a difficult winter and beyond. this is not going to be anything like a quick move to democracy and these countries. you can have large, ungoverned spaces where terrorists move in. it's a challenge for the united states. >> what is the largest threat to our national security? what is going on in afghanistan or what is occurring in yemen? >> pakistan is probably larger than any of them. afghanistan is a distraction. one thing about afghanistan, when you had the attacks on the hotel, it went back to vietnam. it's a reminder the people we are working with in afghanistan, given what they get out of pakistan, they will not be able to turn the corner. we continue to invest enormously there. >> howard dean? >> afghanistan, because of the