiting on the platform to travel to india to be massacred on another platform was covered in blood because the training just arrived from india full of dead muslims. Total chaos. In the rural areas hideous scenes of pregnant women lying with their bellies ripped open babies literally roasted on the beds and journalists in ninety four to seven who had covered the opening of the nazi concentration camp there were two or three journalists who had covered that and then ended up covering partition and they said that they saw more gruesome things in the punjab punches side than they ever did in the concentration camps muggle born white the photographer writes a graphic description and she says you know i saw it but what i saw in the punjab was a million times. At the time the british estimated two hundred thousand died in the violence the consensus today