A bid for independence they would be immediately at risk of european. The ottomans suffered a major defeat in 1000 advance of the priests serbia and montenegro in the 1st balkan war. Lost the. Territory. But the defeat did initially ease the relationship between the arabs of the Ottoman Empire and the young turks governments. For. The. Well. I like what it. Meant. When. Im asked. How it was that the what the rethought. For it i mean what are you. I the thought that we should be. The 1st world war started at the end of july 19th 14. Britain france and russia the central scholars in germany austriahungary and bulgaria. Shortly after the autumn and opted to supports germany. The daughter of a man you think i know well and who work. So fast it is generally a final thought on what else when i came i says the kind of home. That will start for the month of them by about an f one how to see eye to eye on lot of interest money its not a fairy tale. That our little did the. National heart of. Political. Who are you starlet i look at remove. My knee mean. To be a highly. Mean mean. Politically and he really thought that i were legit didnt. I must be really really really brilliant or so youre going to talk doggy into luckily my mother took. Me in so they learned by her the Libyan Government also they were all part of. The roof doleman had the head of a says he cannot afford it and we had definite well. Well what he had there that you know let me up and method a low ball get it to read woman who wore it can i bring the most forward with deaf moved down the hall and we had deaf. In february 915 frustrated by the stagnating war in europe the british open to an Eastern Front against the ottomans on the dardanelles strait they imagined the ottoman army as weak and easier to defeat as the way of taking on germany and ending the war. Russia however was more concerned about its use of ottoman waterways so the russians asked britain and france to sign an agreement to guarantee their own share of the spoils after the war. The russians were keen to seize more as Cultural Capital as a sort of restoration of orthodox christianity after. 5 centuries of all of the rule and so with the outbreak of the 1st world war on the eve of the could literally invasion the russians wanted to secure their allies commitment to granting istanbul and the straits to the russian empire and this becomes an exchange of documents known as the constantinople agreement concluded between march and april 1918. Britain france and russia entered into the constantinople agreement which granted the russians certain ottoman territories and waterways. However this agreement peeved the way for another secret deal as london and paris started to plot exactly what they wanted from a region that was gaining strategic significance in the coming age of oil. You could really say that britain and to the war without any clear territorial ambitions in their territory they could not at the stage of the constantinople agreement identify one place that they wish to add to their empire but they reserve the right to do so as soon as they worked out what their priorities were and so in a sense the constantinople agreement really is the 1st of the wartime partition agreements that will begin to shape the way in which the arab provinces will be carved up primarily between britain and france since russias interest lay mostly in turkish territories so very British Fashion the british created a committee called the debunks and committee and its remit was to look into. The sort of the options for britain so that when the time for negotiations with the french came up the british would be well prepared know what they wanted and this is actually something that the british did throughout the war and right to the end of the war. So in april 1915 the british set up a committee headed by the diplomats morris the bunsen to define their interests in the ottoman territories its made certain assumptions about what its ally france would expect from any potential deal. Russian i mean a few who. Are there to prod said if you are very good walk and if it is you you really do there and live front. Man a sort of cobra in the front so you can be a call on it right now i will suddenly be in the most. And the thought that if you have a month of not with you probably have your month what have your month britains interests are most likely to be in completing its in period of the persian gulf by securing the territories of the province the bus route baghdad link as they were to persian oil fields and other done island in the shot that are up. Nicely completing dominion that stretched right around the earth coastline of the persian gulf which it would take since 920. 00 s. Good morning general are doing all that so do you want some time to settle. And its the youngest. And most carefree man was mark sykes who was kitcheners military assistant kitchener was the secretary of state for war and he delegated the job of sitting on the committee sykes mark sykes had been born into a wealthy family in yorkshire in the north of england in 879. He studied at Cambridge University and was elected as a conservative member of parliament. In 1011. He like to give the impression of being an expert on the middle east based on his travels in the region but he was not quite the authority as it was sometimes assumed. He presented the Bunsen Committee with his vision of a new near east region his riches and this will be our use i come up himself with a different plan which is something completely different a much more Old Fashioned that was to create a quarter of across the middle east so he was planning to divide the middle east between france and britain. And create a belt of english controlled country that stretched across from the mediterranean coast to the mountains on the iranian from and back to the century as a as a affront to britain could control and keep other people away from the red sea and the persian gulf. That was rejected by the defense i wish the older wiser heads said you know that why work your. Way into line 1915 the debunks in Committee Recommended dividing the Ottoman Empire into several provinces over which britain would seek influence rather than exercise direct control. But when sykes was sent to the middle east and india he began to revert to his original idea of a british cordon from the mediterranean to iraq. So so mark from your knowledge of the air out of the question. Where would you say that a legion slot was between us and the french. Practically all arabs approach not exactly anti french but. Frightened of financial exploitation and they are frightened of French Colonial methods. But there are many christians in syria in the lead and in particular how do they feel that christians are as afraid at the bottom of their hearts as the muslims and only in syria and feeling sarahs present everywhere because they know what the french do that feeling pretty well runs all through. There is the French Nationalist Party which is sentimental still harking back to the crusades. So science returned and as the currents of the started to come together he was called into downing street at the end of the year on the 16th of december 1958. Then. He must of gone with a map as well because he got into them the meeting with the cabinet the Prime Minister and his chief ministers sitting around the cabinet table in downing street i believe they fear an arab kind of that. Which is an independent stage a common language the arabs of tunis algeria and morocco in regional cause they control entirely the french nationalists believe that if the allies when they want syria palestine and north mesopotamia likes appeared to be someone who is very knowledgeable and in fact in that Cabinet Meeting that he went to in december 1950 in. It or that the result of the Cabinet Meeting was that one of the cabinet ministers he was there believe that he could speak arabic and turkish but in fact he could speak neither language so he he dotted his speech with arabic phrases that sort of thing to give himself the appearance of being an expert when in fact he was more of a gifted amateur what do you think we should do some are. I think to counteract the french war aims. We require diplomacy. Do you think diplomacy will achieve with the fridge i dont want to make any suggestions except on very general lines. But i feel we ought to settle with france as soon as possible and get a definite understanding about syria sort of arrangement would you like to have with the french would you say to them id like to see for ourselves. South of haifa apart from the active jewish. If you havent just to be very. Good and the who. Is. Your figure to bark least a fuck off. I mean there were funny. Men and with. Guns and no. Idea of how old men would love to mop up a few months back a few months of chemical its most important that we should have a bout of english controlled country between the sharif of mecca and the french in syria but would you do so fred i should like to draw a line. In asia. To the last cant good cook and this must all be settled before we can take military action against the turks in syria. We must find out what the french actually in system policy having they do multiple syria they cant all be merely a military purposes we must make terms with props. Which means we must make terms. Of the matter. Right to. Britain has identified the territories of the Ottoman Empire its wanted in order to protect its interests in the suez canal and the area provinces. But this clan was dependent on britain and france winning the war which at the start of 1015. 00 was almost at a standstill on the western front in europe. The allies decided to open an Eastern Front against the ottomans. The ill fated gillet Police Campaign ran between april 19th 15 and january 19th 16th. When its finally field the allies including australians and new zealanders suffered a major step. Ellis monument commemorates the ottoman victory in which around 80000. 00 allied troops were killed. This defeats and skill of police and later includes mystically timeo caused the british to enter into more secret deals over the middle east leg coming up how the british conspired we should be focusing on mcconnell to strike back at the ottomans through an arab revolt. The british adopt the sharifs of mecca as the partners that were essential. In the propaganda war with the ottomans to demonstrate that the muslim world was better off on the allied side that fight with the ottomans let me explain why we must and psychs. Negotiate peace to feasts to get what they both want from the middle east well if we cannot have palestinian my government was suddenly not allowed britain to control my government would take the same view french palestine would be now. But then we need to find another solution. We come to blows. And so. Now we can draw on the. Most memorable moments of aljazeera was when i was on air as Hosni Mubarak fell with the crowds in Tahrir Square talking. As. If something happens anywhere in the world aljazeera is in place were able to cover news like no other news organizations. Were able to do it properly. And that is our strength. I have been looking at what Instagram Account and reading takes into the apples fall behind the scenes this is a dialogue when donald trump announce his candidacy for president carol after them everyone has a point the best chance the democrats have to beat donald trump is to nominate an exciting inspirational callus mother nominee to join the global conversation in your pockets where an amazing amount is iraq. Look im. Sure you. Have some other like. Trust is fundamental to all our relationships we trust banks with our money talk to us without really personal thought what happens to trust in a world driven by. As more and more decisions are made for us by these complex piece of code the question that comes to. Can we trust. The 1st of a 5 part series great question when youre trying to of the. Trust me im an algorithm on a. Low im Maryanne Demasi in london with the top stories protest organizers in hong kong say more than 1700000 antigovernment demonstrators have rallied through the night people came out despite heavy rain and one of the largest protests since nearly 2000000 people gathered in june at least a permission for the demonstration but did not authorize a late march demonstrators say they want to show that they are peaceful but determined. I mean the government is blaming the phone as to who it was and now these protests its actually a. Testimonial to show that actually hong kong is a very peaceful we are expressing our views hes not found i mean this is this is what the government wants is what this is what the exam is actually the best time for them to the plot is positively the response of the human. Families in afghanistan have been burying the victims of saturdays suicide bomb attack in the capital kabul at least 63 people died and 200 others were injured in the explosion at a wedding hall i still claims to have carried out the attack which targeted afghanistans shia minority iran is saying its Oil Tanker Held for 6 weeks off the British Mediterranean territory of gibraltar should be leaving in the next few hours it comes after gibraltar denied a request from the u. S. Department of justice to seize the vessel Supreme Court judge in the british territory ordered the tankers release. Meanwhile iran says a plan to create the socalled safe zone along syrias northern border is provocative im doris im United States and turkey to establish the zone last week to manage tension between Turkish Forces and kurdish fighters but the move has also been rejected by the syrian government. Around 3000. 00 people in the bangladeshi capital of dhaka have been left homeless after a large fire swept through a congested slum in the west of the city the blaze took firefighters several hours to extinguish no deaths have been reported. And the president of chad has declared a state of emergency in 2 eastern provinces after 10 days of Ethnic Violence the order will stay in place for 3 months and they would die and see the provinces at least 50 people have been killed as farmers a nomadic cattle herders fight over land rights. Ill be back at 2100 g. M. T. With the news hour do join me then later i found. We must retain full control. In the late 1915 early 1960 region both britain and france were exercised by how they might divide up the ailing autumn an empire between them so the allies ultimately win the 1st world war. But when they suffered a serious defeat at belittling britain looked at alternative ways of attacking the ottomans and undermining their support for germany. But now the ottomans on a victory might be able to provoke uprisings in the india and egyptian muslim populations that so far theyve not been able to effect its at that point different begins to really consider how it might turn the tables on the audience and force them to fight in their own territory against an internal uprising so to address a challenge they turned to that sharif of mecca who had already made overtures to the british about concluding an alliance to secure their position now all of a sudden the british adopt the sharifs of mecca as the partners that were essential. In the propaganda war with the ottomans to demonstrate that the muslim world was better off on the allied side that fight with the ottomans. In 1908 the ottomans had appointed should each postin been highly as the wily the governor of his us the area towards the red sea. He was from the hashemites in his team in mecca of which he was the emir. His sons faisal and op dont know representatives and Ottoman Parliament but his relationship with istanbul had deteriorated in recent years but that africa was going to show you get serious about how to either me or i was older and no. Of course live if you stumble of some you to many and some you just are here to have a copy what the other thought going on. With many a heavy for. Me you know the home of the k. P. Youre there on the pier got a Committee Gave me shareef mccarley you i mean. I love you theyre all fickle it. Was. What he thought i should offer. Home yeah i saw him out of a jazz. And then. Me. Out of me the dont know as many. Li. As many yakkers. Do more of the i was many a how come yeah i guess we should what a crowd what they are all about are they are or whether in their id hope i did spend and then her does are referred to as many if it be led. By shifts what you mean her. It here. In dizzy a concert on li. At the ottoman ruler of greater syria pascha executed a group of arabs in damascus and beirut in 19151968 there were accused of being separatists and of supporting the british and french this hard to the determination of the Arab Nationalists to separate from autumn and rule and to create an independent arab States Hussein didnt have any modern ideas of nationalism but he wanted more autonomy under the ottoman. Empire but its only gradually that he was drawn into what became an Arab National movement a full scale revolt against the ottomans and this wasnt an easy decision for the sharif or make to make because the ottomans were fellow muslim. And he was siding with an infidel. Against fellow sunni muslims. There had been conversations between the british and the harsh words before the war but in july 915 serif christine wrote to the british high commissioner in cairo sir henry mcmahon. He offered his support to against the ottomans in return for british support for an independent kingdom that would include the provinces in the arab peninsula and be ruled by the hashemites. Service 7 out of a. 3rd of the. Muscle over here. But there was a lot of could be a problem how about you see a fella. There would at least as it ought to be clean. To clean it off and blow them off of the upper limit as a seal mccoll when associated there would at the labia tell me that it was a. Key is that there were a lot to be absolutely. Il