Continues next on cnn [the Beatles Revolution plays] [screaming] you say you want a revolution well, you know all chanting peace now we all want to change the world were tired of fulltime jobs for parttime income. You tell me that its evolution well, you know i know nonviolence will work. We all want to change the world is this what you want to do . Destroy the country . Ill destroy a whole bunch of yall. But when you talk about destruction the american embassy is under siege. Dont you know that you can Count Me Out the countrys Going to get a new president next january. Dont you know its Gonna be all right we are planning today new marches. All right not knowing where they are is the worst. Just hoping to stay alive, day to day. All right i will not accept the nomination of my party for another term as your president. All right no question about it, this was a bombshell, politically. All right i dont plan to drop out. All right i think itll be a Good thing for the party. We want to deal with our own problems, within our own country, and we want peace in vietnam. All right [cheers and applause] [sirens wailing] those who Got Out Of Hand the other Day Chaos has just broken out downtown. [glass shattering] have now been talked with sufficiently, to guarantee that nothing will take place in terms of violence. [glass shattering] [crowd shouting] i feel that we can still have a nonviolent demonstration and that we will have a nonviolent demonstration here in memphis. [police shouting] the important thing is that we are not Gonna be stopped by mace or junctions or any other methods the city plans to use, and i think theyre making a grave mistake, because this would bring much more support to the movement. [whistles blowing] there had been violence the last time he marched. So king comes back to memphis to prove that he can lead a peaceful demonstration. We feel that this is something we have to do. The nation needs it, the movement needs it, above all, The Poor people of our country need a dramatic movement. There is a noticeable change in the mood in memphis. People are concerned, and king gives his speech to galvanize his supporters. All we say to america, is be true to what you said on paper. [crowd cheering, shouting] theres an injunction against marching, but king is very, very defiant in that speech. Hes saying, theyre still Gonna march. Somewhere, i read of the freedom of assembly. Somewhere i read, of the freedom of speech. Somewhere i read, that the greatness of america is the right to protest for rights. [cheers and applause] weve Got some difficult days ahead. But it really doesnt matter with me now, because ive been to the mountaintop. [cheers and applause] and i have seen the promised land. [shouts, cheers] i may not get there with you, but i want you to know the night that we as a people will get to the promised land. [cheers and applause] [tense music] the next day, we had breakfast that morning, all of us did, together. We were just talking about the next march. Toward The End of the day, Doctor King is out on the balcony, and he sees jesse down there, and james bevel. All of a sudden, there was a bolt. [gunshot] [indistinct police radio chatter] 148 north. [sirens wailing] we heard, what sounded just like a firecracker, it was loud, real a real loud shot. And, uh, i heard somebody holler, oh lord. And then i turned around, and went back to where he was, and he had fallen backwards. Police put out a bulletin for a young white man who witnesses saw flee immediately after the shooting. Um. God knows this is the most tragic thing that has ever happened in in my life. It was so sudden, and so powerful. He couldnt have known what hit him. I remember Reverend Abernathy saying, back up, back up, my Dearest Friend has been shot. I Got up and went to the phone, and called mrs. King. Said, mrs. King, dr. King i think has been shot, in the shoulder, i think. I couldnt say what i saw. His wife was notified in atlanta tonight, told only that he had been shot in the shoulder, to spare her any further concern and alarm, as she flew back to, uh, memphis. Sheuh, whether she has arrived there or not, we have not been advised. Go right ahead. Do they know about Martin Luther King . That is the night that Robert Kennedy gave what is one of the more remarkable speeches any politician has ever given. Ladies and gentlemen, i have some very sad news for all of you, and, i think, for all of our fellow citizens, and people who love peace all over the world. And that is that, Martin Luther King was shot, and was killed tonight in memphis, tennessee. [crowd screaming in horror] [sighs heavily] then the city was on fire. Washington, chicaGo, detroit, boston, New York these are just a few of the cities in which the Negro Anguish expressed itself in violent destruction. [dramatic music] take my hand oh ive been through the Storm Lord On Through The Night i want you to lead me on oh for my parents generation, king was the dream. And then hes Gone. They were mourning the loss of the man, but also what he represented for them, and what they hoped he would be able to achieve for their children. Weve lost something, and we feel it deeply. We feel it. I dont Think Americans should mourn Martin Luther King. I think they should mourn themselves. [somber music] [lively fanfare] the 40th annual Academy Award show Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Last monday was the 40th Anniversary of the Academy Awards. The Academy Awards were, moved because of Martin Luther Kings assassination. This has been a fateful week, in the history of our nation. We join with men of Goodwill everywhere, in paying our profound respects to the memory of dr. Martin luther king, jr. It was his work that brought about the increasing awareness of all men, that we must unite in compassion in order to survive. The Best Picture Nominees that year were genuinely controversial, and influential movies like bonnie and clyde, the graduate, guess whos coming to dinner, and in the heat of the night. Both trying to address Racism And Race relations. Virgil, thats a funny name for a Nigger Boy that comes from philadelphia, what do they call you up there . They call me mr. Tibbs. In the heat of the night, Sidney Poitier was Playing A Black Man who was strong, who was smart, who was decisive. The movie takes place in the deep south. Let me understand this, you two came here to question me . We were just trying to clarify some of the evidence. Was mr. Colbert ever in this greenhouse . Say, last night about midnight. This is 1968, you dont have black men hitting white men in movies and getting away with it, and living to tell the tale, anyway. And he does. There was a time, when i could have had you shot. Sydney poitier completely holds his own, not just as an actor, but as the character, virgil tibbs. At its core, its a murdermystery, but its also about the way americas starting to change. The winner is in the heat of the night, walter murch. [cheers and applause] [rousing militaristic music] in South Vietnam today, about 20,000 allied troops are pushing through on the ground to Khe Sanh, the outpost held by 5,000 marines and now accessible only by air. All of this is bound for Khe Sanh. Tons of ammunition and supplies, to be parachuted in to the marines tomorrow. Have you been here 2 1 2 months since the heavy shellings been Going on . I Got here i arrived at Khe Sanh on the 19th of january, and we Got hit the 21st, so its been a long 2 1 2 months. President johnson was absolutely determined to hold the marine base at all cost. More than 200 marines have died here, 800 seriously wounded. There was never the large clashing of forces they had expected, but the marines were subjected to just a brutal onslaught. In the spring of 68, youve Got the most violent period of the entire war. The united states ramps up the use of military force, ramps up airstrikes. About 500 americans a week are being killed. And of course, the backdrop for all of this is the draft. No one knows when peace will come. And so for All The Young Men facing the draft, it is not an easy time to be a young man in america. I feel that every citizen, every male citizen, has an obligation to his country. I dont see serving in the Armed Forces as meaningful in any way. All chanting hell no, we wont Go the draft just really mobilized young people. How many different ways can you say, hell no, we wont Go . Theres a voice within me saying my name is chris brown, from jersey. Michael dover, New York. Joe hutchins, New York city. Carry on so far, since the Draft Resistance Movement began last year, between 2,000 and 3,000 young men have burned their draft cards, or returned them to the federal Government. Another 4,000 to 6,000 have fled to canada, to avoid the draft. It is just another example of american youth saying to adults your values are not my values. The mantra of that generation is that you dont have to believe anything that your parents told you. Because look what they Got us into in vietnam. You had a generation that was willing to question authority. We had a feeling of us against them, you know, us against the Government. Now ill do a song that i wrote against the american military. A song called i aint marching anymore. [playing guitar] Phil Ochs had a song that said, always the old, who lead us into war. Its always the young who fall. Its always the old, to lead us to the wars its always the young to fall we were aware of all that, you know. Why would they send us somewhere and make us Kill Somebody . Were not Gonna do that. So we sang antiwar songs, Saint Peter said, from vietnam, i can tell i know youll Go to heaven, son you served your time in hell why choose a mobile network built for places youll probably never be. Instead of for where you are most of the time . Xfinity mobile was designed for where you need it most. Now Xfinity Internet customers can buy one line of unlimited and get one free for a year. We are messing ourselves up, shows in many ways. It shows in the racial hatred in this country. It shows in the fact, that at this very moment, 500,000 of our friends and our brothers are killing and dying in a jungle 10,000 miles away. And it shows in those cards we all carry in our pockets. Well, im finished. Im a free man today. By 1968, colleges were kind of the Front Line place, where much of the protest of this period plays out. You saw the creation of sds students for a democratic society, which organized Activists College Campus by college campus. In the spring of 1968, i found myself the chairman of the Columbia Chapter of the students for a democratic society. We are interested in columbia, we would like to change it, we would like to make it free of these racist elements. The central issue was columbia expanding into black neighborhoods, and destroying them to build more of columbia. Also, columbia was involved in secret research for war strategies. We felt that it was our duty to stop it. The War Research was symbolic of the war itself. The expansion to harlem we called institutional racism. On april 23rd, there was a rally called, and all of these students showed up. And it turned out to be a huge crowd. Crowd chanting Strike Strike Strike [crowd chanting] it became kind of like a spontaneous mob. And we wound up occupying the main classroom building. At columbia university, students barricade themselves into university buildings. Their leader is a 20yearold exboy scout. This is the politics of confrontation. The one way we keep Going is by building this strike. The task was to keep topping yourself. To keep taking more and more risk. [crowd shouting angrily] the Student Demands no more secret military research, no more construction on land in harlem, and no punishment for occupying the buildings. People slept in sleeping bags, they slept on the floor. And we were constantly brought supplies. And tossed them up to the windows. Within a couple of days, we were occupying five buildings. Nobody could Go to classes. We hope very much that some settlement can be worked out which will not require us calling on police assistance. Grayson kirk was the president of the university. He was a conservative guy who was under enormous pressure. And he wanted to end this thing, wanted to bring back order. Okay, people, keep cool. There are cops berating this crowd here. None of us will begin any violence, so if theres any violence, it will be because of the police. Gentlemen. Show them the sidewalk or the building. President Grayson Kirk makes what he calls, a painful decision, and invites in the police. Crowd Strike Strike the police came in, on some kind of rampage. [crowd shouting, screaming] we have a right to choose come on, pigs stop it, stop it police brought out the students who had been holding about five buildings for the past few days. What everyone feared, took place. Thats what the cops did. We stood in front of low library with our arms locked, faculty and students singing, we shall overcome, we shall not be moved. You look like youve Got a little blood on your face, what happened . Yeah, i think i was hit with a club, which started the bleeding. The policeman grabbed him by the neck, and smashed his face into the chair. I could never again trust this administration. I could never again trust them. Theyif they didnt understand the kind of brutality that was Gonna be used on this campus, they should have. The young people were being attacked from everywhere. The united states ingested the violence of vietnam. If there was death in vietnam, there was Going to be death in america. In all, 696 arrests were made, 109 injuries were reported. Most of the injuries occurred outside the buildings. [sirens wailing] there was this tide that was swelling across the country, in which cities were burned to the ground. A voice was being raised, by way of social consciousness, and demonstration. All Got to be ready and it was an angry voice. The revolution was televised, and it was televised live. Dissent is a necessary ingredient of change, but in a system of Government that provides for peaceful change, there is no cause that justifies resort to violence. Let us recognize that the first civil right of every american is to be free from domestic violence. So i pledge to you we shall have order in the united states. In 1968, Richard Nixon comes up with the phrase, the silent center. There are millions of people who do not demonstrate who do not picket, or protest loudly. This is the unspoken voice of america. This is the silent center. What that referred to was how the media was holding up these young Student Insurgents as the paraGons of morality. And Richard Nixon understood, as No One else did, that that made the people who were Working Hard And Playing by the rules behind their white Picket Fences feel silenced. The message was extremely effective. We were sailing serenely on a calm sea, toward the nomination. At this time in Americas History this watershed year, 1968 at a time when america has never been in more trouble, at home and abroad, there is nothing wrong with this country that new leadership cannot cure, and we promise that new leadership. [crowd cheering] [applause, whistling] this very large crowd of students has come to greet Senator Mccarthy at south bend, indiana. This is the state in which hes Going to have to meet with Senator Robert Kennedy, headon. Mccarthy has proven himself as the genuine voice of the antiwar movement. So, Robert Kennedy has to demonstrate how he could be superior, not simply a alternative, to Eugene Mccarthy. You may recall, i at least, i do, you may not, but in those early days, there was general regret that someone better than i had not offered himself. [audience laughter] i, uh Mccarthy And Bobby kennedy were not pals. Mccarthy had a rather. Biting wit. I had some of the same regrets, i suppose. I didnt know who the other man was, but i hoped there was someone better. I couldnt name him right o