Are my own and not to be attributed to the trustees. Of the census accuracy is deeper and more complex than the latest chapter on anomalies. These are problems yet to be found reveal the consequences and risks. To help illustrate the challenges of 2020 census accuracy, i start with Research Conducted by Diana Elliott and i last year to explore 2020 census outcomes. This was precovid. We chose three risk scenarios and used Census Bureau research to simulate 2020 counts. The most optimistic scenario mimicked the performance of the 2010 census, which came in 0001 of population estimate. When we overlaid that performance over the 2020 projection, we discovered a net undercount of the population of 3 . Stated differently, had the pandemic never happened, people of color are historically undercounted, and our wonderful nation, have become more racially and ethnically diverse over the past 10 years. While this 2010 census was accurate for the total u. S. Population, it came at the expense of fairness. Counted by was over 0. 8 percent, conveniently making up for net undercount of people of color. For instance, nonhispanic blacks had a net undercount of 0. 8 . Latinx, 1. 5 . It is unfair to over count one sector while undercounting another to achieve overall accuracy. It reinforces in equities in political representation, federal funding, and economic and Public Health opportunities for the next 10 years. Why does this matter now . Consider the ongoing pandemic. We see high ratio ethnic disparities in rates of job loss, hunger, housing, instability, and health. Days of life for peoples of color often meets daily needs. That leads us to the basic quality indicator, the self Response Rate. Self response occurs when you complete your own census form. Research shows lower self Response Rates increase the rate of a net undercount. Now, our national 2020 Response Rate was 67 , higher than that of 2010. But in innercity neighborhoods, self Response Rates were lower, 60 or under. These disparities varied more in 2020 than 2010. Riskss just one of many endured. 2020 census besides the overarching pandemic, others included this citizenship, the scheduling disruptions, natural disasters, that of course a shortened Data Processing period. Or each poses their own threat to census accuracy. The collection is done, so whats next . We need transparency. A Census Bureau should release data needed to assess the quality by adopting the recommendations of the American Statistical Association and the Census Bureaus own Scientific Advisory committee. In closing, i commend the Census Bureaus career staff for their dedication, scientific integrity, and old to uphold oath to uphold the constitution. Theyre esteemed and should be allowed to do their jobs unfettered, with due diligence. Thank you again and i look forward to your questions. Thank you. Mr. Szabo, you are now recognized. Good morning, chair maloney, and members of the committee. On behalf of the mayor and the nearly 8. 5 Million People in the city of new york, i thank you for having me here today. As new york citys chief demographer, my message today is twofold. One, scheduled for the census must provide the census professional staff with enough time to do their jobs well and in accordance with the rigorous statistical standards we expect. The Census Bureau, too, must be transparent by releasing key indicators and giving americans confidence in the census. The census has been presented with challenges in the past. Few have been as formidable as those posed by the 2020 census. Among the challenges we have faced, the most pressing has been the toxic mix of fear among immigrants and their families, combined with the devastating pandemic. Plus, the challenge of overcoming this fear in many communities has been hampered by the absence of physical outreach that has been shown to encourage response, especially self response. In an effort to cope with these extort nary circumstances, sec. Of commerce and Census Bureau leadership wisely reset the schedule for the 2020 census last april. This provided more time for the allimportant nonresponse followup, or as demographers erfu. To it, n when sensors knock on the door. Unfortunately, this schedule was upended this past summer, greatly abbreviating the time the bureau had in the field and the time to process the data on the backend. Why should we be concerned . First, the very definition was becauseffended for many of movement during the pandemic. Many were not at their usual residence as of april 1, 2020. Students andtions, others in temporary locations, with family members or friends, or in second homes. For those whose usual residence was in new york city, the Census Bureau needs time on the back and to adjust their backend to adjust their resume. Moreover, such confusion over where they were supposed to be enumerated in the middle of a pandemic is a virtual guarantee that largescale duplication of responses will occur. Using data on forms that sometimes lack important basic information, such as persons name, is laborious with the time required for successful completion of the process. Second, to increase response, it allowed respondents to write in their addresses without a census 80. Census id. This is fine for those that can be easily linked to the master address file, but not for those who have regular addresses, where apartment numbers do not formally exist. The department of city planning worked more than two years identifying these addresses by assigning them designated and getting them on the bureaus address books. But without a census 80, the bureau needs census id, the match toeeds to conduct their address file, with less time in the field, it is very likely many of these cases need to be resolved by the bureau as part of backend processing, which, as we all know, has been truncated. A seriousre is concern about how the Census Bureau, in the midst of a pandemic, achieve a 99 plus Completion Rate in parts of new york city, or self response over a period of five months was less than 50 . Given this shortened timeframe. The answer is that completed, resolved, does not necessarily mean, and i quote, enumerated by a household member. But what does it mean . It could mean the determining unit does not exist. It could mean the unit was deemed to be vacant. The cases could have been resolved by contact with a respondent, such as tax returns. The final determination could be an outright refute or no determination could be made for what was believed to be an occupied unit. The Census Bureau needs to assess these cases to evaluate and administer records or known to exist using a procedure. Torics need to be produced determine how the census was completed. For example, the level of deed duplication. How many people need to be reassigned to their april 1 residence . To conclude, one, scheduled for the census must provide the Census Bureau confessional staff with enough time to process, correct what we are suspect would be an increased volume of problems with this census due to the pandemic. In second, the Census Bureau must be transparent by releasing key indicators endorsed by the Census QualityIndicators Task force of the American Statistical Association. Moreover, these metrics have to be provided for small geographic areas, substate geographic areas. Census tracts, the Building Blocks of new york city neighborhoods. This will not only provide data users with confidence and quality in the data, but will allow them to maintain its i think youit and i look forward to questions. Thank you. Mr. Landry, you are now recognized. Esther landry . Mr. Landry . Thank you. Privilege to be with you here today. Be productive today would be for every member of the committee to stipulate they are in full support of legal immigration. It would be a great place to start. If we could start from that, that all of us support legal immigration, then we can proceed to deal with immigrants that for whatever reason, are in here illegally. For now, we would move to what the definition of a citizen is. To have a nation, we must have citizens. To be a citizen means to be bestowed with all of the rights, privileges, and protections of that sovereign. For theng eligible draft, serving in the military, standing on a jury, voting, contributing to social security. And other safety net programs. Having the elitist to our country. Special take special interest in this issue. This committee is aware the constitution requires account of persons living in the United States every 10 years for the purpose of representative reapportionment. And it places the responsibility of congress to direct the cap followup. To that end, congress, you, gave the secretary of Congress Broad discretion to determine the contents of each census. Similarlyly it charged those two congress. The broad of discretion can be seen in apportionment of overseas Service Members depending on several characteristics of their service, they are counted either at their usual place of residence or at their military installation. Tourists, andals, corporate entities are excluded from the count and apportionment, even though they are technically persons under the law. From alterations come policy directions of the secretary, and they are consistent with the language of the constitution and the goal of promoting equality. They ensure an accurate census and a fair apportionment as the law requires. This was president trumps goal when issuing his memorandum to the commerce secretary. The president s memorandum relies on the powers granted to the executive branch of government by you all, by congress, and the constitution. Restore are simple, to equality and voting power by excluding Illegal Immigrants from the reapportionment base. Fix,is not a difficult certainly not as drastic as say, adding another state to the union. The fate of three seats does not append the balance of power. We should always seek to assure the balance of power and recognize that an Illegal Immigrants presence should not give one state power over voters in another state. By counting Illegal Immigrants in the reapportionment base, the federal system incentivizes states to work against that system, and against each other. Sanctuary policies that entice illegal entry and shield wrongdoers from justice undermine Community Safety and the rule of law. But those states implementing these policies see increased power, thus disenfranchising other states. Illegal immigrants are expected to grow in california and ohio, while minnesota would lose congressional representation. Unlawfullye, people in this country are causing longstanding changes in our democracy by simply being counted. As the Supreme Court has recognized, few interests are more vital to a state than the extent of its representation in the house. Allowing illegal immigration to distort congressional apportionment. Illegal immigrants must be excluded from the reapportionment. Otherwise, they disenfranchise other states by unfairly distorting the apportionment of house seats in favor of state states with higher concentration of Illegal Immigrants. With determining the appropriate balance of power amongst those that wield it, the constitution demands that all votes be given equal weight. We cannot achieve that precise balance until we adopt policies laid out by the president. For thishe Committee Time and am happy to answer any questions. [no audio] thank you. Were having some connection issues with mr. Landrys presentation. He was wrapping up his presentation, so i feel that i now recognize myself for five minutes. Id like to begin by asking about the new internal documents obtained by the committee. These documents describe at least 15 different problems that career professionals at the Census Bureau identified in the data. They also show that career staff of the Trump Administration that complete and accurate data will not be ready until late january or early february. As i explained earlier, the Trump Administration did not want us to see these documents. But we were able to obtain them, nevertheless. I understand that our witnesses have now had the opportunity to review these documents, so id like to start with a simple question, which i hope you can answer with a yes or no. Disregardsnistration these data problems and rush to submit census data before these problems are fixed, would you have a high level of confidence that the data is complete and accurate as required by the constitution . Mr. Salvo, yes or no . I cant hear him. No. Ok. Mr. Santos, yes or no . No. Yes or no . Not until theyre fixed. No, maam. Ok. Id like to ask about a specific problem described in document one. Number one, this document career staff identified a data error that could result in skipping records for people who recounted in group orders, such as college dorms, nursing facilities, and military barracks. Career staff warned that this impacts more than 16,000 records. And if not corrected, may result in undercounted persons. Why is it a problem to undercount people in Group Quarters . What is this about . Well, Group Quarters represent individuals in situations like nursing homes, college dorms, homeless shelters, and the sort. Its important to count them because they are residents of the United States, and the constitution requires the Census Bureau to count individuals who are residents. Notwith that, its surprising that the Census Bureau has encountered a problem with reporters since the Group Quarters enumeration was disrupted during the pandemic. So, i am not surprised at all that roughly, perhaps half of the list of problems that had been revealed thus far are related to Group Quarters. Undercounting results in underrepresentation. It results in fewer federal fund allocations. It results in an ill bitterly an inability to properly plan. In urban areas so recently cant let that happen and i encourage that the Census Bureau, as i said, the allowed enough time to sort all the bestut and to do job you can too, with the most with the to come up most accurate counts. Career officials identified another error, affecting about 46,000 records from people who filled out paper questionnaires in nine states. The career staff wrote, if this error isnt corrected, Demographic Data from persons will be missed, and may impact the final population count. Mr. Salvo, what could the impact be if final state population count and Demographic Data are not accurate . My main point would be mr. Salvo . The Census Bureau in those maybents talked about how the problems that they were discussing affected maybe. 7 of the population. The important point to make is that that was not evenly distributed over the geographic areas of the country, and that there are some areas that would be more greatly affected than others. Anything that compromises the census of the senses will be felt more in some areas than other areas. And its important to note that. And if i may, chairwoman maloney, comment on that please . [indiscernible] ok. The Census Bureau, because of inuncation, they spot the facilities that would be included in the senses. Thats the first in the census. Thats the first point. There are some with large numbers of gqs that define who they are. And its in distribution that affects some areas much more than others. Goes,uestion on contact we are very concerned that the truncation of the schedule, less time in the field to get those answers, is caused the Census Bureau to push enumerators to a point where they compromise the data themselves. And thats with the metrics the American Statistical Association has promoted. Thats what it gets that. And thats not in the memo, ok . Thats not in the memo. We need to go beyond the memo. The quality of the data. Thank you. Thank you. Let me ask about the last page of document number one, where it lists considerations and risks. In the final bullet, the career staff set forth a stark warning. They explained that they are working on a comprehensive patch with more than a dozen individual patches, to address all these problems. But then they say this and i quote, if the sequencing of patch deployment isnt executed properly, it may result in other data anomalies. In other words, if they try to rush this, they could aggravate the process and result in even more problems. Is that right . Yes, maam. Concernstwo actually we have that are shared by the Census Bureau. One is the rushing, as you mentioned. The patches have to be put in place. They have to be tested. And you have to see whether or not to do the comprehensive fix to see where they work together. Were still talking about the first stage in the Data Processing. Theres other stages yet to come. Th