Have had very long careers in Public Service. I know you were in the house in 1994 and senator warner 1989 worked with doug wilder and before becoming governor in yourself virginia so what inspired your career in Public Service . What would you say to young people today who like to pursue a career in Public Service . I like to think i was or icactually am older than richard but i never acknowledge that. He dies his hair. [laughter] at least i got hair. [laughter] i would like to think i was old enough to touch by the idealism of the 60s but not old enough to be jaded. I had grown up in the midwest, indiana and illinois, connecticut and bent at thean se company for 35 years and first in my family to graduate from college. Somehow my parents were political, involved in pta, boy scouts but i always had the bug. Took some time or when offhanded business came back to politics because i did politics during college and law school but one of the things is all the frustrations and politics when you absolutely get stuff done which unfortunately becomes rarer and rarer in our day job the ability to affect peoples lives in an extraordinary positive way emboldens me more now and now. Many in this room who my father and mother. They instilled in me theres a time to complain and when that is over with you sign up or shut up. I remember the day i told my wife i would run for congress and im still reminded of it, 25 years later. [laughter] the reality is weve all got to pick where wed like to make an impact and mark and i serve in an incredibly close and challenging time and i think weve talked about it and one look at how we conducted the intelligence and how we interacted with 17 intelligence agencies anden we and hopefully they will follow that. It just so happens we do it at a time when theres a completely print approach on the house side has been set off back. But the obvious thing is you cant do it if we dont trust each other. We dont agree on everything and when we dont agree we get together and hammer that out if in fact its a german win. [laughter] but to my knowledge we have never exercised that. The reality is that i think the institution and certainly the complete possibilities of the committee are better off because we do it that you mention trust so how do you engender that trust between the two of you . A few glasses of wine to them center and never been to Peter Bennett by what to be gone for years and loved that rock realize you will not wait but richard and a good friend of richards senator from georgia became good friends and we do not agree on everything but i think at thei end of the secret sauce that is missing politics is a trust in the means at some point you got to be willing to do you think is right even if your team not agree with. Until joe you will even the frankly does not agree with you dont fully earn that trust. Richard and i have tried to earn that with each other and give each other plenty of grief along the way and we have traveled in some of these times around the world but it starts with a personal relationship and a recognition that the friendship and relationship is more important than shortterm partisan political points. Mark does not know what is like to subpoena the president son. [laughter] but he did turned to me and say you will do what . And the fact is that doing things like that is not something you expect to do when you take this job. But it is part of the process that he and i committed to at the beginning which was we will iffollow the facts. If you cant talk to everybodyth that might be connected what world can you determine what is factual. I think well talk later on about social media and about the world we are in now but imd asked what am i scared about and scared about what i dont know tnd what i dont understand. What you see on the National Media is not indicative of the relationships we have in washington. Mark and i have a Good Relationship and its curious that you would believe 90 other people dont and the truth is i, that was case we would get nothing done. The senate rules allow one person to stop anything at any time. We do new guys are the designated jerks on both teams thoughat and they would be in ay kind of poll. [laughter] i was asked earlier by students how do you get things done and you identified the people that you have a common interest with. You may disagree with them 60 ll but 40 you can assign agreement on. So im doing education and if its healthcare im doing by a vocation. It used to be i was doing deals with ted kennedy. Why . Because we believed in the same things on those issues but also we are looking for someone to cover the others back and i think in the case of the Intelligence Committee we do an extremely good job of communicating with each other and covering our backs with our members even on the committee when we are taking a tough position. To give him there would have been so much easier in todays world for richard just to say i will go with the flow as opposed to where we started where we said we will go after the facts but we will follow them wherever they lead and the fact one of the things im proud of is the folks that we had do the investigation the folks they talk to do not realize which ones were democrats orf republicans in terms of staff and there have beenn a host of other areas that draw him into the 21st century on technology. He had a flip phone. [laughter] but on technologies hes organized in many ways there is no committee of technology and he can speak to this better than i that we carved out that area and a whole host of issues. It is not liberal conservative or red and blue but future past and this is a guy who is willing to grapple with those issues and its important. You all painted a rosy picture of washington but we have 2015 study of millennials, harvard study, 74 expressed distrust in the government and there was a more recent gallup poll where americans approval of congress remained hat 20 from 2019 and they remained at 20 for the second consecutive month for congress and this having declined after two years. You said washington is not broken but the statistics suggest otherwise. What can we do to restore faith in our government . Look at the last 20 years. The majority of millennials or americans its get their news as an alert on their phone. Look at the alerts you get at 8 00 a. M. Or the alerts at 8 00 p. M. At night to see if its different than the likelihood is it is. Maybe we ought to be having a journalism class about the standards of journalism where historically they came out and you had to have two sources and one had to be named. Every source today is anonymous. Doesnt matter whether its right or left but its in an anonymous source. Imagine if we had to operate in a world where everybody was anonymous to us. Weve interviewed over 200 people in the Russian Investigation and there may be 13 that you know who interviewed because they came out publicly or there was acknowledgment. There were 180 plus people that you will never read about hopefully. They came in and we interviewed because we do twowo things kind close doors. We are not ashamed of that. We think america is safer because we do our business behind closed doors in our members dont talk about it but i will tell you as the vice chairman our biggest challenge when this is over is to get back to our members dont talk to the press and where we do our business which is oversight over 17 agencies so mark and i can look at you and absolutely assure you everything we do lives within the letter of the law or the order of the president. If in fact weve reached the confidence that we have with 17 intelligence agencies that we will not get information from them that we need to do correct oversight. Though he would like to be in the press every day . The fact is that is not where our committee operates and its not regain the trust of the people that we do get oversight on. First of all i would say some of those statistics in terms of congress we have earned it. I thought it was 9 . [laughter] but i think there are these inherent contradictions whether 9 or 20 yet we still see the election rates on individual members that i top 75 until the last couple of cycles. It is easy to take congress but love your congressman. Number two i do think that an institutional problem that we have at this time is that we have driven too much power in both the house or the senate to the respectiveuc leadership. Majority leader, minority leaders, speaker andnd when you dont legislate most of the year and wait until these big hairy balls of mass that happens at the of the year whether budget wise that is not a rational way to do this for the largest institution in the u. S. Government. Number three, i think we too often and i think there was less of this when there were lots of separate bases of power rather than power going through majority leader and does not matter which team but he or she raises the money and to be first and foremost loyal to your team and more than loyal to your country and thats a huge flaw but i spent longer in business than i did in politics and biggest difference in business is get measured by what you get done. Many people regret and politics can tell what they have been against most of their life. Rarely can they tell you what they are for. On till we hire people who are willing to get the yes even if that yes may not be ideologically perfect then we will continue to have those. My fear is because i dont think we can continue and i think were got a unique relationship in the realm of the intelligence oversight we have a little more freedom to get things done and they dont this is fairly [inaudible] but i think theres a huge problem in a world moving as quickly as our world is moving in a mention on the way we see news, 65 of americans get some or all of their news from facebook and google. That has no editorial regulator at all. If we dont show again that we can get the yes on certain items than millennials and generations of people will tune out in my fear had times and i say this is someone who does like press more than richard heino you want to sure the tv when the news comes on but i feel the same way when im inside that tv. If you tune out and if you tune out and say all your doing is turning [inaudible] orchid policy is not made. Theres a host of issues that may be reformulated or certain areas with economic incentives that arent relitigating traditional healthcare, infra structure where everyone has their establishment goingng easr to get common agreement and in certain areas we should put points on the board so that even if theyre not the worlds Biggest Issue the congress can say we have fixed that and move on to something else. I think there are a host of variables that we canan get into tonight. You mentioned social media and i know you felt strongly about social media and theyre playing a big role in political discourse and are you concerned about this role that social media is plain . We differ a little on our approach. This is valuable platforms for the americans. What we do see is a collaboration with government and we like to see a willingness to participate with Election Security and i might say if it had not been what we uncovered over two years we might have had a big problem in 2018 and we didnt because we had a level of cooperation and collaboration between social mediand and we we able to put together an architecture that made it out of the election without instances. Some of it was a policy change on the part of the administration and 20 will be a much more challenging thing. We are fairly confident right now to expand this collaborative agreement and i think mark has different thoughts to regulating the platforms but when we saw social media to create societal chaos in the United States there was no legislative remedy because they are under a first moment issue so they could have rushed out inside we will regulate this and it mightve been a a big splash but the twof us realized we could do that and we will not get overturned in the Supreme Court so it is better in this case its the private sector and academia collaborate together for the good of the country and that is the thing we are going out with. I agree and disagree. I think i said this was my background in technology and a Venture Capitalist and i think we became totally infatuated with these platforms and way over the top techno optimist and we had a traditional were republic and party the business and innovative in the democrats and obama fell in love that google and facebook said they will be Good Companies and they do not even realize we were completely off guard as a government how how the dark underbelly could get us to hate each other and to be manipulated by outside forces in a way that i think everybody fully understood and i partially disagree with richard. Im not one 100 sure the First Amendment rights and the reason why these companies have no response ability in the Media Company has in the late 90s and lets consider thesehe companies as dumb pipes or Telecom Companies and maybe that made sense in the late 90s but when 65 of americans get their news from facebook or google we should give them an exception may be a need to be rethought and we have already said you can to child pornography or sex trafficking and other countries the uk, austria to look at content. [inaudible] maybe we ought to have a discussion that saidou we could had to own your content and put your real identity next to that that might decrease countries like estonia have seen so much outside intervention that the only way to get on the internet and on social media is ouestonia if you validate who yu are. That may work in america or less in egypt but i think there are things where some of my things on the democrat side i dont want to turn the i do think i would not take that off the table but i do think we should know for example what data is collected on us and i think we ought to know if we get tired of facebook we ought to be able to easily move all the data from facebook including our cat videos and data portability still be able to talk that remain on facebook. Theres a whole conversation about portability and transparency in certain rules of the road that i think in the end there will be right partisan consensus in each logician i have out there that there are bipartisan in the puffer companies are starting to realize that they are plain robe a dope with an inefficient congress and will come back and bite them because what america doesnt lead in the standards now given that leadership to states like california and nevada and we seen europeans move on privacy and on content and all weve done is the new ceiling or floor when we do regulate. This is an area where there is a lot of Common Ground but we should not have rushton if we had rushton to quickly. We have no jurisdiction. [laughter] thank goodness. Thats the conundrum that we talk privately about the fact that we have no committee for technology in congress and we are the only ones that look at the intelligence that everyone else is doing and the telegram policy or getting involved they dont have what we have. I can tell you the architecture of government is not conducive to the century. You may look at academia and we generate now the output for the Economic Opportunities that are there but government the institution that is the head because we just dont allow technology to be pulling in realtime. What he has done and ive got to give you credit because an area whether its the architecture of our satellites overhead or where we where nextgeneration telecom, called 5g, moving television from 4g to 5g and it has taken incredibly dug in deep and we are because you get a chance to see this where cuttingedge research is done which comes out of the dod world and we earn credibility with our colleagues that if we come up with colleagues and stay tuned some areas will posell challenges beyond anything weve imagined in the last 50 or 60 years and i think we will have thoughts thank goodness you dont have your committee does not have jurisdiction on that because theres broad bipartisan consensus you cannot get cat videos from. [laughter] [inaudible conversations] moving on, thinking about the work with your committee and i know senator warner is the vice chair and october 8 your committee issued a report entitled russians and social media and lets read a little bit about what you said in your statement. You say that russia is waging an Information Warfare campaign against the u. S. That did not start and did not end with a 2016 election. Senator warner, in your statement you note that now with the 2020 election on the horizon there is no doubt that bad actors will continue to try to weapon eyes the scale and research of social media platforms to erode Public Confidence and foster chaos. Actually senator warner you wano to say the techniques the russians are using our only becoming more sophisticated so what are the threats or what threats do foreign powers pose to our democracy and we talk a little bit about what we can do to protect our country but say more about how briefly so weve done this tagteam a few times but one of the reasons why and its not just iran and china and north korea but we are spending 750 box on the fence and russians spend 70 and in most areas if you take cyber or miss information china and russia are nearly our peers and lets i fear and maybe in north carina in virginia where we had huge investments in military with by too much 20th century stuff in the world with conflict will be more cyber disinformation. One of the reasons we know that russia and others will be back if you add up intervene in our elections the bracket vote that the brits have now known what the french president ial elections and you add that together and its less than the cost of one new f35 airplane. This is both cheap and enormously effective and they come at us and in a way which is always been our strength and openers and richard made the comment and i give him kudos to the trauma demonstration on this that under both bush and obama we were always reluctant to push back and we have been willing to push back which is helpful but in 2016 was firstgeneration in the next iteration of technology is debate where richard burr will sound like him, liquid him but will not be his face or body. If you watch madam secretary last night then they did a deep fake video and this is a challenge to his credit mark hae been all over this and im not sure that we have a mechanism that will distinguish that d and broadcast that and we are still trying to figure out how legitimately