Transcripts For CSPAN Hearing On White Supremacy In The Mili

Come to order. The hearing today is to discuss one thatportant issue, will hopefully get some important answers. Could not be more urgent. Three weeks ago, a New York Times article revealed the ei had arrested Seven Members of an base, ation called the dangerous white supremacist group. Neonazis. The base is acceleration us, groupmystic, anarchy whose name speaks to the admiration for al qaeda and isis. And hate jews africanamericans but they do not like President Trump or the United States. The goal is to use terrorism to start a race war and collapse the United States. It may be a sick fantasy but domestic terrorism has claimed more rise lives than International Terror since 9 11. Last week, the fbi director told the Judiciary Committee that he was, elevated, racially extremism to ait National Threat priority. With the same band with homegrown violent extremism and isis. Enemies, especially russia, exploit these racial tensions to divide and we can American Society. The head of the base lives in russia. Russia likely supports white supremacist groups in the United States and europe and Russia Targets Service Members with disinformation. When our enemies take advantage of our vulnerabilities, our National Security is threatened and dependent on a sufficient response. Threat also also has specific theications for subcommittee. White supremacist terror groups and communities value skills that would enable them to commit terrorism or fight a race war. To join and trim their members, seek to sympathizersme into the military, and many claim to have military experience. This does not make white supremacist chair groups unique. Al qaeda also recruited members of military. Are several warning signs that individuals with White Nationalist and supremacist tendencies, are in fact serving in our military. Recent highprofile examples include a marine attending a 2017 charlottesville rally. With a cacherested of weapons and a west point grad espousing hate on social media. Timeseek, a military survey showed the number of troops who have witnessed evidence of white supremacist and racial ideologies in the 22 tory increased from 2018 two 2019. Previous decades, as supremacist activities, marked by events such as charlottesville, have increased in recent years, they likely increased in the military as well. Members, safety, recruitment, at risk. I am concerned that it does not take the military im concerned the military does not take the threat seriously enough, has the tools it needs, or dedicates sufficient resources to the threat. Our vetting and protection enterprise lumps white supremacist activity in with gang affiliation rather than treat it as a National Security issue on par with foreign terror. Urgency and focused trickles down to leaders who do not appear to be sufficiently apprised of the threat or taught how to deal with it. Are dealing with it, the military lacks statistics to prove it in part because the absence of a standalone extremism article. This raises hard questions about whether the military Law Enforcement needs additional authorities to combat this terror threat. Panels be joined by two by experts and organizations that study, track, and educate on extremism and we will have individuals responsible for the policy for the military, counterintelligence, and Law Enforcement security. And the military criminal investigations agencies. I would like to focus on three main concerns today. What is the scope and magnitude of the threat, and what are its impacts. Second, what is being done to prevent individuals from entering the military. And prosecutee them. Military leaders take this issue seriously enough. Some testimony will suggest that many of them are just administratively just discharged, and nothing further is done about them. With ournconsistent need to make sure the country is secure as well. Third, what additional tool white might we need to give the military. Let me have Ranking Member kelly have his opening remarks before introduce the first panel. Thank you. I wish to welcome both panels to today passes hearing. Dealt with White Supremacy on the front lines as a district attorney. From bird to assault to intimidation to shootings, i have dealt with all of those things in my district in mississippi during my time as a a districtand attorney. I have also served in the military. No group is more diverse or culturally integrated than our United States military. None anywhere. Thatst keep it that way should be a cultural fight where people should go to know where rights should look like and this is an important hearing, to make the basisep that is that we are. I think extremist activities of any kind are unacceptable and cannot be tolerated by the military. They cut to the core of what the good order and military. Discipline is the soul of an army. It makes small numbers formidable, success to the week, and sustained to all. The thought of White Supremacy parade the military is in direct contrast to the foundation of for. The military stands as a former commander and Battalion Commander in combat, i can tell you soldiers must and do trust each other with their lives, regardless of background or the color of their skin. Any other distinctions have no place in the military or society. Im interested in understanding the true magnitude of these issues. As i was caring for the hearing, i realized we do not have a lot of data on this. Aside from a recent newspaper poll on racist hater in the military, we have a few solid statistics. The definitive data we do have comes from the department of defense, where there have been 21 cases regarding White Supremacy in the last five years regarding all four service components. Is tracking investigations into White Supremacy as well as other extremist activities and sharing information with the ei. This is a step in the right direction on the lawn for side but i think that is a huge key to unpacking the issue. We need to get reliable data on how prevalent it is in the military. On panel one, i would like to understand the magnitude of extremists and White Supremacy activities all across society and what that is being tracked outside of the military. Im interested in your recommendations, specifically as they pertain to training and Data Collection for the military. On panel two, i would like to hear about the departments screening preferences and the ongoing monitoring of activities. There may be a gap in the recording reporting of the case is being handled administratively by the commanders. I would like to understand dods weight way forward and whether we need to have standardized training across those services. I want to think the witnesses for beingairwoman here today. Thank you. I yield back. Thank you, witnesses, for joining us today. You will have five minutes to share your testimony. I would also like to ask unanimous consent once all Committee Members have had the opportunity to ask russians. So ordered. Ok. Starts with dr. Dr. Mark, Senior Research fellow at the antidefamation league. Isa brooks we will take a short recess and switch out to our second panel at the end of the short panel. You like to begin . I would like to thank the esteemed members for inviting me to testify. It is a great honor. In Political Science from Purdue University and a cofounder of the newly established against hate and extremism. I have researched extremist activity in the United States and monitored White Supremacists in the military, often forwarding the information to military investigators. I argued, as i will today, for more vigilant practices and stronger policies to root out extremists from the ranks. Nothing i say in my remarks should be taken to in peel and those in the armed forces, whose efforts i applaud. As my written testimony documents, this is a serious and growing one. Many of us know of former soldiers who have gone on to commit acts of terrorism. Timothy mcveigh is the one most think of. Groups the past year, have been found involved in white supremacist groups, in some cases, International Terrorism. White supremacy in the terror associated with it is on the rise of stop bucking the trend of terror globally, we have a White Supremacist Movement in the United States and abroad. Some of these folks on military tactics. A significant threat to our groups, the American Public, and other countries. Armed soldiers know that White Supremacy is a problem. The military times has done a poll three years in a row. Between one and four and one and have encountered White Nationalism or racism in the armed forces. Are my top level recommendations to deal with White Supremacy in the armed forces. It is very clear that screening measures need strengthening. The military does not have a tattoo database that shows extremist tattoos. It does not have procedures to investigate social media accounts where you find most extremism nowadays. It might be wise to consider how the online activities of might be monitored for the recent arrest of an attendant who had all of this horrible stuff online. It tells us what leads to if we are not paying attention. Military groups fill out questionnaires and ask dedicated to terrorism. The process relies on Self Reporting. It is not clear whether that is verified. The need for more rigorous enforcement procedures and data has already been mentioned by the Ranking Member. The regulations against racism and White Supremacy are generally strong but if they are not enforced, they are paper tigers tigers. Largely left up to commanders, there appears to be no process toattract people with ties White Supremacy groups. Little data in the Public Domain to let us know how serious the problem is. All of these are serious issues, as well as it being unclear how information in one branch are shared with other branches or the guard or fbi. Mandatorys to be reports every year about White Supremacy in the military. There was a house amendment that intended to add questions about White Nationalism to military service that was dropped out of the National Authorization act. I would suggest this be looked at again. Investigatory task force should be looked at, how they look at extremist networks, what level of resources exist there, and data should be generated so we know how serious the problem is. There are also loopholes in the regulations for other kinds of extremists. One our folks involved in the antigovernment militia movement. These people believe in war against the federal government and are increasingly antiimmigrant and antimuslim. These organizations have thousands of members and specifically try to recruit from the armed forces. That is something i would suggest also needs to be looked at. The military needs to report hate Crime Statistics to the fbi. Frankly, all fbi agencies need to. This is another ps of data that would be helpful for understanding the problems. Re is also evidence of resistance in the ranks is contributing to worldwide terrorism. Members of the most violent neonazi terrorist groups ever could veterans from the wars in iraq and afghanistan, as well as active duty Service Members and the military expertise is being shared with White Supremacists in other countries. Something else that merits examination. I also want to say it is important that everybody in leadership speak out against White Supremacy in the ranks. This is a bipartisan issue and it has been for a long time and it really should be a nobrainer that this has to be done by everybody, from the commanderinchief on down. Want to say i agree with the former joint chiefs chairman dunford, who said there is no place for bigotry and racism in the u. S. Military or the United States as a whole. I hope the policy suggestions i provided here and in writing can bring us closer to eradicating the ideas through the ranks of an comparable forces. It has been an honor to be here. Thank you. Thank you. Chairwoman. Ranking member kelly. Distinguish methods of this subcommittee. Good afternoon. Im a Senior Research fellow with the center on extremism. It is an honor to appear before you today to address the issue of White Supremacy in the u. S. Military. For decades, we have fought against eight, antisemitism, and extremism in all forms by spreadg individuals who hate and incite violence. Today, it is the foremost on domestic terrorism, extremism, hate groups, and hate crimes. The issue of extremism in the military is one where the center has tracked for years. Wheeler the services about military members tied to extremism, provide assistance upon request to recruiters and investigators, and offer training. For example, adl provided provides training wrote the then secretary of defense gates, urging him to take measures to deal with White Supremacy in the armed forces. The problem has only grown in urgency since then. To share important context in my testimony about the nature of extremism in armed forces. Our active and reserve components number over 2 million men and women to reflect broader American Society in key ways, including the presence of extremism. Each time the White Movement has surged in the u. S. , that has been mirrored by a similar increase within the armed forces. The 1980s,during the 1990s, and in 2008 two 2011. Today aspening again the u. S. Is experiencing a surge of White Supremacy compelled propelled by the old right, which has brought young and newly radicalized white males into the movement. This is aggravated by the spread of hate online. The military incurs not only an increase in extremists, but also increases in crime and violence that accompany them. Extremism in the military, have acts. They have planned if store weapons of military equipment. They provide information to other extremists. The current surge of White Supremacy is no exception. Less than two weeks ago, coast guard lieutenant christopher was sentenced to federal court for 13 years in prison connected to a plot for domestic terrorism. Prosecutors described him as a man inspired by racist murderers who intended to exact or you retribution on minorities and those he considered traitors. Have Law Enforcement not cot him, we would be counting the bodies of the defendants victims. The agent met the internet search included where did the constant live when they were in d. C. , how to rid the u. S. Of jews, and most federal judges, among others. He wrote, i cannot strike just to wound. I must find a way to deliver a blow that cannot be shaken off. Other extremists in the military in recent years distributed wmds, a thousand people die white supremacist rallies, and use a firearm to threaten members of a mosque. , joining extremist groups, distribute and racist propaganda and posting to white supremacist platforms online. Of extremists in armed forces is dangerous to Service Members, their families to others and is harmful discipline and morale and effectiveness of our troops. It is a problem of military cannot afford to ignore. With thees working services have caused us concerned that policies and regulations are not only not always widely implemented nor our key personnel and systematic fashion. We encourage you to work with services to ensure uniformity and clarity of regulations to provide proper training for in recruitment, discipline, and military justice on how to respond to evidence of extremism. We offer our expertise and experience to help the services tackle the issue, including developing curricula or training trainer events. Most important way, we encourage all dod and military leaders as well as you to speak out against hate. Setting an example from the top is essential. We must protect the men and women who protect our nation. Thank you. Thank you. Next is ms. Brooks. Thank you. Chairwoman, recommender kelly, thank you. I am the daughter of a veteran of the korean war. I am the mother of a son who proudly served the u. S. Army for two tours this issue is deeply personal to me. The White Nationalist movement in the United States is surging and present present a serious danger to the country and its institutions, including the u. S. Armed forces. Recent investigations have revealed thousands of veterans and active duty Service Members affiliated with New York Times<\/a> article revealed the ei had arrested Seven Members<\/a> of an base, ation called the dangerous white supremacist group. Neonazis. The base is acceleration us, groupmystic, anarchy whose name speaks to the admiration for al qaeda and isis. And hate jews africanamericans but they do not like President Trump<\/a> or the United States<\/a>. The goal is to use terrorism to start a race war and collapse the United States<\/a>. It may be a sick fantasy but domestic terrorism has claimed more rise lives than International Terror<\/a> since 9 11. Last week, the fbi director told the Judiciary Committee<\/a> that he was, elevated, racially extremism to ait National Threat<\/a> priority. With the same band with homegrown violent extremism and isis. Enemies, especially russia, exploit these racial tensions to divide and we can American Society<\/a>. The head of the base lives in russia. Russia likely supports white supremacist groups in the United States<\/a> and europe and Russia Targets<\/a> Service Members<\/a> with disinformation. When our enemies take advantage of our vulnerabilities, our National Security<\/a> is threatened and dependent on a sufficient response. Threat also also has specific theications for subcommittee. White supremacist terror groups and communities value skills that would enable them to commit terrorism or fight a race war. To join and trim their members, seek to sympathizersme into the military, and many claim to have military experience. This does not make white supremacist chair groups unique. Al qaeda also recruited members of military. Are several warning signs that individuals with White Nationalist<\/a> and supremacist tendencies, are in fact serving in our military. Recent highprofile examples include a marine attending a 2017 charlottesville rally. With a cacherested of weapons and a west point grad espousing hate on social media. Timeseek, a military survey showed the number of troops who have witnessed evidence of white supremacist and racial ideologies in the 22 tory increased from 2018 two 2019. Previous decades, as supremacist activities, marked by events such as charlottesville, have increased in recent years, they likely increased in the military as well. Members, safety, recruitment, at risk. I am concerned that it does not take the military im concerned the military does not take the threat seriously enough, has the tools it needs, or dedicates sufficient resources to the threat. Our vetting and protection enterprise lumps white supremacist activity in with gang affiliation rather than treat it as a National Security<\/a> issue on par with foreign terror. Urgency and focused trickles down to leaders who do not appear to be sufficiently apprised of the threat or taught how to deal with it. Are dealing with it, the military lacks statistics to prove it in part because the absence of a standalone extremism article. This raises hard questions about whether the military Law Enforcement<\/a> needs additional authorities to combat this terror threat. Panels be joined by two by experts and organizations that study, track, and educate on extremism and we will have individuals responsible for the policy for the military, counterintelligence, and Law Enforcement<\/a> security. And the military criminal investigations agencies. I would like to focus on three main concerns today. What is the scope and magnitude of the threat, and what are its impacts. Second, what is being done to prevent individuals from entering the military. And prosecutee them. Military leaders take this issue seriously enough. Some testimony will suggest that many of them are just administratively just discharged, and nothing further is done about them. With ournconsistent need to make sure the country is secure as well. Third, what additional tool white might we need to give the military. Let me have Ranking Member<\/a> kelly have his opening remarks before introduce the first panel. Thank you. I wish to welcome both panels to today passes hearing. Dealt with White Supremacy<\/a> on the front lines as a district attorney. From bird to assault to intimidation to shootings, i have dealt with all of those things in my district in mississippi during my time as a a districtand attorney. I have also served in the military. No group is more diverse or culturally integrated than our United States<\/a> military. None anywhere. Thatst keep it that way should be a cultural fight where people should go to know where rights should look like and this is an important hearing, to make the basisep that is that we are. I think extremist activities of any kind are unacceptable and cannot be tolerated by the military. They cut to the core of what the good order and military. Discipline is the soul of an army. It makes small numbers formidable, success to the week, and sustained to all. The thought of White Supremacy<\/a> parade the military is in direct contrast to the foundation of for. The military stands as a former commander and Battalion Commander<\/a> in combat, i can tell you soldiers must and do trust each other with their lives, regardless of background or the color of their skin. Any other distinctions have no place in the military or society. Im interested in understanding the true magnitude of these issues. As i was caring for the hearing, i realized we do not have a lot of data on this. Aside from a recent newspaper poll on racist hater in the military, we have a few solid statistics. The definitive data we do have comes from the department of defense, where there have been 21 cases regarding White Supremacy<\/a> in the last five years regarding all four service components. Is tracking investigations into White Supremacy<\/a> as well as other extremist activities and sharing information with the ei. This is a step in the right direction on the lawn for side but i think that is a huge key to unpacking the issue. We need to get reliable data on how prevalent it is in the military. On panel one, i would like to understand the magnitude of extremists and White Supremacy<\/a> activities all across society and what that is being tracked outside of the military. Im interested in your recommendations, specifically as they pertain to training and Data Collection<\/a> for the military. On panel two, i would like to hear about the departments screening preferences and the ongoing monitoring of activities. There may be a gap in the recording reporting of the case is being handled administratively by the commanders. I would like to understand dods weight way forward and whether we need to have standardized training across those services. I want to think the witnesses for beingairwoman here today. Thank you. I yield back. Thank you, witnesses, for joining us today. You will have five minutes to share your testimony. I would also like to ask unanimous consent once all Committee Members<\/a> have had the opportunity to ask russians. So ordered. Ok. Starts with dr. Dr. Mark, Senior Research<\/a> fellow at the antidefamation league. Isa brooks we will take a short recess and switch out to our second panel at the end of the short panel. You like to begin . I would like to thank the esteemed members for inviting me to testify. It is a great honor. In Political Science<\/a> from Purdue University<\/a> and a cofounder of the newly established against hate and extremism. I have researched extremist activity in the United States<\/a> and monitored White Supremacists<\/a> in the military, often forwarding the information to military investigators. I argued, as i will today, for more vigilant practices and stronger policies to root out extremists from the ranks. Nothing i say in my remarks should be taken to in peel and those in the armed forces, whose efforts i applaud. As my written testimony documents, this is a serious and growing one. Many of us know of former soldiers who have gone on to commit acts of terrorism. Timothy mcveigh is the one most think of. Groups the past year, have been found involved in white supremacist groups, in some cases, International Terror<\/a>ism. White supremacy in the terror associated with it is on the rise of stop bucking the trend of terror globally, we have a White Supremacist Movement<\/a> in the United States<\/a> and abroad. Some of these folks on military tactics. A significant threat to our groups, the American Public<\/a>, and other countries. Armed soldiers know that White Supremacy<\/a> is a problem. The military times has done a poll three years in a row. Between one and four and one and have encountered White Nationalism<\/a> or racism in the armed forces. Are my top level recommendations to deal with White Supremacy<\/a> in the armed forces. It is very clear that screening measures need strengthening. The military does not have a tattoo database that shows extremist tattoos. It does not have procedures to investigate social media accounts where you find most extremism nowadays. It might be wise to consider how the online activities of might be monitored for the recent arrest of an attendant who had all of this horrible stuff online. It tells us what leads to if we are not paying attention. Military groups fill out questionnaires and ask dedicated to terrorism. The process relies on Self Reporting<\/a>. It is not clear whether that is verified. The need for more rigorous enforcement procedures and data has already been mentioned by the Ranking Member<\/a>. The regulations against racism and White Supremacy<\/a> are generally strong but if they are not enforced, they are paper tigers tigers. Largely left up to commanders, there appears to be no process toattract people with ties White Supremacy<\/a> groups. Little data in the Public Domain<\/a> to let us know how serious the problem is. All of these are serious issues, as well as it being unclear how information in one branch are shared with other branches or the guard or fbi. Mandatorys to be reports every year about White Supremacy<\/a> in the military. There was a house amendment that intended to add questions about White Nationalism<\/a> to military service that was dropped out of the National Authorization<\/a> act. I would suggest this be looked at again. Investigatory task force should be looked at, how they look at extremist networks, what level of resources exist there, and data should be generated so we know how serious the problem is. There are also loopholes in the regulations for other kinds of extremists. One our folks involved in the antigovernment militia movement. These people believe in war against the federal government and are increasingly antiimmigrant and antimuslim. These organizations have thousands of members and specifically try to recruit from the armed forces. That is something i would suggest also needs to be looked at. The military needs to report hate Crime Statistics<\/a> to the fbi. Frankly, all fbi agencies need to. This is another ps of data that would be helpful for understanding the problems. Re is also evidence of resistance in the ranks is contributing to worldwide terrorism. Members of the most violent neonazi terrorist groups ever could veterans from the wars in iraq and afghanistan, as well as active duty Service Members<\/a> and the military expertise is being shared with White Supremacists<\/a> in other countries. Something else that merits examination. I also want to say it is important that everybody in leadership speak out against White Supremacy<\/a> in the ranks. This is a bipartisan issue and it has been for a long time and it really should be a nobrainer that this has to be done by everybody, from the commanderinchief on down. Want to say i agree with the former joint chiefs chairman dunford, who said there is no place for bigotry and racism in the u. S. Military or the United States<\/a> as a whole. I hope the policy suggestions i provided here and in writing can bring us closer to eradicating the ideas through the ranks of an comparable forces. It has been an honor to be here. Thank you. Thank you. Chairwoman. Ranking member kelly. Distinguish methods of this subcommittee. Good afternoon. Im a Senior Research<\/a> fellow with the center on extremism. It is an honor to appear before you today to address the issue of White Supremacy<\/a> in the u. S. Military. For decades, we have fought against eight, antisemitism, and extremism in all forms by spreadg individuals who hate and incite violence. Today, it is the foremost on domestic terrorism, extremism, hate groups, and hate crimes. The issue of extremism in the military is one where the center has tracked for years. Wheeler the services about military members tied to extremism, provide assistance upon request to recruiters and investigators, and offer training. For example, adl provided provides training wrote the then secretary of defense gates, urging him to take measures to deal with White Supremacy<\/a> in the armed forces. The problem has only grown in urgency since then. To share important context in my testimony about the nature of extremism in armed forces. Our active and reserve components number over 2 million men and women to reflect broader American Society<\/a> in key ways, including the presence of extremism. Each time the White Movement<\/a> has surged in the u. S. , that has been mirrored by a similar increase within the armed forces. The 1980s,during the 1990s, and in 2008 two 2011. Today aspening again the u. S. Is experiencing a surge of White Supremacy<\/a> compelled propelled by the old right, which has brought young and newly radicalized white males into the movement. This is aggravated by the spread of hate online. The military incurs not only an increase in extremists, but also increases in crime and violence that accompany them. Extremism in the military, have acts. They have planned if store weapons of military equipment. They provide information to other extremists. The current surge of White Supremacy<\/a> is no exception. Less than two weeks ago, coast guard lieutenant christopher was sentenced to federal court for 13 years in prison connected to a plot for domestic terrorism. Prosecutors described him as a man inspired by racist murderers who intended to exact or you retribution on minorities and those he considered traitors. Have Law Enforcement<\/a> not cot him, we would be counting the bodies of the defendants victims. The agent met the internet search included where did the constant live when they were in d. C. , how to rid the u. S. Of jews, and most federal judges, among others. He wrote, i cannot strike just to wound. I must find a way to deliver a blow that cannot be shaken off. Other extremists in the military in recent years distributed wmds, a thousand people die white supremacist rallies, and use a firearm to threaten members of a mosque. , joining extremist groups, distribute and racist propaganda and posting to white supremacist platforms online. Of extremists in armed forces is dangerous to Service Members<\/a>, their families to others and is harmful discipline and morale and effectiveness of our troops. It is a problem of military cannot afford to ignore. With thees working services have caused us concerned that policies and regulations are not only not always widely implemented nor our key personnel and systematic fashion. We encourage you to work with services to ensure uniformity and clarity of regulations to provide proper training for in recruitment, discipline, and military justice on how to respond to evidence of extremism. We offer our expertise and experience to help the services tackle the issue, including developing curricula or training trainer events. Most important way, we encourage all dod and military leaders as well as you to speak out against hate. Setting an example from the top is essential. We must protect the men and women who protect our nation. Thank you. Thank you. Next is ms. Brooks. Thank you. Chairwoman, recommender kelly, thank you. I am the daughter of a veteran of the korean war. I am the mother of a son who proudly served the u. S. Army for two tours this issue is deeply personal to me. The White Nationalist<\/a> movement in the United States<\/a> is surging and present present a serious danger to the country and its institutions, including the u. S. Armed forces. Recent investigations have revealed thousands of veterans and active duty Service Members<\/a> affiliated with White Nationalist<\/a>s activity. From a new problem. The Southern Poverty Law Center<\/a> has been documenting White Nationalist<\/a>s and white supremacist infiltration into the military and urging people officials to take action since 1986. In that year, we wrote defense secretary weinberger and expose the fact that were participating in paramilitary ku klux klan activities. Even stealing military weaponry for clan use. In december of 2019, as mentioned, it was reported that the National Defense<\/a> authorization act was altered in the u. S. Senate to remove the mention of White Nationalist<\/a>s in forscreening process military and list these. According to the 2019 poll that was referenced by the military duty, 36 of active Service Members<\/a> who were signsed reported seeing of White Nationalism<\/a> or racist ideology in the u. S. Armed forces for top in the same survey, more than half of Service Members<\/a> of color reported experiencing incidents of racism or racist ideology. And number of plots by White Nationalist<\/a>s have been thwarted. The arrest of lieutenant christopher paul, a 49yearold serving in the coast guard, provides a recent example. He had also spent time in the marine corps and Army National<\/a> guard and was recently sentenced to more than 13 years in prison. He explicitly identified as White Nationalist<\/a>s, and advocated for the establishment of a white ethnostate. Splc has identified dozens of former and active military personnel among the membership of some of the countrys most dangerous White Nationalist<\/a>s and White Supremacy<\/a> groups. A neonazi group whose members have allegedly been response before five murders since 2017. Inndon russell, who launched 2015, served in the florida Army National<\/a> guard. After his roommate, devon, killed two other roommates who were also members, police found explosive materials. A framed photo of an army mcveigh, wasthy found. He also had flyers that read, do not prepare for exams full exams. Repair for a race war. In order to receive the kinds of skills he would need to prepare for that potential race war. Altogether, investigators found Seven Members<\/a> who have served in the military. Because of their sophisticated weapons and explosives training, those members significantly increased the groups potential to carry out deadly attacks. Been sentencedce to five years in prison on charges related to the explosive materials found in the apartment. Tom prison, he has attempted send instructions to another member of the neonazi group. Arrests of two trained soldiers, one for the United States<\/a> and one from canada, who belonged to a terroristic White Nationalist<\/a>s group called the base, have heightened fears that they are now forming paramilitary cells. In 2006, the splc released a report highlighting the presence of White Nationalist<\/a>s in the military and once again restep reached out to ask the department of defense to bloom a zerotolerance policy on White Supremacy<\/a>. Again in 2008 and 2009, we wrote letters to the dod urging investigations. Today, the splc offers the following recommendations. Adopt and rigorously enforce a zerotolerance policy on White Nationalist<\/a>s activity across all branches of the military. Require an annual report for military leadership that includes an audit of all investigations of White Nationalist<\/a>s and white three,cist activity offer support services that work to do radicalize Service Members<\/a> and veterans exposed. We urge the committee and congress to break from the rank those who would mark the reputation and courageous work of dedicated Service Members<\/a>. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you for your testimony. It is jarring, to say the very least. It is an important wakeup call for all of us. You have offered a number of recommendations. I would like to maybe use to there is public what, was their social media maybe i should ask this at the next panel. Let me ask you this. We have got the dark web. To theuals can gravitate dark web to engage in their social media if they are so inclined. How would you recommend that the military do the kind of monitoring necessary . Honestly, often times, with social media accounts, you do not have to go into supersecret hiss to find them will stop material that often times is on Facebook Accounts<\/a> and twitter accounts, or places like for chan, which are searchable. That is not to say there are not areas of the web that are hidden and hard to get to to find this information, but people are shockingly open about their extremist views. It is the kind of material that should be easy for investigators and people talking to potential recruits, to verify. They are Self Reporting<\/a> theyre not involved in terrorist or extremist organizations. Of thisfind a lot material without too much difficulty. I would advise that that seems with the first extreme debts screening mechanism to be done. Can find a lot. That does not mean it is all there but a lot. Anyone else . Doctor . Thank you. I agree with what my colleague said. There is extremist material on the dark web that the dark web is dark to extremists as well. It is easier for them to find other extremists and extremist material on the regular internet. Unfortunately, there are many from large,line, mainstream, social media platforms, two morgues more up your ones, where they can do that. A lot of this is actually accessible to people who want to investigate this and want to monitor this. If they are educated on where to look and what to look for. And so this is not an insurmountable problem. It is something that can be tackled at least to a certain degree. You each identified active duty and former Service Members<\/a> in the ranks of extremist organizations. Distinguish how many are active duty and how many are former . I do not have that listing. I could get that for you. Thank you. Anyone else have any comments . I was going to respond in the same way. I can provided for the record. , as youur estimation have sought to inform the military investigators of information you have uncovered, how have they responded . For the years i was working at the Southern Poverty Law Center<\/a>, this was one of my main areas of work. I would say that starting in some of the time ms. Brooks pointed out in 2006 and 2008, there was a reluctance on the part of the military to take the issue seriously. At one point, myself and some colleagues brought dozens of forum pages of active Duty Services<\/a> on a website called a neonazi website, and showed were praisingple hitlers, using racial slurs, it active duty and something needed to be done. The military was not really responsive to our idea that prior regulations only required cardcarrying members of acres to be from the military. That changed in 2009. Regulations were tightened and strengthened. The question at the the question at this point is things like loopholes and militia members who were in the service, moreing that sort of his break blatantly racist as opposed to hardcore white supremacist, how it is treated and how the regulations are enforced. That would be my suggestion. And there is just a lack of data for the public to know exactly what is happening. Thank you. Would any of you like to respond . Add anhe list, i would anonymous reporting and the continuous reporting. Goal andinvestor investigative manner, but something that happens specifically, that there is some way to monitor it regularly. You think there should be a bystander responsibility to report . I do. Ranking member mentioned, our military is our shining star. We need to do everything that we can to ensure it remains that way. I think the oath that folks say when they join the military demands it, yes. Thank you. Ranking member kelly. Onlys square h or allegiance to one cause. Either the United States<\/a> of america or whatever organization met his and i think you are exactly right. And i think you are exactly right. I have been a direct target of an assassination attempt by an extremist. I have been a direct target. The guy try to shoot me from here to you, in the chest, for no reason other than that he did not like my political views but he did not know me. One is too many. A is easy to look at it as small issue, unless you are the one who is the small issue. Who violatesperson the oath of the allegiance to the United States<\/a> of america and military of america should be rooted out because they cannot have an allegiance to both. I want to ask you what we can do in the current military to either train or change cultural ideas are issues to identify people who are violating the oath and allegiance to the United States<\/a> of america, what can we do to train that better or change the culture better . Thank you. One of the axioms of fighting extremism and terrorism is, if you see something, Say Something<\/a>. First, we need to encourage people to Say Something<\/a> when they see something. The fact is, we have to give people educated eyes. We have to give them the training, the ability to recognize science, whether those are online, whether those are in the real world manifestations that appear in the real world, of this sort of extremism. Recruiters need this. Entry trainers need this, advanced trainers need this, Company Officers<\/a> and noncommissioned officers need people areng educated what to look for, the signs, there are clear to report, on how how to investigate, and how to deal with problems that emerged. You are allowing people to see and say things and do things. I joined the military in the 1980s and have seen a significant culture change, 34 years. It has gotten better every year. That does not mean there have not been times where it has gotten with an better. We are a lot better today than we were in 1985 when i joined. Do, likewhat can we jokesomeone makes sexist that can lead to Sexual Harassment<\/a> and sexual assault, because it difficult or were that is ok, in the same way something someone makes a racist joke or comment, it can lead to racism, which leads to the extremists where you take that on in file it acts and those things. How do we better screen potential applicants, and how do we identify those in the ranks to get them out before they come to the extremist level . I wanted to add that the social media issue is important. Training is absolutely important. Setting standards from the getgo when someone comes to the military about what is expected and what is not. In addition to everything the doctor said, there is the issue of how big or dedicated the investigative mechanisms are in the military to look for exactly these problems, especially when they escalate. Training can be done with with a sexist or racist remark. You want to stop that and set standards. For the hardcore extremists, it will be a little more difficult. They will try to hide what they are up to. Some of the press reports i have been reading about indicate that perhaps there are not the investigative mechanisms and at the of information level of criminal Investigative Services<\/a> that needs to be there. Suggest that be beefed up. Quite a few more seconds left but i think it is incumbent, and i talking not just to you guys but all of dod across every leader, from the team level two large stars in command of organizations. We must not allow any of these things to take life. When we see it wrong, we have to let people know we will not tolerate any type of racism, sexism, or anything throughout the military. Thank you for being here today to testify on this important matter. I yield back. Thank you. You are recognized for five minutes. Thank you. Think you for being here today this afternoon to talk on this important topic. I come from the district of a large hispanic population that makes it 40 of my constituents. This diversity makes our community rest rich. I will continue to fight for all groups to have equal access for the right to inclusive and dignified environment. If all ideologies of any kind have no place in our military. August come Media Outlets<\/a> reported a Master Sergeant<\/a> in the air force was an active member of identity visibleone of the most neonazi and white supremacist organizations in colorado. The air force released a statement saying racism, inotry, hate, has no place the air force. The sergeant remained in the air force. Only recently after facing intense pressure to the air force decide to begin the process of removing him from the military. A concern for me. What you agree this undermines diversity initiatives as well as morality unit cohesion and could you elaborate . Thank you for the question. You are right that it goes against what all of the armed forces is about. A bit about identity roebuck, they are a noxious group of right nationalists who spread the very disinformation that the chairwoman was mentioning it is important as far as the Education Campaign<\/a> and things we need to do to address the issues is to challenge this misinformation, this disinformation. White nationalists advocate for a white ethnic state, they put forth conspiracy theories with respect to White Genocide<\/a> and the great replacement. It is nothing to be played with. We allow these noxious believes to continue as our diversity continues across, this is what were dealing with. You spoke to diversity in your district. The u. S. Is experiencing a great demographic rift. That is not playing well white , so they are putting forth a narrative of a White Genocide<\/a>. It is important we address this headon because it does undermine everything the military is all about. Thank you. Based on your expertise, i think i know the answer to this, would you say services should adopt a zerotolerance policy for personnel involved in these. X yes, maam will stop our first recommendation is we rigorously policy. Zero tolerance you cannot say we do not stand for racism of any kind, and then allow members to remain in the armed forces. Thank you. Madam chair, i yield back. Thank you. Fivere recognized for minutes. Thank you for being here. First. D to turn to you i know the Southern Poverty Law Center<\/a> for tracking and research, have you all how long has the relationship with the military been going on and do you see it having changed over the last three years . The comment is sometimes made that the military did not take it seriously enough. Little more about that. How would you characterize it . Thank you. The department of defense in particular has been receptive. As i mentioned in my testimony and it is documented in the written testimony, it goes back to 1986. Secretary of defense weinberger was very risk receptive. A strong statement against white supremacist in the military. Itthe doctor mentioned, sometimes shifts over time. Thoughtetary of defense is independs on who office. Sharing the research, because it is just that important to us. The research we do with respect to hate and extremism, we do it so we can share it with folks on on ground, Law Enforcement<\/a> the ground, our military leaders with leadership of any kind. We want to put a stop to this. We share with people who can put a stop to this. That is why we are grateful to the committee for holding this hearing. We implore you and congress to do something with the research that we provide in addition to what the doctor provides. He has even the research for the last 20 years. The fact that im talking about her research now, you can trust implicitly. I am not sure if you it wasthis mentioned there were support services to do that, what are we looking at . No re were currently because of the spread of white supremacist ideology, it is so permission pernicious, and people are so susceptible to different messages, we want to not only right to support people through it, we want to offer a way for people to recover from his messages and violent messages they might receive and may believe. We are often dealing with young. Ecruits we want to find ways to deal radicalize them. It takes a little work to convince people, this ideology, and a little work to convince them it is not true. Wondering whether whether we have the capacity in the military in terms of having withed personnel to deal this in ongoing ways. I think the research is there and there are resources to find the people who can help the military to carry out some of these sources. I know that. Ok. Thank you. I wanted to ask you a little militaryt you see from leaders. There was an example of a young man who supposedly used graffiti and it turned out it was not quite what people thought, but the superintendent of the wordsy used very strong to say, if you are going to do this, get out of our military. I remember a number of years ago around sexual assault, there happened to be an australian, i believe it was australian, eral who made several similar comments. At the time, we felt maybe our leaders are not given the goahead to make strong statements like that. Would you like to assess the sense of whether you think are able to say things which are pretty strong and help people to get out of the military if this is the way you feel . I would be happy to address that. I think the example you brought up is an example of the a leader who exhibited leadership and spoke about it forcefully on an issue that came up under his purview. We have seen that over the years with the military on issues related to this, leaders lead. One that occurred after world war ii occurred far more smoothly than a lot of people expected because from the topdown down, leaders lead. They spoke out and set expectations in no uncertain terms, terms, they let people know what would happen. Some officers did not like that. They did not do it in the military. Researchad examples of into this recently related to staffssue, when chiefs of spoke out after charlottesville, the white spoke up against extremism. Those are voices we need to encourage and the voices we need more of. Our military leadership is capable of being that voice. My time is up. You are recognized for five minutes. Thank you and thank you to the panel for being here to discuss this issue today. You mentioned in your testimony a recent military times poll that revealed more than one third of respondents and more than half of minority respondents said that they personally witnessed examples of White Nationalism<\/a> or racism within the ranks within recent months. Policiesthat the dod regarding whites are present in the White Supremacy<\/a> must be transparent and i looked at this 2009 with dates to the radvision in 2012. There is evolving use of social media and means of spreading information. Are there specific things that you think merit updating or revision to make this policy more enforceable, more relevant to Current Technology<\/a> or other aspects . I think you also referenced in your written testimony the same survey for military times. A keyhink you bring up issue. Extremism evolves, so the message the military must take must evolve. Our current regulations part of them date back to the 1960s. The 1980s,ended in again and the 1990s, again when you mentioned it. There are specific things we may want to look at. White supremacy today is less group dependent than it used to be in part because of the intermittent the internet, you could be active without belonging to a specific group. Yet if you look at our regulations, a lot of them refers specifically to organize groups rather than a broader movement. That may be something that needs to be addressed. To look at want regulations more comprehensively , up started finished, they need to be rewritten to deal with modern circumstances rather than modifying once more. Thank you for the question. I would add, i would encourage military leaders to listen to their troops. People and was 1600 they interviewed people in the military, they themselves said they saw the scourge of White Nationalism<\/a>, White Supremacy<\/a> being a greater threat to the homeland than foreign terrorism or italian immigration combined. Or antiimmigration combined. You refer to the incidents where Service Members<\/a> of color experienced racist incidents. It is important to point out they saw swastikas on military bases, they saw individuals using the nazi salute. There was graffiti, things that we find that we would not expect to find in the military. Colleague that certainly, the regulations need to be updated, but the important thing is that we take a serious stance. The desegregation of the armed forces, it was from the top to every person in the staying ong the same page, and that is to happen again when we are talking about White Supremacy<\/a>. There can be no equivocation. That you. Any thing further to add on the topic . I agree with what was said about taking a look at these regulations. The fact of the matter is they are not applied, it is pointless. This case in colorado where a active duty and a member of identity europa would be banned based on the 1985 regulations. He was demoted, not removed from military service. If you do not follow through with the whole process, is pointless. I suggested that be looked at seriously. Thank you. I yield back. You are recognized for five minutes. Thank you. I am grateful that we are having this discussion and to our panelists, thank you for being here, for sharing this information with us. To our second panel, i hope everyone is listening with an open mind. Paso, texas,l which was targeted last summer on august 3, we had a domestic terrorist who confessed to driving 600 miles and 10 hours toause he said he wanted essentially slaughter mexicans and immigrants and he lamented the hispanic invasion. These are words he repeated that we have heard from some of the most powerful leaders in the land come out the same language used to describe members of my community by some of our elected officials. This is an important discussion, something mentioned earlier, we have to call this out. When we do not call it out, we give it cover. When we give it cover, we give it life and power. There is no greater testament to that than what happened in el paso. Going to openm this question to all of our panelists. I want to acknowledge that military leaders have taken steps to publicize their opposition to the extremism that has been on display at events like the 2017 unite the right to rally in charlottesville. I applied our leaders for saying that those are not our values. However, i was disappointed to see an individual nominated for the top personnel job at the apartment who has espoused dangerous and radical intolerance for multiculturalism in america, which is essentially the foundation of who we are as a country. Patterson was a president ial appointment, but he previously served as a Principal Deputy<\/a> undersecretary. Should we be concerned that a president ialas nominee, but within the department of defense for many years and rose through the ranks what does it tell us that someone is able to send in this manner with these views about minorities and america . I will say, i think it is unacceptable. You cannot have somebody working in the department of defense involved with the armed forces who does not believe the bedrock principles about equality. That has been said from top generals and other officials for a long time. It should not be the case that somebody who disagrees with that society should be in any position of power. I would like to i share the grief you felt in el paso. I grew up in el paso. My family still lives in el paso. Bike to thede my place where the shooting occurred. Kelly epresented of representative callie made an excellent point when he talked about the military being one of ,he most diverse institutions 40 of our military personnel are racial or ethnic minorities, more than 50 of women in the services are and our military recognizes 200 religious states. , civilian ands military leaders alike, who appreciate, acknowledge, and support that diversity, which is a strength. Absolutely. Added my condolences as well. I think it shows and reminds us that one person i think the raking member mentioned one person can do so much damage. That is why it is important for each of us to call it out every time. Have,h the limited time i you mentioned screening mechanisms. Could you give us an example of one of those, what we could do, something tangible . Of the most important things is what happens with recruits when they come in, they selfreport what their activities have been. It is not detailed. It says, have you been part of a domestic terrorist organization, or something along those lines. The questions should be deeper. There should be more about racial views, ethnicity, religion, and i think people coming into the military need to report what their social and media social media accounts look like and be verified. Whether thats to help people move away from these views or say this is unacceptable. These are the things i would look at. They should include questions about these issues as was proposed by the house in this last Defense Authorization<\/a> act and they do not right now. The military times polls, 30 years in a row, show these horrifying numbers about how many people have seen White Nationalism<\/a> in the military are a standin for that. The military should be collecting that information. Poll, if the numbers are accurate to the full amount of activeduty troops, it would mean 325,000 people in the armed forces had seen White Nationalism<\/a> or racism. That is an extraordinary number. Given the numbers, that is a whole lot of minority troops, troops of color, who are suffering under this situation. It would be a hostile Work Environment<\/a> if it were the in the civilian world. It is a serious matter. That data needs to be addressed. Thank you well. I yield back. Recognized for five minutes. Thank you to our panel for being here. How can the Department Better<\/a> prepare Service Members<\/a> for instances of White Nationalist<\/a> groups are attempting to recruit them, could they benefit from something akin to counterintelligence training to counter nice White Nationalist<\/a> recruitment . Mentioned, a lot of it is done over the internet. How do we go out there and train the troops is there a way to train them to recognize when they are being recruited to these groups . How do we prevent that . I think that is an interesting question. I think we worn warn our military personnel about different dangers and issues, including those online, the services all have social media policies that warn them about scams, about dangers that they might encounter online. Possible to warning them to look for signs that they may be being targeted by an extreme group that is trying to provide them with false narratives, trying to indoctrinate them, radicalize them. There are steps we can do to make the troops more aware that this is one of the things out there that people might try to do. We would love to hear from the other panelists as well. I think that is right. It is not as though there are primers about the signs of White Nationalism<\/a>, some of the main groups, this is information that can be shared. Commanders could be trained on. I found there are missing issues, there is no extremist tattoo database in the military to identify these things. Investigators are not trained on what the symbols ours these symbols are. His neonazioo of organization on his arm and nobody knew what it was about. On thes education investigatory level, the recruitment level, and for the troops in general on signs to look out for for White Supremacists<\/a> try to recruit them. They are absolutely trying to record them. I typically agree. Il need to talk about completely agree. We all need to talk about it. Conversations happen again referencing the desegregation, people talked about how to manage it and handle concerns and anxieties. We need to approach this in the same way. What we do that and established some mechanisms to train and educate folks, we can demand a zerotolerance policy and offer support services to those who are not able to meet the mission. According to an article in a division of a neonazi , some of their members were serving in the armed forces. In your opinion, how high a priority is the focus of military leadership on eliminating White Supremacy<\/a> from our military banks . You said there are regulations we have written, but my other question is, why havent we put these groups, outlying than outlawing them . That is a good question and it is hard to answer. The only data i can find is 25 troops were removed and a 510 year. In a fiveyear. Havee testimonies we written, we have documented more than that in the last year. Tore is a problem in trying figure out how many investigations go on, who is identifying extremists, how is this being reported. There is supposedly a report the pentagon does every year on White Supremacy<\/a> in the military. Is that happening . Why is it indicating . It is hard to answer because there is no transparency. Go ahead, sir. Agree, without being alarmist about the nature of the problem, there is a problem about White Supremacy<\/a> in the military. But our leadership may not realize the full extent of it because of the transparency is not there. I am out of time. Thank you very much. From thel hear gentleman from maryland. Thank you. I want to thank members of the military personnel subcommittee for your work. You wrestle with some of the thorniest issues that face congress. I think you are right, we should listen to our soldiers. There are ways that the military can, commanders in the chain of chaplains,ficers, also surveys. You mentioned in your testimony, the watering down of a provision in the nda that was offered by the house. I was the lead author, joined by a number of my colleagues. These hearings are an opportunity for us to establish the record that supports what we are trying to accomplish in the nda. In that amendment, it was specific, it said the secretary of defense will include in the workplace and equal opportunity climate and general relations regardinguestions whether respondents have experienced or witnessed in the workplace some premises activities, extremist activity, or racism. It should also include antisemitism. And whether you reported activities described in paragraph one. It was watered down to include extremists. In your written testimony, he pointed out how the screening procedures, that was watered down. Somewhere between the house and coming through conference, someone, somebody, some organization has an odd version to the use of has an of version two supremacist activity and the nda and it gets watered down. Could you place could you please make the strongest argument, whether it is in screening or the survey, we have to be specific . Let me say, aside from the danger to the troops themselves, especially troops of color, and thank you for pursuing this issue because it is important, the biggest problem is that White Supremacy<\/a> is distinct from other forms of extremism and it is deadly to the United States<\/a>. We have had too many former soldiers timid me Timothy Mcveigh<\/a> is best known, the bumper of the ellen dixon 1966 and other soldiers who had been involved in terrorist attacks were people who share that particular point of view. Those people coming out of the military and going up with groups like the base, they are a threat to the American Public<\/a> and a threat to people overseas anywhere where White Supremacy<\/a> is functioning, anywhere troops are, at White Supremacy<\/a> is a distinct problem. It is also indigenous to the United States<\/a>. We should not forget this. White supremacy is born out of our history added needs to be tackled. The armed forces have been a shining light in calling this out. We should be specific. Do people around you have White Nationalist<\/a> ideas . What have you seen . This is critical information to stop the mystics terrorism stop domestic terrorism. I appreciate your efforts. I agree with everything the doctor said. I would point your colleagues in congress back to the joint resolution that was passed unanimously postcharlottesville. In there, they rejected and named it White Nationalism<\/a>, White Supremacy<\/a>, neonazism, april expressions of intolerance hateful expressions of intolerance. We cannot just say these things postcrisis or post massacre. We have to be about trying to thwart these attempts. It is a clear and present danger. I do not know how to make it more clear. Our history shows it and we will continue to repeat it until we face it head on. White supremacy is that serious. I would like to ask one last question. The base as an organization had an intention to derail some trains, kill people, poison water supplies. What do know about the base . Do we have representatives in the United States<\/a> who are associated with that organization . The leader appears to be in russia. From the unrest you mentioned in your opening remarks, we know we have members of the base of the United States<\/a>. The name itself as a translation of al qaeda. It shows you there is this symbiosis in terms of dangerous threats. Violenty have a dachshund list of what they have been arrested for is scary, including murdering people. There are dozens of members of this organization in the United States<\/a> and abroad. In that case, there was a member of the Canadian Military<\/a> who was arrested. This is an International Problem<\/a> and it is run out of russia, which is a red flag. It is a serious matter. Any other comments . One thing that is worth pointing out about the base is that it is part of a new wave of white supremacist groups called acceleration is groups. Acceleration nests accelerationists are extreme and a unique way. Present society is not redeemable, they cannot shape it into the white only society that they seek. The only thing they can do is destroy our society and build something new from the ashes. Believe thatsts anything that will destabilize the system, even senseless violence, is good if it will help bring down the system that they want to destroy and replace. That areke that particularly dangerous and liable to engage in violent acts. I want to again thank you all for your testimony this afternoon. It was enlightening. Andill take a short recess switch out to our second panel. Follow campaign 2020 to nevada this weekend. Today, life at 5 00 eastern, joe biden, pete buttigieg, amy klobuchar, and tom steyer speak at a forum on infrastructure. Live coverage on cspan, watch ondemand at cspan. Org and listen on the go at the cspan radio app. [captions Copyright National<\/a> cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] with the iowa and New Hampshire<\/a> contests behind them, here is a look at important Upcoming Events<\/a> for the remaining president ial candidates. The nevada caucus, called the first in the west, is saturday february 22, with 36 pledged delegates. South carolinas primary is a, february 29, an open primary with 54 pledged delegates. Super tuesday, where 15 states and one territory allocate a third of all pledged delegates, is march 3. Tonight at 9 00 eastern on afterwards, sally pikes makes the argument against medicare for all in her latest book, false premise, false promise. In december, there were 4 million brits on a rating list to get treatment and be Cancer Treatment<\/a> is not supposed to be delayed more than 52 days. They have not met that standard for over five years. More important, under the World Health Organization<\/a> study, brits are the bottom of the wrong in most industrialized countries. 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